So woahu pɛn sɛ nsunsu tuntum anaa ahabammono tuntum a ɛrenyin wɔ wo fie mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini—ebia wɔ ɔfasu bi so, wo aguaree ntwea so, anaa baabi a ɛbɛn mfɛnsere? Bere a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobebu yɛn ani agu so no, sɛ nnipa pii te asɛm “nkuku tuntum” no a, wɔte dadwen nka. So ɛyɛ hu ampa? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛka w’akwahosan? Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den, emu da hɔ, na ɛma awerɛhyem so.
Dɛn ne Black Mold?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nkuku tuntum yɛ nwansena bi. Ɛte sɛ nkuku a enyin wɔ abodoo dedaw so no yiye, nanso ɛtaa pue wɔ ahabammono tuntum anaa tuntum mu. Bere a ahorow pii wɔ hɔ no, asɛmfua “nkuku tuntum” taa kyerɛ ɔkwan pɔtee bi a wɔfrɛ no Stachybotrys chartarum (S. chartarum) .
Saa ntontom yi nyin yiye wɔ nneɛma a cellulose wom so . Ebia wubesusuw nea ɛno yɛ ho—cellulose yɛ abɔde mu ade a ɛwɔ krataa, nnua a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, ne drywall mu. Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ nhama a ɛwɔ nnuaba ne nhabannuru mu.
Sɛ nsunsu tuntum betumi anyin a, ɛhwehwɛ sɛ ɔhyew ne nsu wom pɔtee . Eyi nti na wotaa hu no wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini te sɛ mmeae a nsu asɛe, aguaree, adan ase, ne mfɛnsere a atwa ho ahyia no.
Nanso, yɛsrɛ sɛ ma eyi ntra w’adwenem: Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden fam no, nsunsu tuntum mfa yare a emu yɛ den anaa tebea horow a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu mma. Ɛho nhia sɛ wɔbɔ hu a ɛho nhia.
So nsunsu tuntum betumi ama woayare? Epira dɛn?
Yiw, nsunsu tuntum betumi aka nnipa binom. Titiriw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew dedaw wɔ nsunsu ho a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ebetumi akanyan wo ho.
Nkuku tuntum ma nneɛma nketenkete a wɔfrɛ no spores kɔ mframa mu. Ɛsan nso yɛ nnuru a wɔfrɛ no ‘microbial volatile organic compounds’ (mVOCs) —saa hua a ɛda nsow “musty” no fi saa mVOC ahorow yi ankasa. Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, saa nkwaboaa anaa mVOC ahorow yi betumi akanyan yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ n’ade wɔ ho no, na ama wo hwene, w’ani, anaa w’ahurututu mu ayɛ hyew. Wɔ nnipa a wonni akisikuru mpo mu no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mVOC ahorow yi a ɛdɔɔso a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no betumi ama wɔn ho ayɛ wɔn yaw.
Bio nso, sɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no asɛe (esiane aduruyɛ mu tebea horow bi anaa nnuru a esiw nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ano nti) a, sɛ wunya nsunsu tuntum a, ebetumi ama woanya fungal yare wɔ wo home kwan mu anaa baabi foforo, a wɔfrɛ no mycosis .
Nanso, nsunsu tuntum nyɛ nea asiane wom kɛse nsen nsunsu ahorow afoforo a abu so. Nwansena biara betumi ama wɔn a wɔte nka wɔ ho no ho ayɛ wɔn yaw.
Ɛka wo ntɛm dɛn, na henanom na wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu?
Sɛnea wobɛyɛ w’ade wɔ nsunsu tuntum ho no gyina w’ankasa nkate anaa sɛnea wo ho yɛ wo hyew no so koraa. Ɛsono obiara, enti ebia ɛsono wo suahu wɔ obi foforo de ho.
- Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ada adi ntɛm ara bere a woahome mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae no.
- Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo hyew a, ebia worenhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa, anaasɛ ebetumi agye bere tenten ansa na ɔhaw biara a ɛba wo so no aba.
Bere a nsunsu tuntum betumi ama obiara abufuw no, akuw a edidi so yi betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den kɛse:
- Wɔn a wɔn ankasa anaa abusua abakɔsɛm wɔ akisikuru .
