Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne dadwen kakra nka bere a wuhu sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu, ebia wo maame, wo nuabea, anaa wo babea, anya nufu mu kokoram no. "Sɛ na wɔwɔ bi a, so me nso menya?" Ebia woresusuw ho. So abusuabɔ bi wɔ nufu mu kokoram ne yɛn awosu mu nkwaadɔm ntam ankasa? Yiw, abusuabɔ bi wɔ hɔ kodu baabi. Nanso ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛnea yesusuw no. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri na yɛnka nnɛ ara kwa.
Nea edi kan no, momma yɛnte nea ‘gene’ kyerɛ ase.
Okay, eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Fa no sɛ yɛn nipadua yɛ ɔdan kɛse. Nkwammoaa biara a ɛwɔ ɔdan yi mu te sɛ birikisi. Enti birikisi yi mu biara wɔ akwankyerɛ nhoma kɛse bi a wɔakyerɛw afa sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn ade ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ ho. Saa akwankyerɛ nhoma no ne nea yɛfrɛ no awosu mu nkwaadɔm . Eyinom yɛ asinasin nketenkete a wɔde biribi a wɔfrɛ no DNA ayɛ.
Saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi bɛboro 20,000 na ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa biara mu. Yenya saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu biara abien, biako fi yɛn maame hɔ na biako fi yɛn papa hɔ. Enti ɛnyɛ nneɛma te sɛ yɛn honam ani kɔla ne yɛn ti nhwi nwene nko na saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi di so, na mmom sɛnea yɛn nkwammoaa nyin na ɛyɛ adwuma nso.
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nsakrae nketenkete ne mfomso betumi aba wɔ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu. Yɛfrɛ saa nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi . Wo de susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ krataa biako a ɛwɔ saa akwankyerɛ nhoma no kratafa biako so no yɛ mfomso a, dɛn na ɛba? Akwankyerɛ no nyinaa sesa, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛba bere a mutation bi ba wɔ awosu mu abɔde bi mu no. Ebetumi asakra sɛnea nkwammoaa no yɛ adwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ.
Dɛn ne awosu mu nkwaadɔm atitiriw a ɛne nufu mu kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ?
Ɛwom sɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm pii wɔ hɔ a ɛne nufu mu kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ de, nanso abien a ɛho hia sen biara na wɔka ho asɛm ne awosu mu nkwaadɔm BRCA1 ne BRCA2 .
Mpɛn pii no, saa BRCA awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien yi ho hia yɛn nipadua yiye. Wɔn adwuma ne sɛ wobesiw kokoram ano. Wɔte sɛ yɛn nkwammoaa so ahwɛfo. Sɛ nkwammoaa bɔ mmɔden sɛ ebenyin a wontumi nni so a, protein ahorow a saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi yɛ no fi adi na esiw ano.
Nanso, sɛ wunya BRCA1 anaa BRCA2 awosu mu abɔde a wɔayɛ no foforo fi wo maame anaa wo papa hɔ a, ahobammɔ a ɛwɔ mu no so tew. Eyi ma hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ saa nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ no benyin a wontumi nni so na abɛyɛ kokoram, anaasɛ asiane no yɛ kɛse. Nufu mu kokoram a wonya fi awo mu no bɛyɛ 20% kosi 25% fi nsakrae a ɛba BRCA awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu .
Nokwasɛm ahorow a ɛma adwenem naayɛ sɔre sɛ ebia eyi yɛ awosu mu asiane anaa
Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram na ɔwɔ awosu mu su yi. Nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama woanya adwene kakra. Sɛ nea edidi so yi mu biara fa wo ho a, ebia wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae bi a ɛne nufu mu kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa eyi ho.
