Shin kun taɓa yin mamakin yadda za mu iya yin waɗannan abubuwan ba tare da ƙasusuwanmu suna goga juna ko kuma suna jin rauni ba lokacin da muke gudu, tsalle, ɗaga nauyi, ko yin ayyukan yau da kullun? Babban dalilin hakan shine nama na musamman da ake kira 'cartilage' wanda ke kare gidajenmu kuma ana samunsa tsakanin ƙasusuwa. A taƙaice dai, yana kama da 'mai shanye girgiza' a jikinmu.
Wane irin aiki ne guringuntsi ke yi wa jikinmu?
Gurguzu wani nau'in nama ne mai ƙarfi amma mai sassauƙa wanda ke kare ƙasusuwanmu da gidajenmu. Musamman ma, gurguzu yana da manyan ayyuka guda uku.
- Girgiza mai sha: Wannan yana shan matsin lamba, ko girgiza, da ke zuwa ga ƙasusuwanmu da gidajenmu yayin motsi kamar tafiya da gudu. Ka yi tunani a kai, shin ba ƙaramin matsin lamba ba ne a ƙafafunmu idan muka yi tsalle da kyakkyawan 'takalmin gudu' fiye da lokacin da muka yi tsalle babu takalmi? Gurguzu yana aiki kamar matashin kai a cikin wannan 'takalmin' a cikin gidajenmu.
- Rage gogayya: Gurguzu yana hana ƙasusuwa biyu goga juna a wurin haɗin gwiwa, yana taimaka musu su yi tafiya cikin sauƙi da sauƙi. Wannan yana hana ƙasusuwan lalacewa.
- Tsarin da ke tallafawa: Gurguzu yana taimaka wa gidajenmu su ci gaba da siffarsu da motsi. Haka kuma yana taimakawa wajen haɗa kyallen jiki kamar tsokoki, jijiyoyi, da jijiyoyinmu zuwa ga ƙasusuwanmu.
Baya ga waɗannan manyan ayyuka, guringuntsi shi ma babban nama ne a wasu sassan jikinmu. Misali, hancinmu, kunnenmu, da kuma hanyar iskar gas an yi su ne da guringuntsi.
Wadanne nau'ikan guringuntsi ne ke cikin jikinmu?
Akwai manyan nau'ikan guringuntsi guda uku a jikinmu. Kowanne nau'i yana da takamaiman aiki. Bari mu duba menene su.
| Nau'in guragu | Bayani | Wurare a jiki |
|---|---|---|
| Hyaline guringuntsi | Wannan shine nau'in guringuntsi da aka fi sani a jikinmu. Yana da santsi da santsi, yana taimakawa ƙasusuwa su motsa ba tare da sun shafa juna ba. Duk da cewa yana da sassauƙa, yana da ƙarfi sosai don kiyaye siffar gidajen haɗin gwiwa. | - Ƙarshen ƙasusuwan da ke samar da haɗin gwiwa - Tsakanin hakarkarin - A cikin hanyoyin hanci |
| Fibrocartilage | Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, wannan nau'in guringuntsi ne mai ƙarfi wanda aka yi shi da zare mai kauri. Shi ne mafi ƙarancin sassauƙa daga cikin nau'ikan guda uku. Yana taimakawa wajen riƙe sassan jiki a wurinsu da kuma sha manyan girgiza. | - Meniscus na gwiwa - Faifan diski tsakanin ƙashin baya na kashin baya - A matsayin tallafi ga tsokoki, jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini |
| Gurguntsi mai laushi | Wannan shine nau'in guringuntsi mafi sassauƙa a jikinmu. Shi ne abin da ke tallafawa wuraren da ke buƙatar lanƙwasawa da motsawa. Idan muka lanƙwasa kunnuwanmu muka buɗe su, suna komawa ga siffarsu ta asali, ko ba haka ba? Wannan ya faru ne saboda wannan guringuntsi mai laushi. | - Kunnen kunne na waje - Bututun Eustachian - Akwatin Murya/Larynx |
Wadanne cututtuka ne suka fi shafar guringuntsi?
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da ake iya lalata guringuntsi. Wani lokaci yana iya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani a cikin haɗari, ko kuma yana iya lalacewa a hankali akan lokaci.
