So mogya tuu wo pituitary gland a ɛwɔ wo tirim no mpofirim? (Pituitary Apoplexy) Momma yɛnhwɛ yiye!

So woanya tiyɛ a emu yɛ den mpofirim, w’ani nhu ade yiye, wuhu ade mprenu, anaasɛ w’aniwa atɔ fam pɛn? Ɛwom sɛ eyi ntaa mma de, nanso biribi a anibere wom betumi de aba. Ɛno ne tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ, a wɔfrɛ no ``Pituitary Apoplexy''. Nsuro, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa.

Dɛn ne Pituitary Apoplexy?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Pituitary Apoplexy)` yɛ tebea a mogya a ɛkɔ pituitary gland , ntini ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no gyae mpofirim (i.e., mogya no siw), anaasɛ mogya tu wɔ ntini no mu (`(Hemorrhage)`). Eyi betumi ayɛ tebea a emu yɛ den, enti mmere bi wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara .

Enti dɛn ne saa pituitary gland yi?

Fa no sɛ, yɛn amemene no mfinimfini pɛɛ, yɛn hwene no akyi no, ntini ketewaa bi a ne kɛse te sɛ pea wɔ hɔ. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no pituitary gland. Eyi yɛ ntini atitiriw a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua no mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu no mu biako . Ɛno na ɛma hormone ahorow a ɛyɛ nnuru abɔfo a ɛyɛ adwuma a ɛho hia yiye wɔ yɛn nipadua mu na ɛhwɛ so.

Yɛn nipadua no dwumadi pii gyina saa hormone ahorow yi so. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Yɛn mogya mmoroso a yɛbɛhwɛ so .
• Awo ne nna mu dwumadi.
• Nipadua no nyin ne ne nkɔso.

Nkwammoaa a pituitary gland no gyae no de nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ endocrine ntini afoforo so ma ɛyɛ wɔn hormone ahorow. Ɛyɛ n’ade te sɛ ɔsahene ketewaa bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu.

Dɛn ne Pituitary Adenoma?

Mpɛn pii no, saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Pituitary Apoplexy'' ba nnipa a wɔwɔ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ hu (a ɛnyɛ kokoram) wɔ pituitary gland mu, kyerɛ sɛ, ``Pituitary Adenoma''.

Nanso, nnipa pii nnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ `(Pituitary Adenoma)`. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wohu saa akisikuru yi wɔ akwanhyia mu wɔ `(Imaging Test)` a wɔyɛ esiane biribi foforo nti. Ebinom fam no, saa tebea a wɔfrɛ no `(Pituitary Apoplexy)` yi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔwɔ `(Pituitary Adenoma)`.

Sɛ wɔrekyekyɛ saa ``Pituitary Adenomas`` yi mu a, egyina sɛ ebia ɛyi hormone anaasɛ ɛnte saa so.

• Akisikuru a ɛma nipadua no mu nkwaadɔm fi nipadua mu: Eyinom tumi ma nipadua mu nkwaadɔm bi dɔɔso dodo.
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): Eyi kanyan yɛn adrenal ntini ahorow no ma ɛyɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no cortisol . Cortisol yɛ hormone a ɛboa ma ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ adwennwen ho, ko tia nyarewa, na ɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso, asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu, ne nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra so.
• Prolactin a wɔde yɛ adwuma:Ɛwom sɛ ɛka nipadua no dwumadi pii ho de, nanso ɛho hia titiriw ma nufu mu ntini nyin ne nufusu a wɔyɛ. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro a, ebetumi ama mmea akɔ brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa na ama ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ so atew.
• Growth Hormone: Ɛhwɛ mmofra nyin so na ɛhwɛ nipadua mu srade, asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu, ne nkwammoaa a wosiesie wɔ mpanyimfo mu no so.
• Pituitary Adenomas a Ɛnyɛ adwuma: Eyinom nnyi hormone ahorow mfi mu. Wɔtaa hu Pituitary Apoplexy wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ saa pituitary adenomas a ɛnyɛ adwuma yi mu.

