Bari mu yi magana game da tsarin sirri da ke sarrafa hawan jininka: (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System - RAAS)!

Shin ka taɓa tunanin cewa hawan jininka ba wani abu ne da ba ka iya sarrafawa ba? A gaskiya ma, akwai wani tsari mai rikitarwa da ban mamaki a cikin jikinmu don sarrafa shi. Wannan shine tsarin da za mu yi magana a kai a yau. Wannan ana kiransa tsarin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone , ko RAAS a takaice. Kada ka damu, duk da cewa sunan yana da ɗan tsayi, bari mu fahimce shi a taƙaice.

Menene wannan RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)?

To, menene RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)? A taƙaice dai, tsarin haɗin gwiwa ne na hormones, sunadarai, da enzymes a jikinmu waɗanda ke aiki tare. Kamar ƙaramin ƙungiya ce da aka tsara da kyau. Babban aikin wannan ƙungiyar shine sarrafa hawan jininmu da adadin ruwa a jikinmu, wato, yawan jini, na dogon lokaci.

Ka yi tunanin jijiyoyin jini a jikinmu a matsayin bututun da ke ɗauke da ruwa. Adadin jinin da ke gudana ta waɗannan bututun, da kuma matsin da wannan jinin ke yi a bangon bututun, shine abin da muke kira hawan jini. Don haka, abin da wannan RAAS ke yi shi ne ƙara yawan shan gishiri (sodium) da ruwa cikin jiki. Sannan adadin ruwa a jiki, wato, yawan jini, yana ƙaruwa. Hakanan yana sa jijiyoyin jini su taurare. Wato, yana sarrafa sautin jijiyoyin jini. Duk wannan yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye hawan jini a matakin da ake so, ko kuma a matsayin lafiyayye.

Akwai manyan jarumai guda uku a cikin wannan tsarin RAAS , kamar manyan jaruman da ke cikin wasan kwaikwayo:

• Renin: Wannan enzyme ne.
• Angiotensin II: Wannan hormone ne.
• Aldosterone : Wannan kuma hormone ne.

Don ƙarin bayani game da waɗannan kalmomi biyu kaɗan, enzymes nau'ikan sunadarai ne na musamman waɗanda ke taimakawa da hanzarta halayen sinadarai a jikinmu. Suna taimakawa wajen yin wasu abubuwa sabo da kuma lalata wasu abubuwa. Hormones manzannin sinadarai ne waɗanda ke daidaita ayyukan jikinmu. Suna tafiya ta cikin jini kuma suna gaya wa gabobin jiki daban-daban, tsokoki, da kyallen takarda abin da za su yi da kuma lokacin da za su yi. Kamar hidimar gidan waya ta jikinmu ne.

To, menene hawan jini?

Idan ka je wurin likita, suna auna hawan jininka da abin ɗaurewa a hannunka. A taƙaice, wannan shine matsin lambar da jini ke samarwa a cikin jijiyoyinka duk lokacin da zuciyarka ke bugawa. Wannan matsin lamba na yau da kullun yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga kwararar jini daga zuciyarmu zuwa kowace gaɓa da kyallen jikinmu.

Hawan jini ya dogara ne akan abubuwa da dama, kamar yawan jinin da zuciyarka ke bugawa da kuma diamita na jijiyoyin da jininka ke gudana ta cikinsu.

Abubuwa da yawa, kamar wasu magunguna, yawan cholesterol, da shan taba, na iya shafar hawan jini. Duk da haka, babban tsarin da ke da alhakin daidaita hawan jini shine RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System). Amma ku tuna, idan kuna da hawan jini (hawan jini) ko ƙarancin hawan jini (hawan jini), ba lallai ne ya zama matsala ga tsarin RAAS ba. Akwai wasu dalilai kuma.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin RAAS da baroreceptor reflex?

Dukansu suna da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen daidaita hawan jini, amma akwai ɗan bambanci.

RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) yana aiki ne musamman don sarrafa yawan jini na dogon lokaci da juriyar jijiyoyin jiki a ko'ina cikin jiki.

