So wowɔ srade a ɛdɔɔso? Momma yɛnka hypercholesterolemia ho asɛm!

So woahu srade a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mu pɛn? Anaasɛ, so oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ wo "srade bɔne no dɔɔso kakra na ɛsɛ sɛ wodi so"? Ebia eyi bɛyɛ osuahu a nnipa pii taa nya. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no hypercholesterolemia ho asɛm. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi kyerɛ sɛ srade "bɔne" a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu, a ɛne low-density lipoprotein (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein) no dodow dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛho hia.

Dɛn ne mogya mu srade a ɛboro so? Momma yɛnte ase pɛpɛɛpɛ!

Okay, momma yɛnkyerɛkyerɛ mu kakra bio. Hypercholesterolemia yɛ bere a srade bɔne, anaa ``LDL`` srade, a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dɔɔso dodo. Eyi yɛ srade mu yare. Sɛ ``LDL`` kɔ soro saa a, saa srade a ɛboro so no fi ase boaboa ano nkakrankakra wɔ wo mogya ntini mu, titiriw wo ntini afasu mu. Ɛte sɛ nkannare a ɛreyɛ ayɛ kɛse wɔ nsu afiri dedaw bi mu. Yɛfrɛ eyi atherosclerosis.

Fa no sɛ, eyi te sɛ nsu paipu a ɛwɔ wo turo mu a efĩ ne nsu asiw mu. Sɛ srade boaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini no mu a , esiw mogya no kwan.

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Atherosclerosis,'' ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyarewa a emu yɛ den te sɛ komayare ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no yɛ kɛse. Nokwarem no, koma ne ntini mu yare ne ade titiriw a ɛde owu ba wɔ wiase, na nea ɛde ba titiriw ne saa tebea yi, a wɔfrɛ no ``Atherosclerosis.''

Dodow bɛn na wobu no sɛ hypercholesterolemia?

Afei ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "Ɛsɛ sɛ me srade dodow kɔ soro dɛn ansa na madu tebea a ɛne hypercholesterolemia yi mu?" Ɛnyɛ wo `(LDL)` dodow nko na wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛhunu yei, na mmom ɔde bɛtoto asiane foforɔ a wowɔ a ɛbɛma woanya koma ne ntini mu yareɛ nso ho. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom ne dodow a wobu no sɛ `(LDL)` srade a ɛkɔ soro:

• Sɛ asiane afoforo nni hɔ a , LDL dodow yɛ 190 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Asiane titiriw foforo ne LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro a ɛboro 160 mg/dL.
• Sɛ asiane abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a, LDL dodow boro 130 mg/dL.

Ɛgyina wo komayareɛ ho asiane so no, nnuruyɛfoɔ bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ ma wo ``bɔne'' (LDL) sradeɛ dodoɔ no nkɔ 116 mg/dL kɔsi nnu 70 mg/dL.

Enti, dɛn ne asiane ahorow yi?

Sɛ wowɔ saa nneɛma yi a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya komayare:

• Mfe a obi adi: Asiane no kɔ soro bere a obi nyin no.
• Mogya mmoroso : .Sɛ mogya mmoroso wɔ hɔ a .
• Abusua abakɔsɛm : Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase esiane atherosclerosis nti.
• Asikreyare : Sɛ wowɔ Asikreyare a.
• Cholesterol pa a ɛba fam: Sɛ ``HDL - High-Density Lipoprotein`` anaa "srade pa" dodow sua a.

So srade a ɛboro so ne srade a ɛboro so yɛ ade koro?

Dabi, saa abien yi yɛ soronko kakra. Hypercholesterolemia yɛ kuw kɛse bi a wɔfrɛ no hyperlipidemia no fã biako pɛ. Wɔ hypercholesterolemia mu no, yɛde yɛn adwene si ``(LDL)`` srade a ɛkɔ soro, kyerɛ sɛ, srade bɔne no so titiriw. Nanso, sɛ yɛka sɛ ``(Hyperlipidemia)`` a, ebetumi ayɛ srade (lipid) biara a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu, ɛnyɛ ``(LDL)`` kɛkɛ.

Hena na tebea yi ka no kɛse?

