Shin kun taɓa ganin rahoton gwajin jini mai haruffa uku da lamba a kai? Likitan ya gaya muku cewa ƙimar ta fi ta al'ada. Abu ne na al'ada a ji ɗan tsoro da tsoro a irin wannan lokaci. "Kai, menene wannan ALT? Shin rashin lafiya ne mai tsanani idan ya yi yawa?" Kuna iya tunani. Amma kada ku damu. A yau, bari mu yi magana a hankali kuma a sarari game da menene wannan ALT da kuma abin da wannan gwajin yake nufi game da jikinmu.
A taƙaice dai, menene wannan gwajin ALT?
Gwajin ALT gwaji ne mai sauƙi wanda ke duba duk wani lahani da ya faru a hanta . Duk da cewa muna kiransa ALT da ɗan gajeren sunansa, cikakken sunansa shine Alanine Aminotransferase . A da, ana kuma kiransa SGPT (serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) . Wataƙila kun ga hakan a cikin tsoffin rahotanninku.
Don haka wannan ALT wani enzyme ne a jikinmu. A takaice dai, wannan enzyme galibi ana samunsa ne a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta. Ana samunsa kaɗan a wurare kamar kodan da tsokoki. Yawanci, ALT yana cikin jininmu a ƙananan matakansa.
Ka yi tunanin hanta a matsayin kwandon da ke ɗauke da ƙwai da yawa. Muddin ƙwai suna lafiya, babu matsala. Amma idan kwandon ya lalace ko ya girgiza, wasu ƙwai za su fashe su fito, ko ba haka ba? Haka yake. Idan ƙwayoyin hanta suka lalace saboda cuta, magani, haɗari, ko wani dalili, ana fitar da enzyme na ALT da ke cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin zuwa cikin jini. A lokacin ne gwajin jini ya nuna ƙaruwar matakan ALT.
Me yasa hanta take da muhimmanci ga jikinmu?
Hanta ba wai kawai ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan gabobin jikinmu ba, har ma kamar "babban masana'antar" jikinmu ce. Aikin da take yi ba ƙaramin aiki ba ne.
- Samar da bile: Hanta ce ke samar da bile, wanda ke taimakawa wajen narkar da abinci mai kitse da muke ci.
- Tsaftace jini: Hanta tana tace sharar gida da guba da ba a so (kamar barasa) daga jininmu, kamar matatar ruwa.
- Taimakawa wajen toshewar jini: Hanta tana samar da sunadaran da ake buƙata don dakatar da zubar jini idan akwai rauni.
- Ajiye sinadarai masu gina jiki: Ana adana abubuwa kamar bitamin da ma'adanai kuma ana adana su har sai jiki ya buƙaci su.
- Kula da matakin sukari: Ana adana ƙarin sukari a cikin jini kuma a mayar da shi makamashi idan ana buƙata.
Don haka, saboda yana yin abubuwa masu mahimmanci da yawa, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kula da lafiyar hanta.
A wane yanayi likita zai gaya maka ka yi wannan gwajin?
Akwai dalilai da dama da yasa likitanka zai iya yin odar gwajin ALT. Yana iya zama saboda kana da alamun da suka shafi cutar hanta, ko kuma saboda kana cikin haɗarin lalacewar hanta.
| Alamomin cutar hanta | |
|---|---|
| Ciwon ciki ko kumburi | Tashin zuciya da amai |
| Rawaya a fata da idanu (jaundice) | Gajiya mai tsanani da rauni a jiki |
| Fitsa mai duhu (kamar launin shayi) | Kuraje masu launin yumbu (mai launin yumbu) |
| Kaikayin fata | - |
| Abubuwan da ke ƙara haɗarin lalacewar hanta | |
|---|---|
| Bayyanar cutar hepatitis a cikin jarirai | Shan giya fiye da kima |
| Samun tarihin iyali na cututtukan hanta | Amfani da wasu magunguna na dogon lokaci (misali, magungunan rage radadi kamar Acetaminophen da Ibuprofen) waɗanda zasu iya lalata hanta |
| Kiba | Ciwon sukari |
Wani lokaci, ba tare da wani dalili ba, ana iya yin gwajin ALT a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwajin lafiyarka na shekara-shekara. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi don ganin yadda magani yake aiki idan kana da cutar hanta.
Akwai wani shiri kafin gwajin?
Yawanci, ba a buƙatar shiri na musamman idan gwajin ALT ɗin kawai ake yi. Duk da haka, ana yin wannan gwajin ne tare da wasu gwaje-gwajen hanta (bangaren hanta). Wasu daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya buƙatar ka yi azumi na 'yan awanni. Saboda haka, ka tambayi likitanka ko ya kamata ka guji cin abinci ko sha kafin gwajin.