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya Pituitary Apoplexy?

Saa tebea yi taa ba mmarima so sen mmea mmɔho abien. Ɛtaa ka nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 37 kosi 58.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Adwene ahorow wɔ sɛnea Pituitary Adenoma abu so no ho. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nnipa pii nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Abenfo adwene a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ne sɛ wɔtaa yɛ kakra. Nnipa a wɔwɔ Pituitary Adenoma no mu 2% kosi 12% betumi anya Pituitary Apoplexy.

Dɛn ne Pituitary Apoplexy ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne gyina:

• Mogya dodow a ɛretu.
• Ntini dodow a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu a ewu esiane mogya a ɛyera nti.
• Ɛgyina sɛnea ɔfe (edema) no te so.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba ne tiyɛ a emu yɛ den mpofirim. Nnipa bɛboro fã nso nya anisoadehu mu haw . Eyi fi nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ ntini a efi amemene no mu kɔ aniwa (aniwa ntini) no so. Eyinom betumi ayɛ:

• Anisoadehu abien .
• Aniwa a ɛrehwe ase.
• Aniwa biako anaa abien no nyinaa a ɛyera koraa anaa ne fã bi .

Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo nso fi nsakrae a ɛba amemene no mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyinom betumi ayɛ te sɛ ntini mu yare afoforo te sɛ meningitis . Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi ne:

• Kesereneeyɛ.
• Ɔbrɛ a emu yɛ den.
• Huraeɛ.
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe.
• Hann ho nkate (Photophobia).

So pituitary apoplexy betumi aka hormone dwumadi?

Yiw, koraa. Sɛ pituitary gland no sɛe a, ɛka endocrine gland afoforo a ɛhwɛ so no dwumadi, hormone ahorow a ɛyɛ, na nipadua no yɛ saa hormone ahorow no ho adwuma.

Ntini mu yare a ɛtaa ba ne adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) a enni nipadua mu. Eyi ka adrenal ntini no dwumadi na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bi ne:

• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam (Hypotension).
• Asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu a ɛba fam (Hypoglycemia).
• Sodium dodow a ɛba fam wɔ mogya mu (Hyponatremia).
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde Pituitary Apoplexy ba?

Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, nea enti pɔtee a ɛte saa no da so ara mu da hɔ.

Nhwehwɛmu bi ada no adi sɛ nsɛm no mu 10% kosi 40% fa aduruyɛ mu akwan horow bi, akwahosan tebea horow, ne nnuru a wɔde di dwuma ho. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ni:

• Wɔde nnuru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya ma nnipa a wɔwɔ ntini a emu dɔ a ɛma mogya tu ne ahurututu mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu no.
• Nnuru a ɛkanyan dopamine a wɔde di dwuma ma Parkinson yare ne nan a ɛnyɛ ahomegye ho yare.
• Endocrine stimulation testing yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hu nyarewa a ɛwɔ endocrine nhyehyɛe no mu.
• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) ayaresa a wɔde ma mmea binom a wɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram no ma awotwaa no dwumadi so tew.
• Ti a opira (te sɛ asehwe, kar akwanhyia).
• Oprehyɛn, titiriw nnompe oprehyɛn ne koma oprehyɛn.

Abenfoɔ da so ara rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛte nea enti a ɛtɔ da bi a saa nneɛma yi bata ``Pituitary Apoplexy.`` Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔasiw apoplexy tebea yi ano bere a wɔrehwɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ pituitary adenomas no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu Pituitary Apoplexy?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo (Nipadua mu Nhwehwɛmu), ahwɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, na wahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ (Imaging Tests).

Ebia wubehia ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ a egyina sɛnea wo tebea no mu yɛ den so . Wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ mu no, nnuruyɛfo bɛyɛ CT scan efisɛ ebetumi ama wɔanya nea efi mu ba ntɛmntɛm na wɔayi tebea afoforo te sɛ ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no afi hɔ. Nanso, sɛ bere ma kwan a, MRI ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara. Ebetumi ama wɔanya nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛfa sɛnea pituitary gland no asɛe no ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Pituitary Apoplexy?

