Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no te dɛn? Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm (Nufu mu Kokoram Asiane Nhwehwɛmu)!

Wo ho te sɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka asɛmti bi a ɛho hia mmaa bebree paa, na ɛyɛ hu kakra ho asɛm. Ɛno ne nufu mu kokoram ho asiane ho nhwehwɛmu. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi ntumi nkyerɛ wo yiye sɛ wowɔ kokoram anaasɛ wunni bi. Nanso ebetumi aboa wo ma woate nea asiane a ɛwɔ wo mu no ase.

Dɛn ne Nufu mu Kokoram Asiane Ho Nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahwɛ hokwan a wowɔ, anaa nea ebetumi aba sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram wɔ w’asetra mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ aman bi mu no, mmea baawɔtwe biara mu bɛyɛ biako benya nufu mu kokoram wɔ ne nkwa nna mu. Enti, saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa wo ma woanya adwene a ɛyɛ den sɛ ebia woka wɔn ho, anaasɛ asiane a wowɔ no sõ anaasɛ ɛba fam sen onipa a ɔte hɔ no.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, eyi nkyerɛ sɛ "wubenya kokoram" anaasɛ "worennya." Ɛkyerɛ asiane kɛse a wode toto afoforo a wo mfe ne wo fibea ho ara kwa. Mprempren, wɔayɛ akwan yi ama mmea. Wɔmfa nni dwuma mfa nsusuw asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mmarima benya nufu mu kokoram.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na asiane ho nhwehwɛmu nhwɛso ahorow yi yɛ adwuma?

Mprempren akwan a ɛte saa a wɔfa so hwehwɛ asiane mu bɛyɛ aduonu anan na ɛwɔ hɔ. Eyinom mu dodow no ara wɔ hɔ sɛ nsɛmmisa kratasin wɔ Intanɛt so. Wubetumi abua nsɛmmisa yi wɔ simma du kakraa bi mu. Wogyina wo mmuae so bu nkontabuo bi gyina asiane a ɛwɔ wo mu so . Asiane bi ne biribi a ɛma hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wubenya yare bi, titiriw nufu mu kokoram, yɛ kɛse wɔ saa bere yi mu.

Enti dɛn ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde asiane ba yi?

Ma yɛnhwɛ nneɛma a ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nufu mu kokoram no ayɛ kɛse.

• Mfe a obi adi: Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nufu mu kokoram no kɔ soro nkakrankakra bere a obi nyin no.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu mu kokoram ho: Sɛ abusua muni bi a ɔbɛn no (busuani a odi kan), te sɛ wo maame, wo nuabea, anaa wo babea anya nufu mu kokoram, anaasɛ abusua no mufo pii anya bi a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae: Ebia nnipa binom benya nsakrae bi wɔ wɔn awosu mu. Titiriw no, nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm `(BRCA1)` ne `(BRCA2)` mu no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse.
• Abusuakuw/abusuakuw: Mmusuakuw bi wɔ asiane kɛse mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wofi Ashkenazi Yudafo abusua mu no taa nya nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae wɔ `(BRCA1)` anaa `(BRCA2)` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram.
• Nufu a ɛyɛ den: Mmea binom wɔ ntini a ɛyɛ nhama ne ntini a ɛyɛ ntini pii wɔ wɔn nufu mu, na srade nso sua. Wɔfrɛ eyinom nufu a ɛyɛ den.Wɔn a wɔwɔ bi no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sen wɔn a wɔwɔ srade pii no.
• Nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔadi kan ayɛ: Sɛ woadi kan ayɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu na nea efii mu bae no kyerɛe sɛ nkwammoaa nyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so, te sɛ atypical hyperplasia , a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Nkwammoaa a wɔde di dwuma: Sɛ wunya nkwaadɔm a wɔfrɛ no estrogen ne progesterone pii wɔ wo nipadua mu bere tenten a, ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse. Eyi betumi afi hormone ahorow a wo nipadua no yɛ fi awosu mu (a ɛfa brayɛ ho), anaasɛ ebetumi afi nnuru bi a wonom. Sɛ nhwɛso no, awo ano aduru bi ne hormone replacement therapy (HRT) nso betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no ayɛ kɛse.
• Mfe a obi adi wɔ brayɛ mu: Sɛ wufii ase baa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu wɔ wo mmofraase pɛɛ (menarche) , a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no anya hormone ahorow bere tenten. Eyi nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Mfe a obi adi bere a woagyae brayɛ: Afei nso, sɛ wo bra, anaasɛ wo bratwa , sii akyiri sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no kɔ soro esiane sɛ wode wo ho hyɛ mu bere tenten nti.
• Awo ho abakɔsɛm: Mmea a wonnyaa mma da no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sen wɔn a wɔanya mma no. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ wɔn brayɛ mu nna pii na wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ hormone mu bere tenten. Afei nso, sɛ woawo ba, titiriw sɛ wowoo wo ba a odi kan ansa na wadi mfe 35 , asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no sua. Dodow a wowo mma no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ ma abofra biara no sua.

Nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ asiane ahorow yi nyinaa na ɛho hia pɛpɛɛpɛ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, bere a asiane no kɔ soro kakra bere a obi nyin no, obi a ɔwɔ ``(BRCA1)`` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae betumi anya asiane kɛse 60% sɛ obenya nufu mu kokoram. Saa nneɛma yi mu biako mpo betumi de wo akɔto asiane kɛse mu.

Akwan ahorow a wɔfa so hwehwɛ asiane mu no susuw saa nneɛma yi ho wɔ ɔkwan soronko so na ɛma ɛsono emu duru. Ma yɛnhwɛ akwan a wɔtaa fa so yɛ adwuma no bi.

Dɛn ne asiane nhwehwɛmu nhwɛso ahorow a wɔtaa de di dwuma?

Ɛwom sɛ akwan horow wɔ hɔ de, nanso yɛbɛka akwan titiriw kakraa bi ho asɛm.

1. Gail nhwɛso (Gail nhwɛso - BCRAT) .

Eyi ne ɔkwan a agye din sen biara. Ɛyɛ Ɔman Kokoram Asoɛe (Ɔman Kokoram Asoɛe) sɔhwɛ ahorow no mu biako. Wɔsan frɛ no (BCRAT) . Wodii kan de bae wɔ 1989. Ɛhwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nufu mu kokoram a ɛyɛ hu wɔ mfe anum a edi hɔ no mu ne bere a wadi mfe 90. Wobetumi ayɛ no bɛyɛ simma anum.

Nsɛmmisa a wobisa wɔ ha ne:

• wo mfe a woadi.
• Wo abusuakuw/abusuakuw.
• Abakɔsɛm a ɛfa mma a wɔwo ho.
• Nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔadi kan ayɛ.
• Mfe a obi adi bere a ofi brayɛ ase.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu mu kokoram ho.

Sɛ wo mfeɛ anum asiane no yɛ 1.67% anaa nea ɛboro saa a, wobu wo sɛ "asiane kɛseɛ." Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru te sɛ tamoxifen ne raloxifene na aboa ma kokoram ho asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so atew. Nanso saa kwan yi nyɛ adwuma mma obiara. Sɛ woanya nufu mu kokoram pɛn, anaasɛ wunim sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛma asiane no yɛ kɛse a, ɔkwan yi nyɛ nea wotumi de ho to so saa.

2. IBIS nhwɛsoɔ (IBIS - Tyrer-Cuzik nhwɛsoɔ) .

Saa kwan yi hwɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ obi benya kokoram wɔ mfe 10 a edi hɔ no mu anaa ne nkwa nna nyinaa mu.

Nneɛma a wote wɔ eyi mu:

• Mfe a obi adi, abusuakuw/abusuakuw.
• Nufu a ɛyɛ den.
• Abakɔsɛm a ɛfa mma a wɔwo ho.
• Nipadua mu Nsõ Ho Nsɛnkyerɛnne (BMI).
• Nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔadi kan ayɛ.
• Abakɔsɛm a ɛfa awotwaa mu kokoram ho.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu mu kokoram ho.
• Mfe a brayɛ fii ase na egyaee.
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) a wɔde di dwuma.
• Nimdeɛ a ɛfa sɛ ebia `(BRCA1)` anaa `(BRCA2)` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae bi wɔ hɔ.

