So ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ wɔ nufu mu kokoram ho, sen sɛ yebesuro?

Sɛ yɛte asɛmfua "kokoram" a, ehu hyɛ yɛn mu pii ma. Wɔn mu no, sɛ yɛte asɛmfua nufu mu kokoram a, yɛn mmea no haw wɔn titiriw. Nanso ehu nyɛ ano aduru a eye sen biara. Mmom no, eyi a yɛbɛte ase na yɛahu no ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a yɛbɛfa so abɔ yɛn ho ban. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nufu mu kokoram ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ adamfofa su so.

So nufu mu kokoram yɛ ade koro ma obiara? Anaasɛ ɛsono emu biara?

Dabi, sɛ yɛbɛka no katee a, ɛnyɛ obiara na onya nufu mu kokoram ɔkwan koro so. Nufu mu kokoram ahorow, anaa nketewa ahorow, wɔ hɔ. Nnuruyɛfo gyina protein (receptors) bi a ɛboa ma kokoram nkwammoaa no nyin anaasɛ wonni bi so kyekyɛ saa ahorow yi mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, kokoram nkwammoaa bi te sɛ mmofra nkumaa a ɔkɔm de wɔn. Wohia nneɛma te sɛ hormone a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu sɛ "aduan" na ama wɔanyin.

Nkwammoaa a ɛma wogye nneɛma no gu ahorow atitiriw abien:

1. Nkwammoaa a ɛma nipadua no nya ahoɔden (HR): Eyinom ne mmea nkwaadɔm a wɔfrɛ no estrogen ne progesterone . Sɛ saa ntini ahorow yi wɔ kokoram nkwammoaa so a, saa nkwaadɔm yi boa ma kokoram no nyin.

2. HER2 receptor: Eyi yɛ protein foforo a wɔfrɛ no `(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2).` Sɛ eyi da adi boro so wɔ kokoram nkwammoaa so a, kokoram no betumi anyin ntɛmntɛm.

Wɔkyekyɛ kokoram ahorow mu a egyina sɛ ebia wɔwɔ saa ntini ahorow yi anaasɛ enni bi so. Momma yɛnhwɛ ahorow atitiriw no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na awosu mu nneɛma ka kokoram?

Nnipa binom susuw sɛ, "Obiara nni m'awo ntoatoaso mu a na ɔwɔ bi, enti ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a mɛfa so anya bi." Nanso ɛno nyɛ nokware koraa. Nanso, awosu mu nkɛntɛnso bi nso wɔ hɔ a efi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so.

Awosu mu nkwaadɔm soronko bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛhwɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa mu paapae so. Sɛ nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae bi ba saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu a, nkwammoaa betumi afi ase akyekyɛ a wontumi nni so na wɔanya kokoram. Awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wonim no yiye a ɛne nufu mu kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ ne BRCA1 ne BRCA2 . Ɔbea a ɔwɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu nsakrae no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya nufu mu kokoram (ne awotwaa mu kokoram) sen afoforo.

Bio nso, wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm afoforo dodow bi ho, te sɛ `TP53` ne `PALB2`. Bere a nyansahu renya nkɔso no, yebetumi anya ayaresa a eye sen biara ama eyinom.

So yɛn asetra kwan ka asiane?

Yiw, koraa. Ɛnyɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm nko, na mmom yɛn asetra kwan nso nya nufu mu kokoram ho asiane no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ yebenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse bere a yɛfa aman a wɔanya nkɔso asetra kwan no. Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Kɛse mmoroso: Sɛ nipadua mu srade kɔ soro, titiriw bere a obi agyae brayɛ akyi a, estrogen dodow kɔ soro. Eyi yɛ asiane a ɛde HR + kokoram ahorow ba.
• Aduan a ɛmfata: Sɛ wudi aduan a nnuan a wɔayɛ, nam kɔkɔɔ, asikre, ne srade pii wom a, ɛma asiane no yɛ kɛse. Aduan a nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, ne aburow a wɔayam pii womƐboa ma kokoram ho asiane so tew .
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔnyɛ: Nnipa a wɔtra ase tra ase no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sen wɔn a wɔbɔ bra a ɛyɛ nnam no.
• Nufu a wɔmfa mma: Adanse a emu da hɔ wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nufu a wɔma no no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛna no benya nufu mu kokoram no so tew.
• Nsã a wɔnom: Nsa a wɔnom nso yɛ ade titiriw a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse .

Dɛn nti na sɛ obi hu ntɛm a, egye nkwa?

Ebia nkrasɛm a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ asɛm yi mu ne sɛ: Ɛmfa ho sɛnea nufu mu kokoram yɛ hu no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ sɛ wohu ntɛm a, wobetumi asa koraa . Ɛyɛ bere a ɛkyɛ nkutoo na tebea no mu yɛ den.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wohu kokoram ntɛm, bere a ɛwɔ nufu no mu nkutoo (mpɔtam hɔ fã) a, mfe 5 a wɔde tra ase no boro 95% . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nnipa 100 biara mu 95 benya nkwa yiye.

Nanso, sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ (ɔmantam fã) a, saa ɔha biara mu nkyem yi bɛyɛ 85%. Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, sɛ wohu kokoram no bere a atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ mmerɛbo, ahurututu, ne amemene (akyirikyiri fã) akyi a, saa ɔha biara mu nkyem yi so tew kodu 30%.

Enti dɛn nti na yɛtwentwɛn yɛn nan ase? Ɛtɔ da bi a, esiane ehu, aniwu, adwene a ɛne sɛ, "Ɛyɛ akuru ketewaa bi kɛkɛ, ɛbɛyɛ yiye wɔ n'ankasa mu," anaasɛ esiane nimdeɛ a yenni nti, yɛtwentwɛn yɛn nan ase sɛ yɛbɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɛno ne mfomso kɛse a yedi.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ?

• Wo ankasa Nufu mu Nhwehwɛmu: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, hwɛ wo nufu mu pɛnkoro ɔsram biara. Sɛ wuhu sɛ akuru bi, wo honam ani sesa, wo nipadua sesa, anaasɛ nsu fi nufu no mu ba a, hwɛ yiye ntɛm ara.
• Hwɛ wo duruyɛfo: Sɛ woadi boro mfe 40 na wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na sɛ ɛho hia a, yɛ wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu. Mammogram tumi hu akuru nketenkete mpo a yentumi nte nka.
• Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu: Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi a, mma wo ho nnpopo na mfa wo ho nhintaw. Ɛnyɛ akuru a ɛwɔ nufu no mu nyinaa na ɛyɛ kokoram. Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ oduruyɛfo si gyinae sɛ ebia ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Enti sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa kakra mpo a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Mprempren ayaresa a wobetumi apaw no anya nkɔso kɛse. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi apaw, te sɛ oprehyɛn, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, ne ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so. Wo duruyɛfo na ɔbɛkyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ worentwentwɛn ayaresa no ase.