A gefe guda kuma, maganin baroreceptor, ko kuma kamar yadda wasu ke kira shi , maganin baroreflex , yana aiki ne lokacin da aka samu raguwar hawan jini na ɗan gajeren lokaci . Wato, yana amsawa da sauri ga ƙananan canje-canje masu sauri a hawan jini daga bugun zuciya zuwa bugun zuciya. Waɗannan masu karɓar baroreceptors, waɗanda ke cikin jijiyoyinmu, suna sanar da tsarin jijiyoyinmu na kai tsaye game da waɗannan canje-canjen cikin sauri.

Mene ne muhimman gabobin da ke cikin RAAS?

Gabobi da dama, gland, da kyallen jikinmu suna aiki tare don tabbatar da cewa wannan tsarin RAAS yana aiki yadda ya kamata. Mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu sune:

• Koda : Waɗannan su ne farkon waɗanda ke fitar da renin.
• Hanta: Ana yin furotin da ake kira angiotensinogen a nan.
• Jijiyoyin jini: Waɗannan su ne abin da ke takura da ƙara hawan jini.
• Huhu: Babban wurin da enzyme na ACE yake.
• Glandan Adrenal: Waɗannan ƙananan gland guda biyu ne masu siffar triangular waɗanda ke saman kodanmu. Suna samar da aldosterone.
• Glandan Pituitary: Wannan ƙaramin gland ne mai girman kashi, wanda yake a gindin kwakwalwa, a ƙasa da hypothalamus. Yana samar da hormone ADH.
• Hypothalamus: Wannan yanki ne na kwakwalwa wanda ke daidaita ayyukan tsarin jijiyoyinmu masu cin gashin kansu da kuma glandar pituitary.

Duba yadda abubuwa da yawa za su yi aiki tare don sa abu ɗaya ya yi aiki!

Ta yaya wannan tsarin RAAS yake aiki daidai?

To, yanzu bari mu ga yadda wannan RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) yake aiki. Wannan tsari ne da ke faruwa a matakai da dama:

1. Da farko, ka yi tunanin cewa hawan jininka zai ragu kaɗan . Ko kuma adadin jinin da ke zuwa kodan ya ragu. A wannan lokacin, kodanmu biyu masu wayo suna fitar da wani enzyme da ake kira renin cikin jini.

2. Sai wannan renin ya tafi ya wargaza wani furotin da ake kira angiotensinogen , wanda ake yi a cikin hanta kuma a ƙara shi a cikin jini. Kamar yanke takarda ne da almakashi. Sannan sai a samar da wani hormone mai suna angiotensin I.

3. Amma wannan angiotensin I ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, wato, ba shi da ƙarfi sosai (ba ya aiki). Don haka idan ya yi iyo a cikin jini, enzyme mai canza angiotensin (ACE) a cikin huhu da kodanmu yana raba shi zuwa guntu-guntu. A lokacin ne ake samar da hormone mai aiki da ake kira angiotensin II .

4. Yanzu wannan angiotensin II shine ainihin abin da ke aiki. Ba zato ba tsammani yana sa bangon tsokoki na ƙananan jijiyoyinmu, wato jijiyoyin jini, su matse. Ka yi tunanin kamar matse bututun ruwa kuma ruwan ya yi sauri, kuma lokacin da jijiyoyin suka matse, hawan jini yana ƙaruwa. Ba wai kawai wannan ba, wannan angiotensin II yana nuna wa glandar adrenal ɗinmu alama don sakin wani hormone da ake kira aldosterone . Hakanan yana gaya wa glandar pituitary ta saki hormone antidiuretic, ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone), ko Vasopressin .

5. Na gaba, aldosterone da ADH suna aiki tare don gaya wa kodan su sake shan gishirin da jiki ke buƙata, wato, sodium, a cikin jiki, wato, don riƙe shi. A lokaci guda, aldosterone yana gaya wa kodan su fitar da potassium ɗin da jiki baya buƙata a cikin fitsari .