Te sɛ Gale nhwɛso no, eyi nyɛ adwuma mma nnipa a wɔanya nufu mu kokoram pɛn. Wo duruyɛfo betumi agyina nea afi mu aba yi so asi mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ BRCA awosu mu nhwehwɛmu ho gyinae.

3. BCSC Asiane Ho Akontaabu (Nufu mu Kokoram Ho Nhwehwɛmu Kuw no Asiane Ho Akontaabu) .

Eyi hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nufu mu kokoram a ɛba nipadua mu wɔ mfe anum a edi hɔ no mu anaasɛ nufu mu kokoram a ɛkɔ mmeae afoforo wɔ mfe asia a edi hɔ no mu. `Metastatic` kokoram yɛ kokoram a efi ase wɔ nufu mu na ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no afã afoforo.

Nsɛmmisa a wobisa wɔ ha no te sɛ nea atwam no. Mfe a obi adi, abusuakuw, nufu a ɛyɛ den, mmofra dodow, BMI, nea efii biopsy mu bae dedaw, kokoram ho abakɔsɛm (ankorankoro ne abusua), mfe a obi adi bere a woregyae brayɛ, HRT a wode di dwuma, ne nea ɛkeka ho Saa nea efi mu ba yi betumi aboa wo ma woasi mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ mammogram ho gyinae.

4. BRCAPRO a ɛwɔ hɔ

Saa kwan yi titiriw hwɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ wowɔ `(BRCA1)` anaa `(BRCA2)` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae.

Eyi bebisa nsɛm afa w’abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu anaa awotwaa mu kokoram ho. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ:

• Mfe a wɔadi bere a wohuu kokoram no.
• Mfe a wɔadi mprempren (anaa mfe a wɔadi bere a wowuwui).
• Abusuakuw/abusuakuw (titiriw Ashkenazi Yudafo abusua mu).
• Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa kokoram ho aba (te sɛ `(BRCA1, BRCA2)`).
• Sɛ ebia woayɛ oprehyɛn a ɛfa kokoram ho (`(mastectomy)` - nufu a woyi, `(oophorectomy)` - ovary a woyi).

Nea afi mu aba yi betumi akyerɛ wo sɛ ebia ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu anaa.

5. BOADICEA (CanRisk adwinnade) .

Eyi, te sɛ BRCAPRO, gyina abusua abakɔsɛm ne awosu mu nsɛm so. Ɛhwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nufu mu kokoram ne awotwaa mu kokoram nso. Intanɛt so adwinnade bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no CanRisk. Ɛsan bisa mfe a obi adi, BMI, nufu a ɛyɛ den, awo, awo ano aduru a wɔde di dwuma, mfe a obi adi bere a ɔbea no rekɔ brayɛ mu, abusua mu kokoram ho abakɔsɛm, ne awosu mu nsakrae ho nimdeɛ. Eyi nso boa ma wohu sɛ ebia awosu mu nhwehwɛmu ho hia ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ sɔhwɛ nhyehyɛe no yɛ.

6. BWHS Nufu mu Kokoram Asiane Ho Nkontaabu (Abibifo Mmea Akwahosan Ho Adesua Nufu mu Kokoram Asiane Ho Nkontaabu) .

Wɔayɛ eyi ama mmea abibifo titiriw, efisɛ abusuakuw ne abusuakuw a wofi mu yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia a ɛbɛma wɔahu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram. Ɛho hia sɛ wususuw sɛnea wo abusuakuw/abusuakuw ka wo asiane nkontaahyɛde bere a woresusuw asiane a wowɔ ho no. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, eyi nso bisa nneɛma te sɛ mfe a woadi, BMI, awo, biopsy abakɔsɛm, awo ano aduru, mfe a obi adi wɔ brayɛ mu, abusua abakɔsɛm, ne sɛ ebia wɔayi wo mmadwoa afi hɔ anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no de nea efi mu ba yi di dwuma?

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne dadwen nka sɛ woyɛ intanɛt so nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyi na wuhu sɛ wowɔ "asiane kɛse mu." Nanso mfa saa nneɛma a efi mu ba no nsi gyinae. Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw ho. Nea ebefi mu aba yi bɛboa wo duruyɛfo no ma wayɛ sɛnea ɔbɛhwɛ wo nufu akwahosan so, ahu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ntɛm, na wafi ase sa yare no ho nhyehyɛe.