- Nnipa a wɔwɔ ɔhome mu tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu anaa COPD ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ) .
- Nnipa a wɔtaa de wɔn ho hyɛ mmeae a nsu pii wɔ, na mframa ntumi nkɔ mu wɔ fie anaa adwumam.
- Ankorankoro a wɔwɔ anipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ayɛ mmerɛw .
Sɛ wohome nsunsu tuntum a, dɛn na ɛba? Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?
Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, sɛ wohome akisikuru tuntum a, ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew. Wo nipadua no hu sɛ saa mmoawa yi yɛ “ntuafo” na efi ase ko tia wɔn.
Sɛ wodi kan de wo ho hyɛ mu a, wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ nnuru titiriw a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Saa IgE antibodies yi kyekyere nkwammoaa a histamine (mast cells) wom, a ɛwɔ wo hwene, wo honam ani, yafunu mu ntini, ne ɔhome kwan mu. Sɛ wosan de wo ho hyɛ mu bio a, saa nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi yi histamine ne nnuru afoforo fi mu, na ɛno na ɛde akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ba ntɛm ara —mpɛn pii no wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu. Nnuru afoforo betumi ama ɔfe a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ aba.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya nsunsu tuntum bi ne:
- Fefe a wɔfe
- Ɔfefe
- Anom a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
- Postnosal nsuo a ɛtɔ
- Aniwa kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ abufuw
Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ mu a, ebetumi ama ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne nso ayɛ kɛse , te sɛ:
- Ahomegye a ɛyɛ hu
- Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) .
- Ɔfe a ɛyɛ dry ne koko a ɛyɛ den
So nsunsu tuntum ma nkokoaa nya AIPH?
Dabi, nyansahu mu adanse biara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ sɛ obi nya nsunsu tuntum a, ɛde ‘Acute Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage’ (AIPH) ba nkokoaa mu. AIPH yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi a mogya tu wɔ ahurututu mu. Bio nso, adanse biara nnye nsɛm a wɔka sɛ nsunsu ne nkae a wɔhwere, mogya a wɔtaa tu fi hwene mu, nipadua mu yaw, anaa adwene mu haw ahorow bata ho no ntom. Yɛsrɛ sɛ mma ɛnhaw wo ho wɔ saa nsɛm yi ho.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na nsunsu tuntum nyin na ɛtrɛw?
Nkuku tuntum yɛ abɔde mu nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no fã. Ɛwɔ mmeae pii wɔ abɔnten. Sɛ wo fie ma wonya tebea a ɛfata a, ebetumi anyin wɔ dan mu nso—mpɛn pii no, wɔ aguaree, adan ase, adan a wɔhoro nneɛma, anaa mmeae a nsu fi mu. Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, ehia sɛ:
- Nsuo
- Oxygen a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma
- Ɛhɔ hyew yɛ digrii Fahrenheit 40 kosi 100 (digrii Celsius 4.4 kosi 38) .
- Cellulose fibea (sɛ nhwɛso no, drywall, krataa, nnua) .
Nwansena tuntum a ɛyɛ nwansena nketenkete no wɔ mframa no mu baabiara. Wɔnam mfɛnsere, apon, ne mframa a wɔde fa mu so hyɛn wo fie, anaasɛ wotu kwan kɔ wo ntade ne w’ayɛmmoa so. Sɛ saa nkwaboaa yi si fam wɔ baabi a ɛyɛ nwini pɛ a, wofi ase nyin kosi sɛ aniwa nkutoo betumi ahu.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ black mold allergy? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .
Sɛ wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ nsunsu tuntum ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Allergist nkyɛn kɔ si so dua. Ebia wobegyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pɔtee bi.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?
- Skin Prick Test: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔde black mold allergen ketewaa bi ba wo honam ani, mpɛn pii no denam wo nsa anaa w’akyi a wobɛtwetwe kakra so. Sɛ wowɔ allergy a, akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ yaw (wheal) bɛda adi wɔ bɛyɛ simma 15 mu. Wobetumi awie sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm yi wɔ nea ennu dɔnhwerew biako mu.
