Sɛ yɛne nnamfo bom a, sɛ yɛkɔ apontow ase a, yɛn mu bi wɔ hɔ a yɛasua sɛ "yɛbɛbow nsa kakra", ɛnte saa? Beer, bobesa kakra, anaa nsa a wɔde tow... Ɛmfa ho nea yɛnom biara no, ɛwɔ ɔkwan bi a ɛfa so yɛ adwuma wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. So woate 'Mogya mu Nsã a Ɛwɔ Mu' anaa `(BAC)` tiawa ho asɛm pɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛreka saa kwan yi a wɔfa so susuw nsa dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no ho asɛm. Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu sɛ woredwen w’akwahosan ne w’ahobammɔ ho a.
Dɛn ne Mogya mu Nsã a Ɛwɔ Mu (BAC) wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) yɛ nsa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.
Nsã biara te sɛ beer, bobesa, anaa nsa, wɔ ade bi a ɛma obi bow nsa a wɔfrɛ no `(ethyl alcohol)` anaa `(ethanol). Sɛ wonom nsa a, saa nsa yi kɔ mogya a efi wo yafunu ne wo dwensɔtwaa nketewa mu no mu ntɛmntɛm . Nanso nsa yɛ awuduru ma yɛn nipadua. Enti yɛn mmerɛbo yɛ adwuma de yi awuduru yi fi mogya no mu.
Nanso ɔhaw no ni. Yɛn mmerɛbo no wɔ anohyeto wɔ sɛnea ebetumi ayɛ nsa ho adwuma ntɛmntɛm no ho. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmerɛbo no tumi yɛ bɛyɛ anonne biako ho adwuma dɔnhwerew biara. Sɛ wonom nsa ntɛmntɛm sen saa a, wo mogya mu nsa dodow, anaa BAC, bɛkɔ soro. Ɛno ne bere a wote nka sɛ "wokorɔn."
Ɛwom mpo sɛ yɛka sɛ "asanom biako" de, nanso dodow bi wɔ hɔ:
- 12 ounces a wɔde beer ayɛ
- bobesa a ɛyɛ ounces 5
- Nsã a ɛyɛ den te sɛ arak ounces 1.5
Kae sɛ nsa a ɛwɔ beer ne nsa ahorow mu no betumi ayɛ soronko, enti eyi yɛ adwene a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ara kwa.
Nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aka wo BAC dodow:
- Nsã dodow ahe na wonom?
- Hwɛ sɛnea wonom nsa ntɛmntɛm.
- Aduan dodow a na wowɔ ansa na worenom nsa (BAC kɔ soro ntɛmntɛm bere a wonom a wo yafunu da mpan no).
- Wo mfe a woadi ne wo nipadua mu duru.
Dɛn na ɛba yɛn nipadua a BAC dodow wɔ mu no so?
Nsã yɛ ade a ɛma nipadua no ntini yɛ adwuma yiye. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛma yɛn amemene ne yɛn nipadua no dwumadi brɛ ase. Enti bere a nsa dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu (BAC) kɔ soro no, nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ yɛn nipadua ne yɛn adwene so no nso sesa.
Yebetumi ate eyi ase yiye afi pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.
| BAC dodow (%) . | Nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ nipadua ne adwene so |
|---|---|
| 0.0% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Nsã biara nni nipadua no mu koraa (m’adwene mu da hɔ koraa). |
| 0.02% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Ebia wo nkate bɛsakra kakra, wobɛte nka sɛ wo tirim yɛ hare, na sɛnea wutumi si gyinae no so bɛtew kakra. |
| 0.05% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ woanhyehyɛ wo ho yiye, wuntumi mfa w’adwene nsi biribi so yiye, na wuntumi nsi gyinae yiye. |
| 0.08% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Ntini a wɔde di dwuma no nyɛ papa, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu asiane ahorow, na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobesusuw nneɛma ho yiye. (Eyi ne mmara kwan so anohyeto a ɛfa karka ho wɔ aman pii mu, a Sri Lanka ka ho). |
| 0.10% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Ahoɔhare a wɔde bua asɛm no yɛ brɛoo, nkɔmmɔbɔ no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ahoɔhare a wɔde susuw nneɛma ho no brɛ ase. |
| 0.15% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Adwene mu nsakrae, akisikuru ne ɔfe, kari pɛ a ɛyera ne ntini a ɛhwɛ so. |
| 0.15% - 0.30% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, ɔfe, nna a ɛtra so. |
| 0.30% - 0.40% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | Wɔ saa gyinabea yi mu no, ‘nsa mu awuduru’ ba. Eyi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Ebia wobɛhwere w’adwene. |
| Bɛboro 0.40% . | Eyi yɛ ade a edi awu. Ebetumi ama obi akɔda, ɔhome agyae, na owu mpo. |
Nnipa binom abɛyɛ wɔn su sɛ wɔbɛnom nsa daa. Wɔwɔ nea yɛfrɛ no ‘abodwokyɛre’. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔrente nka bio sɛ wɔabow nsa te sɛ kan no. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ wɔn mogya mu nsa dodow (BAC) sua. Ɛwom mpo sɛ wɔnte nka sɛ wɔabow nsa de, nanso ɔhaw ne asiane a ɛwɔ wɔn nipadua so no da so ara wɔ hɔ.