Ɛdenam nea ebefi mu aba so no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nufu mu kokoram nhwehwɛmu (e.g., mammograms) ntɛm na mpɛn pii sen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no.
• Awosu mu afotu betumi aboa wo ma woahu sɛ ebia wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae bi a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse anaa. Sɛ wunim dedaw sɛ wowɔ bi a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woate sɛnea ebetumi aka w’akwahosan ne w’abusua ase (sɛ nhwɛso no, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ abofra benya awosu mu abɔde no).
• Wobetumi akyerɛw nnuru te sɛ tamoxifen ne raloxifene de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram no so.
• Sɛ asiane no sõ yiye a, wobetumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ prophylactic mastectomy (nufu no a wobeyi ansa na kokoram aba). Eyi betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no so kɛse.

Asiane ho nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi yɛ nea wotumi de ho to so dɛn?

Ahotosoɔ a ɛwɔ saa nhwehwɛmu akwan yi mu no gyina data ahodoɔ a wɔde yɛɛ no ​​so. Saa akwan yi boaboa nsɛm ano fi nnipa a wɔanya kokoram hɔ na wɔde wɔn asiane ahorow toto asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ onipa a ɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no mu no ho. Nanso, nnipa dodow ho nsɛm ntumi nyɛ nokware 100% wɔ obiara ankasa akwahosan ho nkɔmhyɛ mu. Ɛmfa ho sɛnea asiane ahorow pii di nsɛ no, nnipa baanu biara nni hɔ a wɔyɛ pɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ da.

Anohyeto ahorow no bi ni:

• Nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ data mu sɛnea abusuakuw/abusuakuw te:Ɛdenam nnipa dodow ho nsɛm a wɔde yɛɛ akontaabu so no, ebia nea ebefi mu aba no mfa wo ho kɛse. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔaboaboa nufu mu kokoram ho nsɛm ano mpɛn pii afi aborɔfo a wɔnyɛ Hispanicfo hɔ. Ɛwom sɛ mprempren wɔboaboa mmusuakuw afoforo ho nsɛm ano de, nanso ɛnyɛ akontaabu nyinaa na ɛfa nsonsonoe ahorow yi ho pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Sɛnea wɔde di dwuma wɔ kokoram ahorow a anohyeto wom ho: Nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ kokoram a ano yɛ den na ɛtrɛw wɔ nnipa a wonnya nnyaa kokoram no mu. Wɔnka nnipa a wɔanya kokoram dedaw no ho asɛm.
• Asiane ahorow a enni mũ: Ɔkwan biako biara nni hɔ a wɔfa so hwehwɛ nneɛma mu a esusuw asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ nufu mu kokoram ahorow nyinaa mu nyinaa ho. Mprempren akwan a wɔfa so hwehwɛ nneɛma mu dodow no ara twe adwene si awosu mu asiane ahorow anaa asiane ahorow a ɛfa w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm ho so. Enti ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ wo sɛ fa akwan pii a wobɛfa so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu na ama woanya mfonini a edi mũ.

Nanso, nnuruyɛfo da so ara de akwan horow a wɔfa so hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram mu asiane mu yi di dwuma efisɛ eye araa ma wobetumi ahu asiane a ɛwɔ obi mu no ho akontaabu a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nhwehwɛmufo rehwehwɛ akwan a wɔbɛfa so ama wɔn mmɔdenbɔ atu mpɔn kɛse.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Okay, enti mewɔ anidaso sɛ woanya adwene bi afi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu.

Nufu mu kokoram ho asiane ho nhwehwɛmu ntumi nkyerɛ wo yiye sɛ ebia wubenya kokoram anaa. Nanso, ebetumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wate nneɛma a ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no ayɛ kɛse no ase.

Nufu mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ho hia ma obiara. Asiane ho nhwehwɛmu yɛ adwinnade foforo biako pɛ a oduruyɛfo betumi de ahwɛ wo nufu akwahosan so. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi de wo akɔ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ de ahu BRCA awosu mu abɔde no. Ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii. Awiei koraa no, eyinom nyinaa boa wo duruyɛfo ma onya kokoram ntɛm, bere a wobetumi asa no. Enti nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho, na yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia.

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