6. Don haka, idan adadin sodium a cikin jini ya ƙaru, jiki ma yana fara riƙe ruwa. Sannan jimlar yawan jini yana ƙaruwa, kuma da shi hawan jini yana ƙaruwa. Haka nan ake kammala wannan tsarin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone. Hawan jini yana komawa daidai.

Tsarin RAAS yana iya kunnawa ta hanyar wasu hormones da dama. Misali , corticosteroids, estrogen, da thyroid hormones suma suna iya ƙarfafa tsarin.

Menene alaƙar da ke tsakanin Rashin Lafiyar Zuciya da RAAS?

Yanzu bari mu kalli wannan tsarin RAAS, wanda wasu ke kira gazawar zuciya.Menene alaƙar da ke tsakanin wannan yanayin da tsarin RAAS? A zahiri, a jikin mutumin da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya, wannan tsarin RAAS yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, kuma wani lokacin mai rikitarwa.

Da farko, lokacin da zuciya ba ta iya fitar da jini yadda ya kamata ba (wato, lokacin da zuciya ta yi rauni), ba ta iya samar da isasshen jini ga muhimman gabobin jiki. A wannan lokacin, canje-canje a tsarin RAAS suna fara faruwa a matsayin hanyar rama wannan. A wata ma'anar, jiki yana ƙoƙarin rama wannan ƙarancin.

Musamman ma, RAAS yana fitar da ƙarin wani sinadari mai suna Angiotensin II a ƙoƙarin rama raguwar kwararar jini. Duk da haka, wannan ƙaruwar sakin Angiotensin II akan lokaci na iya ƙara ta'azzara cututtukan zuciya. Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa wannan ƙarin Angiotensin II yana haifar da faɗaɗa zuciya da sake fasalinta.

A taƙaice dai, idan zuciya ta yi rauni kuma jini ya ragu, jiki yana tunanin, 'Kai, jinin da nake ji ya yi ƙasa, ba ni da isasshen jini.' Don haka ana kunna RAAS don ƙara hawan jini da ƙara yawan jini. Duk da cewa hakan na iya taimakawa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, a cikin dogon lokaci, yana ƙara ƙarin nauyi ga zuciya da ta riga ta yi rauni.

Saboda wannan dalili, lokacin da ake yi wa mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya magani, likitoci suna amfani da magunguna waɗanda ke shafar tsarin RAAS kai tsaye kuma suna sarrafa ayyukansa. Waɗannan magunguna suna hana tsarin RAAS aiki ta hanyar da ba dole ba. Ga wasu misalai:

• Masu toshe beta
• Masu hana enzyme masu canza Angiotensin (ACE inhibitors)
• Masu toshe masu karɓar Angiotensin (ARBs)
• Masu adawa da masu karɓar mineralocorticoid (MRAs)

Waɗannan magunguna suna rage nauyin da ba dole ba a zuciya kuma suna taimakawa wajen magance cututtukan zuciya.

Abu mafi muhimmanci da ya kamata mu tuna shi ne

To, yanzu za ku iya ganin muhimmancin da tsarin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) yake da shi wajen sarrafa hawan jini da kuma lafiyar zuciya. Yana iya zama kamar yana da ɗan rikitarwa, amma tsari ne mai mahimmanci ga jikinmu don ya kasance cikin koshin lafiya. Yana aiki kamar ƙaramin injiniya a cikin jikinmu.

Idan kana da wata damuwa game da hawan jininka, misali, idan kana da alamun hawan jini ko hawan jini mai ƙasa , ko kuma idan kana jin cewa hawan jininka yana da wahalar sarrafawa, don Allah ka tuntuɓi likitanka don neman shawara.Suna shirye su taimake ka su kuma amsa tambayoyinka. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka san irin waɗannan abubuwa, domin sai a lokacin ne za mu iya yanke shawara mai kyau game da lafiyarmu. Sanin jikinka shine hanya mafi kyau ta rayuwa mai kyau.

Tsarin Renin -angiotensin-aldosterone, RAAS, hawan jini, hormones, koda, cututtukan zuciya, hawan jini, enzymes, aldosterone, angiotensin