| Asiane a Ɛde Ba | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Nufu mu kokoram a wobehu ansa na wɔadi mfe 45 . | Ebia kokoram a ɛba wɔ ne mmofraase no bɛyɛ awosu mu nkɛntɛnso ho sɛnkyerɛnne. |
| Abusua no mufo pii anya nufu anaa awotwaa mu kokoram. | Sɛ nnipa pii te sɛ wo maame, wo nuabea, wo maame nuabea, wo nanabea, nyaa nyarewa yi a. |
| Wɔahu sɛ wowɔ awotwaa mu kokoram . | BRCA awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya awotwaa mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse. |
| Abusua no muni barima bi anya nufu mu kokoram anaasɛ wanya bi. | Esiane sɛ nufu mu kokoram ho yɛ na wɔ mmarima mu nti, ɛkyerɛ awosu mu abusuabɔ bi a emu yɛ den. |
| Kokoram a wohu wɔ nufu abien no nyinaa mu (Bilateral Breast Cancer). | Kokoram ba nufu biako mu, afei kokoram ba nufu foforo no mu. |
| Nufu mu Kokoram a Ɛyɛ Triple Negative a Wohu ansa na wɔadi mfe 60. | Eyi yɛ nufu mu kokoram soronko bi a ano yɛ den a ɛne BRCA1 mu nsakrae no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so?
Fa no sɛ na wo maame anaa wo papa wɔ BRCA awosu mu abɔde a wɔayɛ no foforo yi a. Afei wowɔ 50% hokwan sɛ wobɛnya. Te sɛ nea wobɛdannan sika no, 50% hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ti anaa dua. Sɛ wonya saa gene no a, wo mma nso wɔ hokwan 50% sɛ wobenya bi.
Nanso ade a ɛho hia wɔ ha ne sɛ sɛ obi wɔ saa awosu mu abɔde a wɔayɛ no foforo yi wɔ nipadua no mu ara kwa a ɛnkyerɛ sɛ obiara benya kokoram . Ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no yɛ kɛse ara kwa.
Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ saa awosu mu nsakrae yi mu?
Ɔbaa a ɔnya BRCA1 awosuo mu nkwaadɔm a wɔayɛ no foforɔ no wɔ asiane 55% kɔsi 65% sɛ ɔbɛnya nufu mu kokoram berɛ a wadi mfeɛ 70. Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ BRCA2 awosuo mu nkwaadɔm a ɛsakra no fam no, asiane yi bɛyɛ 45%.
Wɔ asiane yi akyi no, nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ:
- Kokoram wɔ ne mmofraase: Mpɛn pii no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no yɛ kɛse ansa na wagyae brayɛ .
- Kokoram a ɛto so abien: Obi a ɔwɔ BRCA awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae no wɔ asiane a ɛkɔ soro sɛ obenya nufu mu kokoram a ɛto so abien (kokoram foforo a ɛyɛ soronko) bere a wɔasa kokoram a ɛwɔ nufu biako mu akyi.
- Kokoram ho asiane afoforo: Saa awosu mu nsakrae yi ma ɛnyɛ nufu mu kokoram nko na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse, na mmom awotwaa mu kokoram nso titiriw. Wɔ mmarima mu no, wobetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya prostate kokoram ne dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram nso ayɛ kɛse.
Hena na ɔyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu?
Mprempren wɔreyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛ nsakrae bi aba saa BRCA1 ne BRCA2 awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu anaa. Nanso eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ mma obiara.
Mpɛn pii no, wɔkamfo awosu mu nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ asiane ahorow a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ, te sɛ abusua abakɔsɛm a emu yɛ den nkutoo. Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso betumi aboa ma wɔahu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɔbea a wanya nufu mu kokoram dedaw benya kokoram a ɛto so abien anaa awotwaa mu kokoram.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wusi gyinae sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛte sɛɛ anaasɛ worennyɛ bere a wo ne wo duruyɛfo abɔ nkɔmmɔ a edi mũ akyi.Ɔde afotu a eye sen biara a egyina w’abusua abakɔsɛm, wo mfe a woadi, ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛde asiane ba so bɛma wo. Wubetumi nso ne wo duruyɛfo asusuw nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu aba ho (e.g., nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ, oprehyɛn a ɛtew asiane so).
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nufu mu kokoram kakraa bi fi awosu mu nneɛma. Esiane sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu wɔ bi nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wubenya bi.
- BRCA1 ne BRCA2 yɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi kokoram ho. Nsakrae a ɛba saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu no betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no ayɛ kɛse.
- Sɛ wowɔ awosu mu abɔde a wɔayɛ no foforo a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ hokwan 100% sɛ wubenya kokoram, nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no kɔ soro.
- Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa dadwen bi wɔ w’abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu anaa awotwaa mu kokoram ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho.
- Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu nyɛ biribi a wɔyɛ ma obiara. Oduruyɛfo na ohu n’ahiade bere a wahwɛ w’ankasa ne w’abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm mu awie no.
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