Malaria nyɛ aseresɛm! Momma yenhu eyi yiye

Sɛ wufi akwantu bi a woatu akɔ amannɔne, anaa mpo worekɔ baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ den wɔ Sri Lanka, na wunya yare bi a ɛte sɛ atiridii, wote nka sɛ woayɛ mmerɛw, na woanya atiridii a, dɛn na wususuw? Mpɛn pii no, yesusuw sɛ, “Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa atiridii.” Nanso, ebetumi ayɛ biribi a anibere wom kɛse. Malaria yɛ yare a ɛyɛ hu a ɛte saa no mu biako. Eyi yɛ yare a nwansena de ba a sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ebetumi de obi nkwa ato asiane mu. Enti, momma yɛnka asramma ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu nnɛ.

Dɛn ne Malaria?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asramma yɛ yare a ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɛnam nwansena bi a ɔwɔ yare no bi so hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu. Yɛfrɛ saa ɔyare mmoawa yi Plasmodium . Ɛwom sɛ asramma ntrɛw bio wɔ Sri Lanka de, nanso wɔda so ara hu saa yare yi wɔ nnipa a wɔatu kwan akɔ Afrika aman, Amerika Kesee Fam mmeae bi, ne aman a ɛwɔ Asia Kesee Fam Apuei no mu.

Nokwarem no, nnipa ɔpepem pii nya asramma afe biara wɔ wiase nyinaa, na ɔhaha pii wuwu wɔ so. Enti ɛnyɛ yare a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu no adewa. Wɔfrɛ nwansena a ɔde saa yare yi ba no Anopheles nwansena. Wohia wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew na ama wɔatumi ayɛ yiye. Ɛno nti na wɔtaa ba Afrika ne Asia aman mu no.

Nwansena ahorow a ɛde asramma ba

Plasmodium mmoawa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde asramma ba. Ɔkwan biara so de yare bi a ɛsono no kakra ba. Momma yɛnhwɛ ahorow atitiriw no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde asramma kɔ nnipa mu?

Eyi yɛ kyinhyia a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Fa no sɛ, Anopheles nwansena bi ka obi a ɔwɔ asramma. Afei mmoawa a wɔwɔ ɔyarefo no mogya mu no hyɛn nwansena no nipadua mu. Afei bɛyɛ dapɛn biako akyi no, saa mmoawa no nyin wɔ nwansena no nnompe mu . Afei, sɛ nwansena yi keka obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden a, saa mmoawa no de nnompe no hyɛn onipa foforo no nipadua mu.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ asramma nyɛ yare a ebetumi atrɛw afi onipa so akɔ onipa foforo so, te sɛ atiridii anaa atiridiinini, denam nsa a wɔde ka obi, aduan a wɔkyɛ, anaa ahurututu so. Ɛnyɛ nna mu de nso. Sɛ wubenya bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ nwansena bi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no ka wo.

Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wobetumi afa akwan foforo so de akɔ.

• Ɛdenam mogya a wɔde ma obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no mu ma obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden so.
• Ɛdenam akwaa bi a wɔde befi obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no mu so.
• Ɛdenam nnade a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu a mogya a ɔyare no wom a wɔde kyɛ so.
• Sɛ ɛna a onyinsɛn nya asramma a, akokoaa no nso betumi anya bi.

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Dɛn ne asramma ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase da adi bɛyɛ nnafua 10 kosi 15 akyi bere a nwansena a ɔwɔ ɔyare no aka no no. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi te sɛ atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba no ara pɛ, enti ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu mfiase no.

Nea ɛho hia: Asramma ahorow bi te sɛ P. vivax betumi agye bɛboro adapɛn abien ansa na wɔanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti sɛ wunya atiridii wɔ ɔsram biako akyi bere a woatu kwan akɔ amannɔne mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka akwantu no ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Malaria yɛ yare a ebetumi asɛe ntɛmntɛm. Enti eye sɛ wubefi ase ayɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi . Sɛ woatu kwan akɔ ɔman bi a asramma taa ba mu na wunya atiridii anaa sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den te sɛ adwenem naayɛ, akisikuru, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) a ɛnkyɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no?

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ obi anya asramma bere a watie wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’akwantu ho abakɔsɛm akyi a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de si so dua.

• Mogya a wɔde srasra nipadua no: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara. Wɔfa wo mogya no bi, wɔde aduru soronko bi ka ho, na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ nhwɛsode no mu hwɛ sɛ mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Eyi nso betumi akyerɛ ɔyare mmoawa ko ne dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.
• Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT): Eyi te sɛ COVID antigen nhwehwɛmu. Ebetumi ama nea efi mu ba ntɛmntɛm denam nsateaa a wɔde bɛbɔ so. Nanso, entumi nhu ɔyare mmoawa ko no pɛpɛɛpɛ, enti mpɛn pii no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔde mogya gu nipadua no mu.
• PCR sɔhwɛ: Eyi hwɛ sɛ parasite DNA wɔ mogya no mu anaa. Eyi betumi ahu ɔyare mmoawa no ko a wɔyɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa asramma?

Wogyina nneɛma pii so si ayaresa ho gyinae.

• Parasite ko a woanya bi.
• Sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den.
• Baabi a wunyaa yare no (sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu sɛ mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae a nnuru ntumi wɔn wɔ saa beae no anaa).
• Sɛ́ ebia woanyinsɛn anaasɛ wunnyinsɛn no.
• wo mfe a woadi.

Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ eyinom nyinaa na wakyerɛw aduru a ɛfata wo sen biara ama wo. Mpɛn pii no, nnuru akuw a wɔde di dwuma ne (Chloroquine) ne (Artemisinin-based combination therapy – ACT). Mfa aduru biara a wote nka da sɛ wunni oduruyɛfo afotu. Wɔde ayarefo a wɔn tebea mu yɛ den no kɔ ayaresabea na wɔde (IV) a wɔde fa ntini mu sa wɔn yare.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi asramma ho?

Hwɛ yiye wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho, titiriw sɛ worekɔ ɔman bi a asramma abu so mu a.

• Hyɛ ntade a ɛkata wo nipadua so yiye: pantan atenten, ntade a nsa tenten. Tew hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nwansena bɛka wo no so.
• Fa nnuru a wɔde pam nkoekoemmoa di dwuma: Fa nnuru a wɔde pam nkoekoemmoa a nneɛma te sɛ DEET anaa Picaridin wom gu honam ani a ɛda adi no so.
• Fa nwansena afiri di dwuma: Ɛho hia sɛ wode nwansena afiri di dwuma bere a woada, titiriw sɛ wɔankata mfɛnsere no so a.
• Nom nnuru a wɔde siw asramma ano: Ansa na wubetu kwan akɔ baabi a asramma taa ba no, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na kɔgye aduru a wɔde siw asramma ano (prophylaxis). Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom saa nnuru yi ansa na wɔatu kwan, bere a wɔretu kwan no, ne bere bi a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ wɔ akwantu no akyi.
• Malaria Vaccine: Mprempren Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no akamfo vaccines (RTS,S/AS01) ne (R21/Matrix-M) ama mmofra a wɔwɔ Afrika mantam mu, baabi a asramma abu so no. Eyi yɛ ade titiriw a wɔatumi ayɛ wɔ asramma ano aduru mu.