Babban manzon kwakwalwa: Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Glutamate!

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda bayanai ke canjawa a kwakwalwarka? Idan muka koyi wani sabon abu, idan muka tuna wani abu da ya tsufa, akwai ƙaramin saƙon sinadarai mai mahimmanci wanda ke taimaka mana mu yi duk wannan daga baya. Wannan ana kiransa Glutamate . A gaskiya ma, ba tare da shi ba, kwakwalwarmu za ta zama ruɗani. Don haka a yau za mu yi magana game da abin da wannan Glutamate yake, ayyukan da yake yi a jikinmu, musamman a cikin kwakwalwa, dalilin da ya sa yake da mahimmanci, amma kuma waɗanne matsaloli ne za su iya tasowa a wasu lokutan idan adadinsa ya ƙaru ko ya ragu. A taƙaice, za mu yi magana game da duk wannan ta hanyar da za ku iya fahimta.

Menene ainihin Glutamate?

A taƙaice dai, Glutamate wani nau'in neurotransmitter ne . Ka yi tunanin neurotransmitter a matsayin ƙananan manzanni waɗanda ke ɗauke da saƙonni tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi (jijiyoyi) a cikin kwakwalwarmu. Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke aika bayanai da sigina daga wannan ƙwayar jijiya zuwa wani.

A cikin kwakwalwarmu, glutamate shine babban mai motsa jijiyoyi . "Excitatory" yana nufin yana motsa ƙwayar jijiya, wanda ke nufin yana "tashi." Sannan yuwuwar wannan saƙon ya ci gaba zuwa ƙwayar jijiya ta gaba yana ƙaruwa. Kamar tashe wani ne ta hanyar buga ƙofarsa. Don haka, glutamate yana da mahimmanci ga kwakwalwa ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata.

Yanzu za ku iya mamakin yadda da kuma inda ake samar da wannan glutamate. Ana sake yin amfani da Glutamate kuma a sake yin sabo a cikin kwakwalwarmu ta hanyar wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta na musamman da ake kira ƙwayoyin glial . Kwayoyin glial wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne mai tallafi wanda ke taimakawa, ciyarwa, da kare ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi a cikin kwakwalwa. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin glial suna ɗaukar glutamate da aka yi amfani da shi kuma suna canza shi zuwa wani sinadari da ake kira glutamine . Sannan, lokacin da wannan glutamine ya sake isa yankin ƙarshe na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, sai ya koma glutamate. Shin ba hanya ce mai ban mamaki ba?

Ba wai kawai ba, glutamate yana da mahimmanci don samar da wani muhimmin mai ba da labari gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) . GABA an san shi da "mai kwantar da hankali". GABA yana taimakawa da abubuwa kamar barci, shakatawa, sarrafa damuwa, da aikin tsoka. Don haka, yayin da glutamate ke motsa jiki a gefe ɗaya, yana kuma taimakawa wajen samar da wani abu mai kwantar da hankali a ɗayan gefen.

Glutamate ba wai kawai mai samar da neurotransmitter ba ne. Haka kuma amino acid ne. Amino acid su ne ginshiƙan gina furotin. Kamar tubalan gini. Glutamate shine amino acid mafi yawan a jikinmu. A cikin jiki, ana samar da Glutamate kuma ana adana shi a cikin kyallen tsoka.

Haka kuma, wataƙila kun fi jin labarin glutamate saboda sinadarin monosodium glutamate (MSG) mai ƙara abinci. Ana kuma samun Glutamate a cikin sinadarin dandanon abinci na MSG.

To ta yaya wannan glutamate yake aiki? Abin mamaki ne!

Kwayoyin jijiyoyi suna samar da na'urorin watsa sakonni na jijiyoyi kamar glutamate. Ana adana su a cikin ƙananan jakunkuna da ake kira synaptic vesicles a tashar axon na ƙwayar jijiya. Ka yi tunanin waɗannan a matsayin ƙananan kumfa. Kumfa ɗaya zai iya ƙunsar dubban waɗannan ƙwayoyin neurotransmitter!

Yanzu, lokacin da saƙo ko sigina ke tafiya a kan ƙwayar jijiya, yanayin wutar lantarki na wannan siginar yana sa waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cike da glutamate su buɗe su saki glutamate ɗin zuwa wani ƙaramin rami mai cike da ruwa da ake kira synapse tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi guda biyu. Kamar gada ne. A ɗayan gefen wannan gibin akwai ƙwayar jijiya ta gaba. Yanzu wannan glutamate dole ne ya je ya ɗaure ga masu karɓa na musamman a ɗayan ƙwayar jijiya waɗanda ke karɓar saƙon. Kamar maɓalli ne da ke shiga cikin makulli. Da zarar an haɗa shi, glutamate yana haifar da wani canji ko aiki a cikin ƙwayar jijiya ta gaba. A lokacin ne saƙon ke ci gaba da tafiya daga ƙwayar jijiya zuwa ƙwayar jijiya.