- IgE Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu: Yɛfa mogya ketewaa bi de susuw IgE antibodies dodow a wo nipadua no ayɛ wɔ nsunsu tuntum ho mmuaema mu. Mpɛn pii no, nea efi mu ba no gye bɛyɛ dapɛn biako. Ma ɛntra w’adwenem sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ama wɔanya nea ɛyɛ atoro, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia ɛbɛkyerɛ sɛ obi ho yɛ no hyew bere mpo a obi nni hɔ no.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa black mold allergy?
Bere a wontumi nsa akisikuru tuntum a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw no daa no, wubetumi adi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ho dwuma yiye .
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔfa nsunsu tuntum. Sɛ nsuo bi retu wɔ fie a, siesie no ntɛm ara. Yi nneɛma biara a ayɛ nsunsu fi hɔ.
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woaboa ma wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so atew no, wubetumi asusuw nea edidi so yi ho:
- Nsuo a wɔde gu hwene mu: Fa nkyene aduru hohoro wo hwene mu.
- Nnuru a wɔde ko tia histamine: Nnuru/syrup a wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu anaasɛ wɔkyerɛw ma obi de tew akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne so.
- Nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu: Nnuru a wɔde petepete anom de tew ɔfe a ɛwɔ hwene mu no so.
- Nnuru a wɔde siw hwene ano: Nnuru a wɔde ma anom a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no so tew (ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde eyinom di dwuma kakraa bi na ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma bere tenten).
- Montelukast aduru: Aduru a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde di dwuma ma akisikuru pɔtee bi ne ayamtu.
- Nnuru a wɔde home ayamtu: Wɔn a wɔwɔ ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛbata ho no fam.
Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne kɔ so wɔ saa ayaresa ahorow yi nyinaa akyi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa (allergy shots) .
So mfiri a wɔde tew mframa ho boa wɔ nsunsu tuntum ho?
Ɛde besi baabi. Mframa a wɔde tew mframa ho betumi aboa ma wɔayi nsunsu mu nkwaadɔm afi mframa mu , nanso wontumi nyi nsunsu a enyin wɔ nneɛma te sɛ afasu anaa ɔdan atifi no mfi hɔ.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn asɛe nsunsu tuntum ntɛm ara?
Nkuku a wubeyi afi wo fie no nyɛ nea ɛyɛ tẽẽ. Sɛ w’ankasa wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wubeyi afi hɔ a, wubetumi de wo ho ato asiane mu sɛ wobɛma mmoawa no ayɛ mframa, na ama wɔatrɛw akɔ wo fie mmeae afoforo. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara ne sɛ wubedi kan asiesie nsu a ɛretu no. Afei, fa afiri a HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter wom di dwuma na ama mmoawa a ɛwɔ mframa mu no so atew, kata dan a ɛka no so, na fa adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwumaden a wosiesie nsunsu.
So wuhia ‘detox’ bere a woada black mold adi akyi?
Nnipa pii gye di sɛ nsunsu ma awuduru boaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu na ‘detox’ ho hia. Nanso, aduruyɛ mu adanse biara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ awuduru a ɛwɔ nsunsu mu de nhyehyɛe mu nyarewa ba nnipa mu a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ ‘wɔyi awuduru fi mu.’ Ɔkwan a eye sen biara ne sɛ wubeyi wo ho afi baabi a nsunsu wɔ hɔ ara kwa na woahwehwɛ ayaresa wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ebia worehu ho.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya akisikuru tuntum ho no so? (Ayaresa a wɔde siw ano) .
Bere a wuntumi nsiw nsunsu a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ano koraa no, wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma yi de asiw nsunsu tuntum a ennyin wɔ wo fie ano :
- Fa nsu a ɛyɛ nwini a ɛwɔ wo fie no so tew . Fa yɛ wo botae sɛ wobɛma akɔ so ayɛ 30% ne 50% ntam.
- Siesie nsuo a ɛretu wɔ nsuo afiri, afasuo, anaa ɔdan atifi ntɛm ara.
