Yɛn nipadua no autopilot: Momma yensua autonomic nervous system no ho ade.

So woasusuw sɛnea wo home gyae, wo koma bɔ, anaa w’aduan yam a wunsusuw ho mpo ho pɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka ‘autopilot’ a ɛyɛ nwonwa, anaasɛ automatic system a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛhwɛ eyinom nyinaa so ho asɛm. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) . Saa nhyehyɛe yi reyɛ adwuma bere nyinaa, bere a yɛada ne bere a yɛda nyinaa. Nokwarem no, nhyehyɛe yi nti na yɛte ase.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne autonomic nervous system (ANS) no?

Okay, momma yɛnte eyi ase saa kwan yi so. Yɛn ntini nyinaa mu akyekyɛ ayɛ no afã atitiriw abien. Biako ne Central Nervous System (CNS) . Ɛne sɛ, yɛn amemene ne yɛn akyi berɛmo. Ntini afoforo no nyinaa yɛ Peripheral Nervous System no dea .

Wɔasan akyekyɛ saa ntini a ɛwɔ akyi yi mu abien:

1. Somatic system: Eyi ne nea ɛhwɛ nneɛma a yɛhyɛ da yɛ so . Sɛ nhwɛso no, kuruwa a wobɛfa, nantew, ne nkɔmmɔbɔ.

2. Autonomic system: Eyi ne nhyehyɛe a ɛhwɛ nneɛma a ɛkɔ so ara kwa a yensusuw ho mpo . Nneɛma te sɛ koma bɔ, ɔhome, fifiri, ne aduan a wɔyam.

Enti, autonomic nervous system (ANS) a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ no wɔ afã atitiriw abiɛsa. Wɔn ne Sympathetic , Parasympathetic , ne Enteric nhyehyɛe ahorow no. Saa baasa yi te sɛ kuw bi a wɔbom yɛ adwuma.

‘Accelerator’ ne ‘Brake’: Sympathetic ne Parasympathetic Nhyehyɛe ahorow

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ate sɛnea nhyehyɛe abien yi yɛ adwuma ase ne sɛ wubesusuw ho sɛ ɛyɛ kar a ɛma kar tu mmirika ne breki. Saa baanu yi yɛ adwuma de sɔre tia wɔn ho wɔn ho, na wɔma kari pɛ, anaasɛ homeostasis , wɔ yɛn nipadua mu.

1. tema nhyehyɛe: nipadua no ‘accelerator’.

Eyi ne nea ɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua no "Fight-or-Flight" mmuae so. Ɛne sɛ, nhyehyɛe a esiesie nipadua no bere a asiane, ehu, anaa adwennwen bi asi no.

Fa no sɛ, worenam abɔnten so na mpofirim ara ɔkraman bi huruw fi adi ba wo so. Wobɔ hu. Dɛn na ɛba saa bere no?

• AkomaAhoɔhare a wɔde bɔ no kɔ soro.
• Aniwa no anim a ɛyɛ kɛse.
• Ɔhome reyɛ ntɛmntɛm.
• Nnompe no te hɔ.
• Mogya pii sen kɔ ntini no mu de siesie ne ho ma mmirikatu anaa ɔko.

Eyi nyinaa nam sikɔne kakraa bi mu denam tema nhyehyɛe a ɛde ntini mu nkwaadɔm te sɛ epinephrine di dwuma no so .

2. Parasympathetic system: Nipadua no ‘breki’.

Eyi ne nea ɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua no "Rest-and-Digest" mmuae so. Ɛne sɛ, sɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ no ba awiei a, nipadua no san kɔ tebea a ɛyɛ komm na ɛyɛ nea ɛfata mu na ɛhwɛ nneɛma a ehia bere a yɛregye yɛn ahome no so.

Sɛ saa ɔkraman no kɔ wie a, wo bo dwo nkakrankakra.

• Koma no bɔ san ba sɛnea na ɛte kan no.
• Ɔhome ma obi dwo.
• Nnuan a wɔyam no fi ase bio.
• Nipadua no mu yɛ hare.

Saa ‘adwo’ yi, Parasympathetic nhyehyɛe no na ɛyɛ.

3. Enteric System: ‘Amemene a Ɛto so Abien’ a Ɛwɔ Yɛn Awotwaa Mu

Oyi yɛ soronko kakra. Enteric system no yɛ ntini kɛse bi a ɛnam yɛn aduan mu ntini nyinaa so (efi ano kosi akyi berɛmo so), na ntini bɛboro ɔpepem 100 na ɛwɔ mu. Ɛte sɛ amemene ketewaa bi a ɛfa dwensɔtwaa ho pɔtee na etumi si n’ankasa gyinae. N'adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛhwɛ aduannuru a wɔyam na ɛtwetwe so . Ɛtɔ da bi a, saa nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma sɛnea nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi nhyehyɛe abien a aka no mu (Sympathetic ne Parasympathetic) te, nanso ebetumi nso ayɛ adwuma wɔ n’ankasa so.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nhyehyɛe yi mu?

Esiane sɛ saa autonomic nervous system yi trɛw wɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa nti, sɛ biribi asɛe anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye (nnuruyɛfo frɛ eyi Autonomic Neuropathy ) a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi ada adi wɔ nipadua no afã horow. Ɛnyɛ obiara na obenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne koro.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba no bi ne:

• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa ne ɔtopae, titiriw bere a wogyina hɔ no
• Koma a ɛbɔ denneennen (koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm a ntease biara nnim) .
• Akisikuru anaasɛ ontumi nni ne dwensɔtwaa so
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene aduan
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Fifiri ho haw (fifiri a ɛboro so anaasɛ fifiri biara nni hɔ) .
• Nsuo mu haw (ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛfa nsuo mu anaasɛ wontumi nni so) .
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ɔhaw
• Osuani no a ontumi nyɛ hwee wɔ hann ho

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woaka ho asɛm.

Nyarewa a ebetumi asɛe autonomic nervous system no

Nea ɛde nhyehyɛe yi sɛe ade titiriw ne asikreyare a wontumi nni so (Type 2 Diabetes) . Asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu bere tenten no betumi asɛe ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no.

Nea ɛka ho no, nneɛma afoforo nso wɔ hɔ a enti:

• Guillan-Barre Syndrome: Eyi yɛ tebea a nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ n’ankasa ntini so.
• Amyloidosis: Ntini a ɛsɛe esiane protein ahorow bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so nti.
• Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba:Nyarewa bi a efi mmoawa ne mmoawa mu (e.g. HIV, Lyme yare) betumi asɛe ntini ahorow.
• Nnubɔne ne nsa a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so: Eyinom betumi asɛe ntini ahorow no tẽẽ.
• Awuduru: Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ awuduru te sɛ dade a emu yɛ duru mu.
• Ahodwiriw: Sɛ nneɛma sɛe, titiriw akyi berɛmo no, betumi aka nhyehyɛe yi dwumadi kɛse.
• Kokoram: Akisikuru bi a kokoram wom anaa nea enni kokoram betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba denam ntini ahorow a ɛhyɛ so no so.