So woate nka pɛn sɛ woabrɛ, woayɛ mmerɛw, anaasɛ w’ani nnye? Ebia wo mu duru akɔ soro anaasɛ ɛso atew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, anaasɛ woanya nsakrae afoforo a ɛyɛ soronko. Eyi nyinaa betumi afi ‘master gland’ ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu, nanso ɛwɔ tumi kɛse. Ɛno ne nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ hypopituitarism .
Dɛn ne pituitary gland ne hypopituitarism?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, pituitary gland yɛ ntini a ne kɛse te sɛ pea a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene no ase, yɛn hwene akyi. Ɛmfa ho sɛ ne kɛse sua no, ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ yɛn nipadua mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma no ‘master gland’. Ɛyɛ nea ɛka kyerɛ thyroid ntini, adrenal ntini, ne ntini afoforo pii sɛ, "Okay, afei wo na woyɛ saa hormone yi."
Hypopituitarism yɛ bere a pituitary gland, master regulator no ntumi nyɛ hormone biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛdɔɔso. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, hormone ahorow a pituitary gland no yɛ no nyinaa betumi atew. Yɛfrɛ eyi Panhypopituitarism . Saa tebea yi betumi aka mmofra ne mpanyimfo nso. Ebetumi nso afi yare bi a ɛwɔ hypothalamus, amemene no fã a ɛhwɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛba pituitary gland no so no mu aba.
Saa nkwaadɔm yi hwɛ yɛn nipadua mu dwumadi ahorow a ɛho hia te sɛ onyin, awo, mogya mmoroso, ne nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra so . Enti sɛ eyinom mu biara nni hɔ a, nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛfa ho no betumi asɛe.
Nnuru a ɛho hia bɛn na pituitary gland no yɛ?
Pituitary gland no yɛ hormone ahorow pii. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu atitiriw no ne nea wɔyɛ. Ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛho hia paa sɛ wubehu eyi.
| Hormone a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Dwumadi a Ɛwɔ Nipadua no Mu |
|---|---|
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma yiye . | Ɛkanyan adrenal glands (ntini a ɛwɔ asaabo atifi) no na ɛboa ma wɔyɛ hormone cortisol a ɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso ne nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra so no. |
| Hormone a ɛkanyan thyroid (TSH) . | Ɛkanyan thyroid ntini a ɛwɔ kɔn mu no na ɛboa ma wɔyɛ thyroid hormone ahorow a ɛho hia ma nipadua no mu nneɛma a ɛsakra, enyin, ne nkɔso. |
| Hormone a ɛkanyan ntini mu ntini (FSH) ne Luteinizing hormone (LH) . | Eyinom hwɛ nna mu dwumadi ne awo so wɔ mmea ne mmarima nyinaa mu, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ estrogen fi mmadwoa mu wɔ mmea mu ne testosterone fi awotwaa mu wɔ mmarima mu. |
| Nnuru a ɛma obi nyin (GH) . | Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, ɛho hia na ama nnompe ne ntini ahorow anyin sɛnea ɛsɛ, titiriw wɔ mmofraase. |
| Prolactin a wɔde yɛ aduru | Ɛkanyan nufu nyin wɔ mmea mu ne nufusu a wɔyɛ de ma nufu. |
| Nnuru a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu (ADH) . | Asaabo no hwɛ sɛnea nsu fi nipadua no mu fi nipadua no mu no so. Sɛ eyi so tew a, nsu a wɔtow dodo betumi aba. |
| Oxytocin a wɔde yɛ aduru | Ɛboa ma awotwaa no twetwe bere a wɔrewo no na ɛboa ma nufusu no sen bere a wɔrema nufu no. Saa hormone yi nso ho hia ma ɛna ne abofra ntam abusuabɔ. |
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde hypopituitarism ba?
Saa tebea yi fi pituitary gland anaa hypothalamus a ɛsɛe no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia wɔrenhu nea ɛde ba no. Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde ba no bi ni:
- Akuru a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu anaa nea atwa ho ahyia
- Mframa a wɔde sa kokoram
- Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ wɔ amemene anaa pituitary gland ho
- Nyarewa te sɛ meningitis
- Ti a wɔapirapira kɛse
- Akisikuru anaa mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ amemene no mu
- Nnuru bi
- Ɔfe a efi ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu ba
- Mogya a ɛtɔ dodo bere a wɔrewo (Sheehan’s syndrome) .
- Nneɛma bi a efi awosu mu ba ( awosu mu nsakrae ) .
- Ayaresa mu tebea afoforo te sɛ sarcoidosis ne nsamanwaw
Nsɛnkyerɛnne no te dɛn?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina hormone a enni mu ne sɛnea tebea no sɔre ntɛmntɛm so . Ebia nnipa binom rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa, anaasɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi aba nkakrankakra paa. Ebia afoforo nso benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den mpofirim.