- Raunuka: Ana iya yagewa ko karyewar guringuntsi yayin wasanni ko wasu haɗurra. Raunuka kamar yagewar meniscus na gwiwa ko kuma cire kafada na iya lalata guringuntsi a cikin haɗin gwiwa. Wani lokaci, raunin da ya faru a haɗin gwiwa na iya haifar da wata cuta da ake kira "Osteochondritis dissecans".
- Ciwon gwiwa: A taƙaice dai, ciwon gwiwa shine nau'in ciwon gwiwa da ya fi yawa. Yayin da muke tsufa, guringuntsi a cikin gidajenmu yana raguwa a hankali. Wannan yana rage ƙusoshin ƙashi, yana haifar da ciwo da kumburi a gidajen.
- Faifan Herniated: Wannan ana kiransa da "faifan zamewa." Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne lokacin da faifan cartilage tsakanin ƙashin baya a cikin kashin bayanmu suka yage ko suka lalace.
Ta yaya likita zai gano matsala da guringuntsi?
Ba yawanci likitanka zai duba guringuntsi shi kaɗai ba. Madadin haka, zai yi cikakken gwajin jiki don neman alamun cutar. Bugu da ƙari, za su iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje don duba cikin jiki, kamar:
- X-ray
- Duban MRI (MRI)
- CT scan
Menene maganin guraguwa da ta lalace?
Hanyoyin magani sun bambanta dangane da wurin da kuma yanayin lalacewar. Sau da yawa, idan guringuntsi ya lalace, sauran kyallen da ke kewaye suma suna lalacewa. Saboda haka, likita yana sha'awar maganin dukkan raunin.
Wasu raunukan guringuntsi suna warkewa bayan lokaci da hutawa. Amma wasu manyan raunuka suna buƙatar tiyata. Sau da yawa ana yin wannan ta hanyar tiyatar ramin maɓalli da ake kira arthroscopy. A cikin wannan aikin, likitan tiyata na iya dinka guringuntsi da ya yage tare ko gyara shi ko aske shi don dawo da aikinsa. Yi magana da likitanka game da maganin da kake buƙata da lokacin murmurewa.
Mafi mahimmanci, saboda guringuntsi ba shi da isasshen jini kai tsaye (avascular), yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan kafin ya warke fiye da sauran sassan jiki.
Ta yaya muke kiyaye lafiyar guringuntsi?
Kyawawan halaye na lafiya suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye guringuntsi da sassan jikin da yake tallafawa lafiya.
- Motsa jiki akai-akai: Ƙarfafa tsokoki da ke kewaye da gidajen haɗin gwiwa na iya rage matsin lamba a gidajen haɗin gwiwa.
- Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace: Yayin da nauyin jikinki ke ƙaruwa, matsin lamba a kan gidajenki, musamman gwiwoyinki da kugu, yana ƙaruwa. Kiyaye nauyinki zai iya taimakawa wajen rage lalacewa da tsagewar guringuntsi.
- A guji shan taba: Shan taba da kuma amfani da wasu kayayyakin taba suna rage saurin warkewa domin yana rage kwararar jini zuwa kyallen jiki.
Idan kana murmurewa daga rauni, ka tabbata ka bi umarnin likitanka. Yana da matukar muhimmanci ka huta har sai ka warke gaba daya. Idan ka fara wasanni ko gudu kafin guringuntsi ya warke gaba daya, za ka iya sake samun rauni a wannan yanki.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Cartilage muhimmin nama ne da ke kare gidajenmu da ƙasusuwanmu kuma yana aiki kamar "mai shaye-shaye" na jiki.
- Akwai manyan nau'ikan guringuntsi guda uku a jikinmu (hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic), kowannensu yana da aiki daban-daban.
- Gurguzu na iya lalacewa ta hanyar haɗari da osteoarthritis waɗanda ke faruwa tare da tsufa.
- Tunda guringuntsi ba shi da jini kai tsaye, yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kafin ya warke idan ya lalace. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a huta har sai ya warke gaba ɗaya, ba tare da gaggawa ba.
- Kula da salon rayuwa mai kyau (motsa jiki, rage nauyi) na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar guringuntsi na dogon lokaci.
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