- Yi nneɛma te sɛ kapet a ɛyɛ nwini, ntama, ntama, drywall, anaa ɔdan atifi nnua a ɛnyow koraa no na tow gu .
- Fa mframa a wɔde yi mframa fi mu di dwuma wɔ wo aguaree ne wo dan mu.
- Hwɛ hu sɛ wo HVAC nhyehyɛe no wɔ mframa a wɔde yiyi mu a ɛyɛ papa . Hwɛ sɛ nsu a ɛretu wɔ nhyehyɛe no mu na ma obi a onim adwuma yiye nsiesie no daa.
Sɛ wowɔ black mold allergy a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ?
Nwansena mu mmoawa wɔ baabiara wɔ yɛn nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu, enti wontumi nkwati koraa. Sɛ wode bere tra mmeae a nsunsu wɔ hɔ a, ebia wubehu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Nanso, sɛ wotew nsunsu a ebetumi anyin wɔ wo fie so a, wubetumi atew wo ho so kɛse . Sɛ wode nnuru a ɛfata di dwuma a, wubetumi adi wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no betumi aboa wo mpo ma woadu tebea a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mu.
Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ black mold allergy a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo titiriw anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ allergy ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn na ɔnkyerɛ sɛ woahu sɛ wowɔ no.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkɔ so daa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi ho yɛ no yaw wɔ nsunsu tuntum ho a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, titiriw sɛ ɛrenya wo da biara da asetra so nkɛntɛnso a .
Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo?
- Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi asi so dua sɛ mewɔ black mold allergy?
- Nnuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ me?
- Dɛn ne nnuru yi mu nsunsuanso bɔne?
- So ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru yi da biara, anaasɛ bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ada adi nkutoo?
- Sɛ mewɔ akwahosan ho tebea afoforo a, ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ midi ho dwuma ka saa akisikuru yi ho?
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda nsunsu tuntum ne nwansena ntam?
“Mildew” nyɛ nyansahu mu asɛmfua pɔtee. Ebinom de di dwuma de kyerɛkyerɛ nkekae a ɛwɔ soro a nsunsu de ba no mu, bere a afoforo de di dwuma de kyerɛ fungi ahorow pɔtee bi.
Black mold yɛ ntontom a enyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew na ɛhɔ yɛ nwini. Ne nkwaboaa no betumi ama wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ akisikuru, na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe, ahurututu, hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne aniwa kɔkɔɔ aba. Nanso, ɛntaa mma nnipa dodow no ara nya yare a emu yɛ den.
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata ne ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata.
Nirogi Lanka Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
Nsɛm a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ni:
- Nkuku tuntum yɛ nwansena a ɛyɛ frɔmfrɔm wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini. Ɛnka obiara wɔ ɔkwan koro so.
- Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ nsunsu ho a, asiane titiriw na ɛwɔ wo mu. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ ɔfe, ɔfe, akisikuru, anaa aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ.
- Nkuku tuntum nyɛ nea asiane wom kɛse fi awosu mu nsen nsunsu ahorow afoforo. Kwati ehu a ɛho nhia.
- Nsu a ɛwɔ dan mu a wɔbɛhwɛ so na wɔasiw nsunsu a enyin ano no yɛ ade titiriw. Siesie nsu a ɛretu na hwɛ hu sɛ mframa pa bɛkɔ mu.
- Hwɛ yiye bere a woreyi nsunsu afi hɔ no. Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, fa adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwumaden.
- Hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ma wohu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Ayaresa a etu mpɔn wɔ hɔ.
- ‘Detox’ titiriw biara ho nhia. Kwati nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia no ara kwa na woasa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no wɔ aduruyɛ akwankyerɛ ase.
Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi bɛboa. Sɛ woredi nsunsu ho nsɛm ho dwuma wɔ fie a, nsuro —tu anammɔn a ɛfata a wobɛyɛ ntɛm ara kwa.
Tags: Black Mold, nsunsu ahorow, fungi, akisikuru, akisikuru, ɔhome mu nyarewa, ofie mu nsu, Stachybotrys chartarum, nsunsu mu nkwaadɔm, nsunsu mu akisikuru