Tebea bɛn mu na wɔyɛ BAC sɔhwɛ?
Ebia ntease ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ BAC sɔhwɛ.
- Aduruyɛ mu ntease ahorow: Sɛ obi yare denneennen bere a wanom nsa pii wɔ bere tiaa bi mu akyi a, nnuruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de ahu sɛ ɛyɛ nsa a awuduru wom anaa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde onipa a ɔte saa kɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Nsa a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho Hwɛ: Wɔde sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ ebia obi de nsa redi dwuma bere a wɔreyɛ nsa a ɔde resa no yare no anaa.
- Wɔ adwumam: Ahyehyɛde ahorow bi betumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ yi bere a wɔrefa adwumayɛfo foforo, bere a wɔreyɛ adwuma, anaa bere a akwanhyia bi asi wɔ adwumam akyi no.
- Mmara mu nsɛm: Eyi yɛ biribi a yɛte bere nyinaa. BAC nhwehwɛmu yɛ ahyɛde wɔ mmara mu nsɛm mu, te sɛ bere a kar akwanhyia asi, bere a polisifo hwɛ sɛ wɔreka kar a wɔabow nsa, ne bere a wɔkyere mmofra nkumaa sɛ wɔrenom nsa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi?
Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye, te sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no ara pɛ. Mpɛn pii no, aduruyɛdan mu mfiridwumayɛfo na ɔyɛ eyi.
1. Wɔbɛtena akongua so na wɔahu ntini bi a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛtwe mogya afi mu. Mpɛn pii no, ɛbɛyɛ wo nsateaa mu.
2. Sɛ wohu ntini no wie a, wɔhohoro baabi a ɛwɔ no yiye na wɔde aduru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa gu so.
3. Afei wɔde ade ketewaa bi hyɛ ntini no mu na wɔfa mogya. Wobɛte nka sɛ woabɔ wo akuturuku ketewaa bi.
4. Sɛ wɔfa mogya dodow a ɛho hia ma nhwehwɛmu no wie a, woyi ade no na wɔde kotoku bi mia baabi a ɛwɔ no.
5. Awiei koraa no, wɔde plaster ketewaa bi gu beae no na wowie adwuma no.
Adeyɛ no nyinaa gye nea ennu simma anum. Afei wɔde mogya no kɔ aduruyɛdan mu kɔhwɛ nea efi mu ba.
Hwehwɛ sɔhwɛ no mu aba ho nsɛm
Nea efi sɔhwɛ amanneɛbɔ no mu ba no betumi aba akwan horow pii so. Nea ɛtaa ba ne sɛ BAC ɔha biara mu nkyem 100. Sɛ nhwɛso no, 0.03% BAC .
Ɛtɔ da bi a ebetumi apue sɛ "adepa" anaa "adebɔne." Eyi kyerɛ sɛ na nsa wɔ wo mogya mu anaasɛ na enni hɔ.
Nea ɛho hia no, nea efi BAC sɔhwɛ yi mu ba no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ nnɔnhwerew 6 kosi 12 akyi wɔ wo nsa a etwa to no akyi. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa nea afi mu aba no ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa .
Mmara kwan so gyinabea ne dɛn?
Wɔ aman pii a ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa, a Sri Lanka ka ho mu no, nsa dodow a ɛsen biara a mmara ma ho kwan sɛ wɔde bɛka kar wɔ mogya mu no yɛ 0.08% BAC . Eyi yɛ ade ketewaa bi pɛ. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ bere a woanom beer biako mpo akyi no, wo BAC dodow no da so ara betumi aboro saa anohyeto yi so.
Enti, esiane biribiara nti, nnom nsa na nka kar da. Ɛyɛ asiane kɛse ma wo nkwa ne nnipa a wɔn ho nni asɛm wɔ kwan so asetra.
Ebia nsa a wɔnom brɛoo no renyɛ ɔhaw mma obi a wadi mfe a ɛfata. Nanso nsa a wɔnom boro so anaa mpɛn pii no betumi de akwahosan ho asiane kɛse aba. Sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ wo nsanom ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa . Yɛbɛbom ayɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma ama wo.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) yɛ nsa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.
- Yɛn mmerɛbo tumi yɛ nsa bɛyɛ biako pɛ ho adwuma dɔnhwerew biara. Sɛ wonom nsa ntɛmntɛm a, ɛbɛma wo BAC dodow akɔ soro.
- Wɔ BAC dodow a ɛba fam koraa mpo mu no, wo gyinaesi tumi ne w’adwene a wode si biribi so no sɛe. Nnipa dodow a wɔkorɔn no de wɔn nkwa mpo to asiane mu.
- Mma nnom nsa na nka kar da. Mmara kwan so anohyeto no sua koraa.
- Sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ wo nsanom anaa obi a wunim no de ho a, wo ne oduruyɛfo nkasa mfa ho.
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