Nnuru ne oprehyɛn ahorow wɔ hɔ sɛ eyi ho ayaresa.

Corticosteroids (nnuru a wɔnom) ho hia na wɔasiw adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) a enni nipadua no mu ano. Mpɛn pii no, ayarefo no ho tɔ wɔn wɔ nnuru a wɔde ma wɔn no mu.

Nanso sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo oprehyɛn . Wɔtaa de ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den pii na ɛyɛ eyi. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ:

• Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi bɛhyɛ wo hwene no biako mu.
• Wɔyɛ tokuru ketewaa bi wɔ dompe no mu a ɛtetew hwene mu ne amemene no mu.
• Wɔde mfoninitwa afiri bi fa saa afiri no mu na wɔhwehwɛ akisikuru no mu.
• Afei, wɔfa saa afiri no mu yi akisikuru anaa pituitary ntini a asɛe no.

Wɔfrɛ saa kwan yi oprehyɛn a wɔde fa anom.Wɔsan frɛ no `(Transnasal oprehyɛn)`.

So metumi asiw Pituitary Apoplexy ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a ɛyɛ nokware a wɔbɛfa so asiw tebea yi ano.

Nanso sɛ wowɔ ``Pituitary Adenoma'' a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohu sɛnea ebetumi aba sɛ saa apoplexy tebea yi betumi aba. Sɛ mpofirim ara wo ti yɛ wo yaw kɛse anaasɛ w’ani so sesa a, hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara.

Dɛn ne Pituitary Apoplexy ho anidaso?

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu yare no ntɛm na wofi ase sa yare . Nnipa dodow a wowuwu esiane saa tebea yi nti no bɛyɛ 2%.

Wɔ nnipa pii fam no, wobetumi de nnuru anaa oprehyɛn ama anisoadehu mu haw ahorow atu mpɔn. Anisoadehu a edi mũ san ba wɔ bɛyɛ 40% mu. Nanso, nnipa bɛyɛ 80% hia ayaresa a wɔde si hormone ananmu bere tenten . Eyi te saa efisɛ pituitary gland no nyɛ adwuma yiye. Saa hormone ayaresa yi wɔ akwan horow so:

• Gel ahorow a wɔde yɛ nneɛma.
• Nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu.
• Nwene wɔ ano.
• Nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu.
• Patches a wɔde yɛ nneɛma.
• Pellets a wɔde gu honam ani.
• Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma daa.

Sɛ woanya Pituitary Apoplexy a, wubehia sɛ wɔkɔ so hwɛ wo so wɔ aduruyɛ mu (Follow-up care). Eyinom bi ne:

• Hwɛ w’anisoadehu no mu.
• Hwɛ hu sɛ wɔayi akisikuru no afi hɔ koraa.
• Hwɛ sɛnea wo hormone dodow te.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a egye ntɛmpɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ aniwa mu haw foforo anaasɛ wo ti yɛ wo yaw mpofirim a , hwehwɛ aduruyɛ a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara . Some describe this headache as "the worst headache I've ever had."

Esiane sɛ Pituitary Apoplexy ba mpofirim nti, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ tiyɛ a emu yɛ den ne nsakrae a ɛba w’ani so a, ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ ho biribi ntɛm.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti seesei woanya nteaseɛ pa wɔ deɛ yɛaka ho asɛm no ho, Pituitary Apoplexy. Kae sɛ eyi yɛ tebea a ɛba mpofirim. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ, aduru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa no. Mpɛn pii no, ayaresa betumi ama obi asan ahu ade bio. Nanso, nnipa pii betumi anya hormone a enni hɔ bere tenten.

Enti, sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn bere ano, na wofa aduru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woadi wo hormone dodow so na woakura asetra pa mu. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu, nanso sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

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