Ɛda adi sɛ wubenya ``(LDL)`` cholesterol dodow a ɛkɔ soro sɛ:

• Sɛ woadi boro mfe 40 a.
• Sɛ wofi Asia, India, Filipino, anaa Vietnam abusua mu a.
• Sɛ woyɛ ɔbea a woagyae brayɛ akyi a.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ ɔbea (wɔ nsɛm bi mu).

Nnipa dodow a srade a ɛboro so wɔ mogya mu no abu so dɛn?

Eyi yɛ tebea a abu so yiye ankasa. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, nnipa aduonu biara mu bɛyɛ biako betumi anya srade a ɛboro so. Wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ United States no mu nkyem abiɛsa mu biako wɔ srade a ɛwɔ ``bɔne'' (LDL) a ɛkɔ soro. Saa tebea yi abu so wɔ Sri Lanka nso.

Eyi ka wo nipadua dɛn?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, srade a ɛboro so betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba koma ne ntini ahorow no mu. Wɔn titiriw ne:

• Nnwodwoɔ
• Coronary artery disease (eyi na ɛma obi nya komayare) .
• Peripheral artery disease (ɔhaw a ɛba ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ nsa ne anan mu no mu) .

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Ɔfã a ɛyɛ hu no ni. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ hypercholesterolemia no nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wubetumi ayɛ yiye, a worenhaw wo ho, nanso wo srade dodow betumi akɔ soro wɔ ɔkwan a asiane wom so. Nanso, nnipa binom a wɔwɔ hypercholesterolemia a emu yɛ den yiyeSɛ, srade a ɛwɔ aniwa no atifi betumi ada adi wɔ honam ani sɛ akuru kɔkɔɔ (Xanthelasma). Anaasɛ, wɔ ntini ahorow bi a ɛka bom mu, sɛ nhwɛso no, atwa akwaa no nkwaa ho ahyia no, srade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no betumi ada adi sɛ Xanthoma. Ɛntaa mma sɛ srade a ɛwɔ aniwa fitaa no ho no betumi ada adi sɛ nkaa fitaa (Corneal arcus). Nanso eyinom ho yɛ na koraa.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde srade a ɛboro so ba?

Ebia nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Wo awosu mu nkwaadɔm: Ebia nnipa binom wɔ saa tebea yi a ɛkɔ so wɔ wɔn abusua mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ abusua mu srade a ɛboro so.
• Aduan: Nnuan pii a srade a ɛyɛ dɛ ne trans fat pii wom a wobedi (e.g., nnuan a srade wom, nnuan a wɔde di ntɛmntɛm, nam bi, nneɛma a wɔde yɛ paanoo).
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wonnya: Abrabɔ a wobɛtra ase a wonyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ pii.
• Tawa mu nneɛma: Sigaretnom ne tawa afoforo a wɔde di dwuma.
• Ayaresa mu tebea afoforo:
• mmerɛbo mu yare a esiw kwan
• Asikreyare `(Asikreyare)`
• Hypothyroidism (thyroid a ɛnyɛ adwuma) .
• Anorexia nervosa yɛ adidi mu haw.
• Asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye
• Nephrotic syndrome a ɛma obi ho kyere no
• Nnuru bi: Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru bi te sɛ `(Amiodarone)`, `(Rosiglitazone)`, `(Cyclosporine)`, ne `(Hydrochlorothiazide)` nso betumi ama srade dodow akɔ soro.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na yebetumi ahu eyi?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wokɔyɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu afe biara a, wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Bisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm ne w’abusua akwahosan tebea ho asɛm.
• Ɔyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Wɔhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔfrɛ no lipid panel. Wɔtaa yɛ eyi bere a wɔadi mmuada nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi akyi.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo no pow nneɛma afoforo a ɛde wo srade a ɛboro so ba a, ebia ɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu. Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ abusua no mufo afoforo nyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi, titiriw sɛ wowɔ abusua mu srade a ɛboro so a.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ hypercholesterolemia a wɔsa mu ne sɛ wobɛtew wo ``bɔne'' (LDL) srade dodow so na asiw asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no ano. Wobetumi ayɛ eyi wɔ akwan horow pii so:

• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ pii a wobɛma: Biribi te sɛ nantew, mmirikatu, anaa asuguare anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 30 da biara.
• Wo mu duru a wobɛkɔ so akura mu: Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ so akura wo mu duru a ɛfata wo tenten mu.
• Aduan a srade nnim a wobedi: Nnuan a ngo ne srade pii wom a wɔbɛtew so.
• Adwennwen a wɔtew so: Akwan a wɔbɛfa so atew adwennwen so a wɔbɛhwehwɛ.
• Nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew a wobɛnom: Nom nnuru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Tawa a wɔkwati: Sigaretnom a wobegyae koraa.
• Mogya mmoroso ne asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu a wobedi so.
• Lipoprotein apheresis: Eyi yɛ ma nnipa a mogya mu srade a ɛboro so a emu yɛ den yiye nkutoo. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode afiri bi beyi lipoproteins (srade nketenkete) afi wo mogya mu na afei woasan de ahyɛ wo nipadua mu bio.

Dɛn na wobetumi adi na wontumi nni?

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛtew ``bad'' (LDL) cholesterol dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so no, wubetumi ayɛ saa nneɛma yi:

• Tew nsa a wonom so: Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛtwe wo ho afi nsa ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.
• Di nnuaba, nhabannuru, atoko, ne aburow pii.
• Nnuan a srade pii wom a wɔbɛtew so: Nnuan a nufusu wom (te sɛ kyiisi, bɔta), nam bi (titiriw nam kɔkɔɔ), ne nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ (te sɛ keeki, bisket) a wɔbɛtew so.

Susuw ho sɛ wode nhabannuru ne nnuaba a ɛyɛ kɔla bɛhyɛ wo prɛte ma. Sɛ́ anka wubedi nnuan a srade wom a wɔayam no, paw nnuan a wɔanoa, wɔayam, ne nea wɔayam. Sɛ wode akutu ngo redi dwuma mpo a, fa di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so.

Nnuru bɛn na wɔde di dwuma?

Nnuru atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa hypercholesterolemia:

• Statins: Eyinom na wɔtaa de di dwuma.
• PCSK9 a wɔde siw ano `(PCSK9 a wɔde siw ano)`
• Ezetimibe na ɔkyerɛwee
• Bile acid a wɔde hyɛ nneɛma mu
• Niacin a wɔde yɛ nnuru
• Bempedoic acid `(Bempedoic acid)`

Nnuruyɛfo nso kyerɛw nnuru pɔtee afoforo ma nnipa a wɔwɔ abusua mu srade a ɛboro so.

So ayaresa no mu nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ hɔ?

Te sɛ nnuru biara no, nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew no betumi de ɔhaw ahorow bi aba. Nanso, sɛ wɔde toto mfaso a ɛwɔ nnuru yi so ho a, mpɛn pii no, wotumi gyina saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi ano. Nneɛma bɔne a ɛtaa ba no bi ne:

• Akisikuru anaa akisikuru.
• Ɛyaw a ɛba ntini anaa nkwaa mu.
• Yafunu mu a ɛyɛ yaw.
• Tipaeɛ .

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ sɛ wunya ɔhaw biara a, wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Obetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ dodow a wɔde ma no mu anaasɛ ɔbɛkyerɛw aduru foforo ama wo ma afata wo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ nea ebefi ayaresa mu aba ntɛm?

Bɛyɛ adapɛn 8 kosi 12 wɔ bere a woafi ase nom w’aduru no akyi no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ lipid panel nhwehwɛmu foforo de ahwɛ sɛ wo srade dodow so atew anaa. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina nea ebefi mu aba no so asi gyinae sɛ ebia ɛho hia sɛ woma nnuru dodow a wode di dwuma no kɔ soro, dan kɔ aduru foforo so, anaasɛ wode aduru foforo ka ho anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi atew asiane no so?

Wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya hypercholesterolemia so denam asetra a ɛfata a wobɛfa so:

• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa.
• Mu duru a ɛfata a wobɛkɔ so akura mu.
• Aduan a srade nnim a wobedi.
• Kwati a wɔkwati sɛ wɔde tawa ho nneɛma bedi dwuma.

Sɛ woyɛ saa nneɛma yi a, ɛnyɛ srade nko na wubetumi abɔ wo ho ban, na mmom nyarewa afoforo pii nso.