Hwɛ pon a ɛwɔ ase hɔ no ma woahu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛbata hormone biara a enni nipadua mu ho.
| Hormone a Ɛnyɛ Den | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a Ebetumi Aba |
|---|---|
| ACTH a enni nipadua no mu | Ɔbrɛ a ɛtaa ba, ɔbrɛ, mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam, mu duru a ɛso tew, akisikuru, ɔfe, adwenemhaw. |
| TSH a enni nipadua no mu | Akisikuru, mu duru a ɛkɔ soro, awɔw a wontumi nnyina ano, ahoɔden a wɔhwere, ntini mu yaw anaa mmerɛwyɛ. |
| FSH ne LH a enni hɔ | Wɔ mmea fam no: brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa anaasɛ ennyae, ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛwo (awo a wontumi nwo). Wɔ mmarima fam no: anim ne nipadua mu nhwi a ɛyera, mmerɛwyɛ, nna ho anigye a wɔhwere, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna a ɛnyɛ den, nyinsɛn a ɛyɛ den. |
| GH a enni hɔ | Wɔ mmofra fam no: nyin a entumi nyɛ yiye, srade a ɛboaboa ano wɔ asen ne wɔn anim, ne ne nyinaa mu no, nyin a enye. Wɔ mpanyimfo fam no: ahoɔden a ɛso tew, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛyɛ den, mu duru a ɛkɔ soro, ntini a ɛso tew, dadwen anaa adwenemhaw. |
| Prolactin a enni nipadua no mu | Wɔ mmea fam no: Sɛ wɔantumi anwo nufusu wɔ awo akyi. |
| ADH a enni nipadua no mu | Sukɔm dodo ne mpɛn pii, nsu a wɔtow boro so (Diabetes Insipidus). |
| Oxytocin a enni nipadua mu | Wɔ mmea fam no: ɔhaw a ɛwɔ nufusu a ɛma obi yɛ basaa ho. |
Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, yɛsrɛ sɛ mmu w’ani ngu so . Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woaka ho asɛm.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi, Oduruyɛfo?
Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obetie wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no yiye na ɔde wo akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia.
- Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu: Eyi ne nea ɛho hia sen biara. Wɔhwɛ sɛnea hormone ahorow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔma hormone bi na afei wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw (stimulation anaa suppression tests) de hwɛ nsakrae a ɛba mogya no mu wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu. Nhwɛsoɔ: `ACTH (Cortrosyn) nkanyan sɔhwɛ`, `GH nkanyan sɔhwɛ`.
- Mfoninitwa: Wobetumi ayɛ MRI anaa CT scan de ahwɛ sɛ ebia pituitary tumor bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
- Anisoadehu mu Sɔhwɛ: Esiane sɛ ntini a ɛka aniwa no twam bɛn pituitary gland no nti, wɔsɔ anisoadehu hwɛ hwɛ sɛ ebia biribi te sɛ akisikuru repia saa ntini ahorow no anaa.
- X-ray a wɔde yɛ mmofra: Wɔyɛ mmofra nsa X-ray de hwɛ sɛ nnompe no nyin sɛnea ɛsɛ anaa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?
Botae atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ tebea yi a wɔsa mu. Biako ne sɛNea ɛde ba no a wɔbɛsa (sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru a wobeyi afi hɔ). Ade a ɛto so abien ne nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wode hormone ahorow a ayera wɔ nipadua no mu no besi ananmu . Wɔfrɛ eyi Hormone Replacement Therapy .
Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma
Oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛfata a egyina hormone dodow a wunni so so.
- Wɔ ACTH a enni hɔ ho: Wɔde glucocorticoids (e.g. hydrocortisone) ma de siesie cortisol dodow.
- Wɔ TSH a enni hɔ ho: Wɔde nnuru te sɛ `Levothyroxine` ma de siesie thyroid hormone dodow.
- Wɔ nna mu ahoɔdennuru a enni nipadua mu ho: Wɔde testosterone ma mmarima na wɔde estrogen (ebia ɛne progesterone ka ho) ma mmea.
- Wɔ GH a enni nipadua mu ho no: Wɔde Growth Hormone (GH) a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no ma de boa ma onyin, titiriw wɔ mmofra mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi nso a wɔma mpanyimfo saa ayaresa yi de boa ma ahoɔden ne ntini nyin.
- Wɔ awo a wontumi nwo ho no: Hormone ayaresa titiriw bi wɔ hɔ te sɛ Gonadotropin a ɛkanyan nkesua nyin anaasɛ mmadwoa a ɛba.
Sɛɛgyiri
Sɛ akisikuru bi na ɛde tebea yi ba a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi fi hɔ, a egyina akisikuru no ko ne beae a ɛwɔ so.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yesusuw wɔ daakye ho? (Nsusuwii) .
Asɛmpa no ne sɛ sɛ wohu yare no yiye na wɔde aduru a wɔde si hormone ananmu no ma yiye a, ebetumi aba sɛ wobɛtra ase pa ara na apɔwmuden wom . Ebia ayaresa no bɛyɛ nkwa nna nyinaa.
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bedi akyi wɔ bere ano . Esiane sɛ wo nipadua no hormone ahiade betumi asesa bere a bere kɔ so no, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo di nkitaho daa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hypopituitarism yɛ bere a pituitary gland, yɛn nipadua no ‘master gland’ no ntumi nyɛ hormone ahorow a ɛho hia a ɛdɔɔso.
- Ɛsono sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne wɔ onipa biara mu, na egyina hormone a enni mu so. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ ɔbrɛ, mu duru a ɛkɔ soro, ne nna mu ɔbrasɛe.
- Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu te sɛ eyinom a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .
- Wobetumi afa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ne scan so ahu tebea yi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Ayaresa no ne sɛ wɔde hormone ahorow a enni hɔ no bɛma wɔ abɔnten. Saa ayaresa yi tu mpɔn yiye.
- Sɛ wufi ayaresa ase wie a, hyia oduruyɛfo no wɔ bere a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ no mu.Nsakrae a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ dodow a wɔde ma no ho hia yiye.
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