Haka kuma, tabbatar da gaya wa likitanka game da duk wani magani, bitamin, ko wasu kari da kake sha. Wasu magunguna na iya shafar sakamakon wannan gwajin. Haka kuma, motsa jiki mai ƙarfi kwana ɗaya kafin gwajin na iya ƙara matakan ALT na ɗan lokaci. Don haka yana da kyau ka sanar da likitanka game da hakan ma.
Idan rahoton ya zo, me ake nufi da hakan?
Za ku sami sakamakon gwajin cikin 'yan awanni ko 'yan kwanaki. Rahoton zai lissafa matakin ALT ɗinku da kuma adadin da ya dace .
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine wannan kewayon na yau da kullun na iya bambanta kaɗan daga dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa wani. Don haka ya kamata ku kwatanta ƙimar ku da kewayon da ke cikin rahoton ku. Yawanci, wannan ƙimar tana tsakanin raka'a 7 zuwa 56 a kowace lita (U/L).
Babban matakan ALT
Ƙara yawan matakan ALT yana nuna wani nau'in kumburi ko lalacewa ga ƙwayoyin hanta. Duk da haka, wannan kaɗai ba yana nufin cewa kana da mummunar cutar hanta ba.
Ka tuna, ba duk wanda ke da matakan ALT masu yawa yake da cutar hanta mai tsanani ba. A gaskiya ma, ƙasa da kashi 5% na mutanen da ke da matakan ALT masu yawa ake gano suna da cutar hanta mai tsanani.
Akwai dalilai da yawa na ƙaruwar matakan ALT:
- Ciwon hanta mai kitse: Wannan wata cuta ce da yanzu ake gani a cikin al'umma.
- Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Hepatitis A, B, da C: Waɗannan suna shafar hanta kai tsaye.
- Shan barasa fiye da kima: Barasa guba ce ga hanta.
- Illolin wasu magunguna: Wasu magungunan rage radadi, magungunan rage cholesterol, da kuma maganin rigakafi na iya haifar da hauhawar matakan ALT.
- Ciwon hanta: Tabon hanta.
- Rage yawan jini zuwa hanta.
- Hemochromatosis: Yawan ƙarfe a jiki.
- Wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar mononucleosis (mono).
Ƙananan matakan ALT
Ba a cika ganin wannan ba. Ƙananan matakan ALT yawanci ba abin damuwa ba ne. Duk da haka, ba kasafai ake samun su da alaƙa da yanayi kamar rashin bitamin B6 ko cututtukan koda na yau da kullun. Idan matakan ku sun yi ƙasa, likitan ku zai iya yin odar wasu ƙarin gwaje-gwaje.
Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi don samun cikakken hoto game da lafiyar hanta?
Gwajin ALT yanki ɗaya ne kawai na wasanin gwada ilimi. Domin ganin cikakken hoton, likitanka zai buƙaci ƙarin wasu abubuwa. Shi ya sa ake yin gwajin ALT sau da yawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na jerin gwaje-gwaje da ake kira "Gwajin Ayyukan Hanta" (LFTs) .
Wani muhimmin enzyme a cikin wannan jerin gwaje-gwaje shine AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) . Kamar ALT, wannan enzyme shima yana cikin jini lokacin da ƙwayoyin hanta suka lalace. Duk da haka, AST kuma yana cikin matakan da suka fi ALT girma a wurare kamar zuciya da tsokoki.
Likitan ku zai kwatanta matakan AST da ALT ɗinku (rabowar AST/ALT) . Wannan rabon yana ba wa likitan ku wata muhimmiyar alama game da yanayin lalacewar hanta da kuma musabbabinsa.
Bugu da ƙari, jerin gwajin LFT na iya haɗawa da waɗannan masu zuwa:
- Bilirubin
- Albumin
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
- Jimlar furotin
- Transferase na Gamma-glutamyl (GGT)
Ta hanyar haɗa bayanan da aka samu daga duk waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, likitanka zai iya cimma cikakkiyar ƙarshe game da lafiyar hanta.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Gwajin ALT gwajin jini ne mai sauƙi wanda ke duba lafiyar hanta.
- Ƙara yawan matakan ALT yana nuna cewa akwai wani lahani ko kumburi ga ƙwayoyin hanta.
- Duk da haka, ƙaruwar matakin ALT kaɗai ba lallai bane yana nufin cewa kana da mummunar cutar hanta. Yana iya shafar ta ta hanyar dalilai na ɗan lokaci (kamar magani ko motsa jiki).
- Likitan ku ba zai yanke shawara bisa ga matakin ALT ɗinku kawai ba. Zai yi la'akari da wasu gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta, kamar AST, da duk alamun cutar don cimma sakamako mai kyau.
- Idan kana da wata damuwa game da matakan ALT ɗinka, ka tabbata ka yi magana da likitanka a fili. Kada ka yi ƙoƙarin gano kanka ta hanyar neman bayanai a intanet.
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