So woanya oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo pɛn sɛ "yɛ UFR nhwehwɛmu"? Anaasɛ worepere sɛ wobɛte nea nsu mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ bi ka no ase? Nha wo ho. UFR, anaa Urine Full Report, yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den yiye a ɛda w’akwahosan ho nsɛm pii a ɛho hia adi. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka UFR sɔhwɛ no ho asɛm, nea ɛda no adi, ne sɛnea wɔkyerɛ ase.

Dɛn ne UFR (Urine Full Report) sɔhwɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, UFR yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛfa wo nsu mu nhwɛsode bi na ɛhwehwɛ ne honam fam, nnuru, ne nneɛma nketenkete mu. Nneɛma fĩ a ɛba bere a yɛn nipadua no reyɛ adwuma no mu dodow no ara, asaabo no yiyi mu na ɛkɔ mu sɛ nsu. Enti, sɛ yɛsɔ nsu mu hwɛ a, ebetumi ama yɛanya nsɛm a ɛsom bo a ɛfa sɛnea yɛn nipadua no yɛ adwuma ho, titiriw asaabo ne nsu a yɛde fa nsu mu no.

Dɛn nti na wɔyɛ UFR sɔhwɛ?

Ebia nneɛma pii nti na oduruyɛfo betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ UFR nhwehwɛmu.

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu nea ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ nsu mu yare , nsu a wɔtaa tow , yafunu mu yaw , ne akyi yaw ba .
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu nyarewa: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu tebea horow te sɛ Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), asaabo mu yare , asikreyare , ne mmerɛbo mu yare .
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ akwahosan tebea so: Bere a wɔresa aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a wɔahu dedaw no, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu nkɔso a ɛrekɔ so ne sɛnea ayaresa no di yiye.
Sɛ́ akwahosan mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ daa no fã: sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobenya nipadua no akwahosan nyinaa ho ntease, a wonni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo.

So ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Mpɛn pii no, ahosiesie titiriw biara ho nhia mma UFR sɔhwɛ. Wubetumi adidi na woanom sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo anaa aduruyɛdan no sɛ worenom nnuru biara (a vitamin ka ho). Nnuru bi betumi aka wo nsu no kɔla anaa nea ɛwom.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi aboaboa nsu a wɔde yɛ adwuma no ano yiye?

Nsu a ɛfata a wɔde bɛma no ho hia na ama nhwehwɛmu no ayɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so yɛ eyi ne "mid-stream clean catch sample" kwan.

Ahotew: .Ansa na wobɛtow wo nsu no, fa samina ne nsu hohoro wo nsa yiye. Afei tew baabi a nsu no fi mu ba no.
Yi ntini no: Fa nsu kakraa bi gu tiafi mu.
Boaboa mfinimfini no ano: Afei, a wunnyae nsu a ɛsen no, boaboa dodow a ɛho hia ano gu kuruwa a aduru nnim a aduruyɛdan no de ama no mu.
Yi ano no: Fa nsu a aka no gu tiafi mu.
Fa ma ntɛm: To kuruwa no ano denneennen na fa kɔ aduruyɛdan mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi (mpɛn pii no wɔ dɔnhwerew biako mu).

Saa kwan yi mma mmoawa te sɛ nea ɛwɔ honam ani no ntumi nka nhwɛsode no ho, na ɛma wonya nea efi mu ba no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn na wɔhwɛ wɔ UFR amanneɛbɔ mu?

Wɔakyekyɛ UFR amanneɛbɔ mu ayɛ no afã atitiriw 3. Momma yɛmfa pon so nsua ɔfã biara.

1. Nipadua mu Nhwehwɛmu (Macroscopic Examination) - Nea aniwa hu

Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ	Nea wɔtaa kyerɛ
Ahosuo	Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hare. Ebia kɔkɔɔ/biribiri yɛ mogya a wɔadi afra, na kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ soronko betumi afi nnuru anaa ayaresa tebea horow mu.
Mmaeɛ	Mpɛn pii no, emu da hɔ. Ebia mununkum bɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa, nkwammoaa, anaa ahwehwɛ wɔ hɔ.

2. Nnuruyɛ mu Nhwehwɛmu - Dipstick Sɔhwɛ

Component no	Nea wɔtaa kyerɛ
pH bo a ɛsom	Acidity/alkalinity a ɛwɔ nsu mu. Ebia gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛnteɛ no fa tebea horow te sɛ asaabo mu abo ho.
Protein a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu	Wonhu wɔ nsu a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden mu. Ebia nea ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ asaabo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
Glucose (asikre) .	Wonhu wɔ nsu a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden mu. Nea ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw.
Ketones a ɛyɛ den	Ebetumi afi asikreyare a wontumi nni so anaa mmuadadi mu aba.
Mogya	Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu no betumi akyerɛ sɛ ɔyare bi, asaabo mu abo, anaa tebea foforo bi wɔ hɔ.
Nitrites / Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu	Eyinom a ɛwɔ hɔ no kyerɛ denneennen sɛ obi anya ɔyare mmoawa a efi nsu mu (UTI) mu.
Bilirubin a wɔde di dwuma	Sɛ ɛwɔ nsu mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare anaasɛ akisikuru asiw.

3. Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔde Nneɛma nketenkete Yɛ

Nkwammoaa/nneɛma a ɛwom	Nea wɔtaa kyerɛ
Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ (RBC) .	Sɛ́ wubenya nneɛma pii dodo no yɛ ɔhaw. Ebetumi afi ɔyare mmoawa, abo, anaa tebea foforo bi.
Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa/akisikuru nkwammoaa (WBC/Pus Cells) .	Sɛ́ wubenya pii no yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu da hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya ɔyare mmoawa.
Nkwammoaa a Ɛwɔ Epithelial	Nkwammoaa a ɛfa nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no mu. Nnipa pii dodo betumi ayɛ ɔhaw.
Casts a wɔtow gu	Eyinom a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛkyerɛ asaabo mu yare.
Ahwehwɛ a wɔde yɛ nneɛma	Ahorow binom kyerɛ sɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ asaabo mu abo bɛba.
Mmoawa / Mmɔkaw	Eyinom a ɛwɔ hɔ no si so dua sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ.

Nkrasɛm a etwa to

UFR yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyaw nnim, ɛsom bo a ɛka yɛn nipadua no mu akwahosan ho nsɛm pii. Ɛwom sɛ asɛm yi bɛma woanya ntease titiriw bi wɔ UFR amanneɛbɔ bi ho de, nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wobu no sɛ ɛyɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara: Ɛmfa ho nea efi wo nhwehwɛmu mu ba biara no, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ma ɔte ase yiye na wuhu ayaresa anaa anammɔn a edi hɔ a wuhia. Kwati sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ wo ho mu na woasa wo ho yare.