Sɛ wowɔ srade a ɛboro so a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ LDL srade pii a, ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wudi ho dwuma wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo. Sɛ wode suban pa yɛ wo da biara da asetra fã wie a, ɛho renhia sɛ wususuw ho dodo. Wubetumi de nneɛma nketenkete afi ase. Sɛ nhwɛso no, aduan a nam nnim a wubedi da koro dapɛn biara, anaasɛ nantew tiawa a wobɛkɔ akɔdidi bere a woadi anwummere aduan da biara. Sɛ wokɔ sotɔɔ mu a, paw nnuan a srade a ɛyɛ den ne trans fat kakraa bi na ɛwom. Saa kwan no so no, wubenya nnuan a ahoɔden wom wɔ fie bere nyinaa. Afei nso, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wode nhabannuru ne nhabannuru foforo bɛka w’aduan ho a wunnii da.

Adwene no te dɛn?

Sɛ woansa wo hypercholesterolemia a, wubetumi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Atherosclerosis)` (ntini a ɛyɛ den). Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare anaa akisikuru no yɛ kɛse. Nanso, sɛ wofa asetra a ahoɔden wom, nom nnuru sɛ ɛho hia a, na wohwɛ wo `(LDL)` srade dodow so a, wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no so kɛse. Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu pii ada no adi sɛ nnipa a wodi wɔn srade a ɛboro so ho dwuma yiye no wɔ akwahosan pa kɛse.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ wo ho?

Esiane sɛ srade a wɔde di dwuma no yɛ ade a ɛkɔ so wɔ wo nkwa nna nyinaa mu nti , ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ so yɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra mu na wonom wo nnuru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ma nneɛma yi ntra w’adwenem:

• Fa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nna pii dapɛn biara.
• Kwati tawa ho nneɛma koraa.
• Kwati nnuan a srade a ɛyɛ dɛ anaa trans fat pii wom.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Mma wo duruyɛfo a wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo daa no nmpa wo ti so. Ɔbɛpɛ sɛ ohu:

• So wo nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew no yɛ adwuma yiye?
• So worenya nsunsuanso bɔne bi afi w’aduru no mu?
• So wudi ne nyansahyɛ ahorow akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ nsunsuanso bɔne a emu yɛ den a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛsesa wo akɔ aduru foforo so. Ebia ɔbɛpɛ nso sɛ ɔhwɛ wo srade dodow mu daa na ama wahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛwɔ anohyeto a ɛfata mu anaa.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• "Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ na ama me srade dodow so atew?"
• "So wubetumi akamfo nhyehyɛe bi a ebetumi aboa me ma magyae sigaretnom akyerɛ?"
• "Wobɛtumi ama me referral akɔhwɛ aduane ho ɔbenfoɔ bi akɔhwehwɛ mmoa wɔ m'aduan ho?"

Sɛ wo LDL srade dodow dɔɔso a, ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ. Eyi yɛ ɔhaw a ɛtaa ba a nnipa pii wɔ. Wo duruyɛfo yɛ w’adamfo paa wɔ boa a ɔboa wo ma wo LDL srade dodow san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no mu. Obetumi akamfo akwan a wobɛfa so aboa wo ma woayɛ eyi akyerɛ. Sɛ asetra mu nsakrae nkutoo nnɔɔso a, wubetumi akɔka nnipa ɔpepem pii a wɔnom nnuru a ɛtew srade so no ho.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyi mu (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti, sɛnea yɛaka ho asɛm no, eyinom ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem:

• Hypercholesterolemia yɛ mogya mu srade bɔne (LDL) a ɛkɔ soro. Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ne akisikuru no yɛ kɛse.
• Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ, enti ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
• Wobetumi adi tebea yi so yiye denam asetra mu nsakrae (aduan pa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne sigaretnom a wogyae) ne, sɛ ɛho hia a, nnuru a wɔde ma sɛnea oduruyɛfo kyerɛ no so .
• Nha wo ho. Sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa na wudi ho dwuma yiye a, wubetumi abɔ bra pa.

Enti, hwɛ wo srade dodow a ɛwɔ wo mu no yiye. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden! hypercholesterolemia, srade, LDL, HDL, komayare, ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase, aduan a wodi, asetra kwan