Malaria nyɛ aseresɛm! Momma yenhu eyi yiye

Sɛ wufi akwantu bi a woatu akɔ amannɔne, anaa mpo worekɔ baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ den wɔ Sri Lanka, na wunya yare bi a ɛte sɛ atiridii, wote nka sɛ woayɛ mmerɛw, na woanya atiridii a, dɛn na wususuw? Mpɛn pii no, yesusuw sɛ, “Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa atiridii.” Nanso, ebetumi ayɛ biribi a anibere wom kɛse. Malaria yɛ yare a ɛyɛ hu a ɛte saa no mu biako. Eyi yɛ yare a nwansena de ba a sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ebetumi de obi nkwa ato asiane mu. Enti, momma yɛnka asramma ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu nnɛ.

Dɛn ne Malaria?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asramma yɛ yare a ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɛnam nwansena bi a ɔwɔ yare no bi so hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu. Yɛfrɛ saa ɔyare mmoawa yi Plasmodium . Ɛwom sɛ asramma ntrɛw bio wɔ Sri Lanka de, nanso wɔda so ara hu saa yare yi wɔ nnipa a wɔatu kwan akɔ Afrika aman, Amerika Kesee Fam mmeae bi, ne aman a ɛwɔ Asia Kesee Fam Apuei no mu.

Nokwarem no, nnipa ɔpepem pii nya asramma afe biara wɔ wiase nyinaa, na ɔhaha pii wuwu wɔ so. Enti ɛnyɛ yare a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu no adewa. Wɔfrɛ nwansena a ɔde saa yare yi ba no Anopheles nwansena. Wohia wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew na ama wɔatumi ayɛ yiye. Ɛno nti na wɔtaa ba Afrika ne Asia aman mu no.

Nwansena ahorow a ɛde asramma ba

Plasmodium mmoawa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde asramma ba. Ɔkwan biara so de yare bi a ɛsono no kakra ba. Momma yɛnhwɛ ahorow atitiriw no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde asramma kɔ nnipa mu?

Eyi yɛ kyinhyia a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Fa no sɛ, Anopheles nwansena bi ka obi a ɔwɔ asramma. Afei mmoawa a wɔwɔ ɔyarefo no mogya mu no hyɛn nwansena no nipadua mu. Afei bɛyɛ dapɛn biako akyi no, saa mmoawa no nyin wɔ nwansena no nnompe mu . Afei, sɛ nwansena yi keka obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden a, saa mmoawa no de nnompe no hyɛn onipa foforo no nipadua mu.

Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wobetumi afa akwan foforo so de akɔ.

• Ɛdenam mogya a wɔde ma obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no mu ma obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden so.
• Ɛdenam akwaa bi a wɔde befi obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no mu so.
• Ɛdenam nnade a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu a mogya a ɔyare no wom a wɔde kyɛ so.
• Sɛ ɛna a onyinsɛn nya asramma a, akokoaa no nso betumi anya bi.

Dɛn ne asramma ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase da adi bɛyɛ nnafua 10 kosi 15 akyi bere a nwansena a ɔwɔ ɔyare no aka no no. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi te sɛ atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba no ara pɛ, enti ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu mfiase no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Malaria yɛ yare a ebetumi asɛe ntɛmntɛm. Enti eye sɛ wubefi ase ayɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi . Sɛ woatu kwan akɔ ɔman bi a asramma taa ba mu na wunya atiridii anaa sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no?

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ obi anya asramma bere a watie wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’akwantu ho abakɔsɛm akyi a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de si so dua.

• Mogya a wɔde srasra nipadua no: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara. Wɔfa wo mogya no bi, wɔde aduru soronko bi ka ho, na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ nhwɛsode no mu hwɛ sɛ mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Eyi nso betumi akyerɛ ɔyare mmoawa ko ne dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.
• Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT): Eyi te sɛ COVID antigen nhwehwɛmu. Ebetumi ama nea efi mu ba ntɛmntɛm denam nsateaa a wɔde bɛbɔ so. Nanso, entumi nhu ɔyare mmoawa ko no pɛpɛɛpɛ, enti mpɛn pii no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔde mogya gu nipadua no mu.
• PCR sɔhwɛ: Eyi hwɛ sɛ parasite DNA wɔ mogya no mu anaa. Eyi betumi ahu ɔyare mmoawa no ko a wɔyɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa asramma?

Wogyina nneɛma pii so si ayaresa ho gyinae.

• Parasite ko a woanya bi.
• Sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den.
• Baabi a wunyaa yare no (sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu sɛ mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae a nnuru ntumi wɔn wɔ saa beae no anaa).
• Sɛ́ ebia woanyinsɛn anaasɛ wunnyinsɛn no.
• wo mfe a woadi.

Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ eyinom nyinaa na wakyerɛw aduru a ɛfata wo sen biara ama wo. Mpɛn pii no, nnuru akuw a wɔde di dwuma ne `(Chloroquine)` ne `(Artemisinin-based combination therapy – ACT)`. Mfa aduru biara a wote nka da sɛ wunni oduruyɛfo afotu. Wɔde ayarefo a wɔn tebea mu yɛ den no kɔ ayaresabea na wɔde `(IV)` a wɔde fa ntini mu sa wɔn yare.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi asramma ho?

Hwɛ yiye wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho, titiriw sɛ worekɔ ɔman bi a asramma abu so mu a.

• Hyɛ ntade a ɛkata wo nipadua so yiye: pantan atenten, ntade a nsa tenten. Tew hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nwansena bɛka wo no so.
• Fa nnuru a wɔde pam nkoekoemmoa di dwuma: Fa nnuru a wɔde pam nkoekoemmoa a nneɛma te sɛ DEET anaa Picaridin wom gu honam ani a ɛda adi no so.
• Fa nwansena afiri di dwuma: Ɛho hia sɛ wode nwansena afiri di dwuma bere a woada, titiriw sɛ wɔankata mfɛnsere no so a.
• Nom nnuru a wɔde siw asramma ano: Ansa na wubetu kwan akɔ baabi a asramma taa ba no, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na kɔgye aduru a wɔde siw asramma ano (prophylaxis). Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom saa nnuru yi ansa na wɔatu kwan, bere a wɔretu kwan no, ne bere bi a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ wɔ akwantu no akyi.
• Malaria Vaccine: Mprempren Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no akamfo vaccines `(RTS,S/AS01)` ne `(R21/Matrix-M)` ama mmofra a wɔwɔ Afrika mantam mu, baabi a asramma abu so no. Eyi yɛ ade titiriw a wɔatumi ayɛ wɔ asramma ano aduru mu.

Malaria, Nwansena, Atiridiinini, Asramma Ho Nsɛnkyerɛnne, Asramma Ho Ayaresa, Asramma Ho Banbɔ, Plasmodium