Ba kamar sauran masu amfani da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi ba, glutamate na iya ɗaurewa da masu karɓa guda huɗu daban-daban ! Ka yi tunanin hakan a matsayin buɗe makullai huɗu da maɓalli ɗaya. Wannan ikon yana ba glutamate damar samun tasiri iri-iri a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma sadarwa da sauran ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. Glutamate yana da alhakin fiye da kashi 90% na ayyukan motsa jiki a cikin kwakwalwar ɗan adam. Za ku iya tunanin yadda hakan yake da mahimmanci?

A cikin kwakwalwarmu, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suna haɗuwa don samar da ƙananan da'irori. Waɗannan ƙananan da'irori suna taimakawa wajen yin ƙananan ayyuka kamar tunawa da abubuwan tunawa. Kuma, manyan hanyoyin sadarwa masu faɗi suna taimakawa wajen manyan ayyuka masu rikitarwa kamar gani, ji, da motsi. Glutamate shine babban mai ba da amsa ga sakonnin sinadarai ta cikin waɗannan da'irori da hanyoyin sadarwa. Yadda glutamate ke aiki a synapse tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi yana ƙarfafa ko raunana siginar sadarwa tsakanin waɗannan ƙwayoyin. Yana shafar kai tsaye yadda ake gudanar da aikin da ya dace. Idan glutamate ba a saki shi a daidai lokacin ba, a wurare masu dacewa, kuma a daidai adadin, sadarwa tana lalacewa. Hakazalika, idan glutamate ya yi yawa, yana iya lalata ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da lalata hanyar sadarwar kanta.

Wane irin hidima glutamate ke yi wa jikinmu?

Ga wasu muhimman ayyukan da glutamate ke yi a jikinmu:

• Koyo da ƙwaƙwalwa:Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, saboda yana iya mu'amala da masu karɓa guda huɗu daban-daban, glutamate yana da damar da ta fi girma ta aika saƙonni cikin nasara da sauri tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. Wannan saurin musayar sigina da sarrafa bayanai yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga koyo da ƙwaƙwalwa. Ba wai kawai ba, glutamate kuma yana ba ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi damar haɗa bayanai masu alaƙa da juna. Wannan shine tushen ƙwaƙwalwa. Yi tunani game da shi, lokacin da ka koyi wani sabon abu, sabbin hanyoyi suna samuwa a cikin kwakwalwa.
• Tushen kuzari ga ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa: Idan glucose, babban tushen kuzarin jikinmu, ya yi ƙasa, glutamate zai iya samar da makamashi ga ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. Yana kama da tushen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi.
• Mai aika sinadarai: Wannan shine babban aikinsa. Glutamate yana taimakawa wajen aika saƙonnin sinadarai tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi.
• Gudanar da zagayowar barci da farkawa: A cewar binciken dabbobi, matakan glutamate suna da yawa lokacin da muke farkawa da kuma lokacin da muke cikin yanayin barci mai sauri na "Rapid Eye Movement" (REM). Barci mai kyau yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwa mai lafiya.
• Alamar ciwo: Akwai alaƙa tsakanin ƙaruwar matakan glutamate da ƙaruwar matakan fahimtar ciwo. Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da muka ji rauni, yana kuma taimakawa wajen isar da wannan ciwon ga kwakwalwa.

Ta yaya glutamate ke ƙaruwa a cikin kwakwalwarmu?

A wasu lokutan, yawan glutamate a cikin kwakwalwarmu na iya yin yawa sosai. Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da hakan:

• Fitar glutamate mai yawa daga ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi.
• Ana fitar da Glutamate kai tsaye daga ƙwayoyin glial a cikin kwakwalwa, wanda hakan ke ƙara yawan glutamate a cikin kwakwalwa.
• Glutamate da ya wuce kima yana nan a cikin ƙaramin rata tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi (synapse). Sannan, masu karɓar glutamate da yawa suna ci gaba da aiki, kuma ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi za su iya ci gaba da motsawa.
• Masu karɓar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suna yin saurin kamuwa da glutamate. Wannan yana nufin cewa ko da ƙananan ƙwayoyin glutamate ana samar da su don ƙarfafa su.

Me zai faru idan glutamate ya ƙaru? Wannan yana da haɗari!

Idan yawan glutamate a cikin kwakwalwa ya ƙaru da yawa, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na iya zama masu yawan motsa jiki. Wannan yawan motsa jiki na iya lalata ko ma kashe ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa . A wannan yanayin, glutamate ana kiransa excitotoxin . Wato, yana aiki a matsayin mai motsa jiki da guba a lokaci guda.

An danganta ƙaruwar matakan glutamate a cikin kwakwalwa da wasu cututtuka na lafiya, ciki har da:

• Ciwon sclerosis na gefe na Amyotrophic (Ciwon sclerosis na gefe na Amyotrophic - cutar Lou Gehrig):A wannan yanayin, tsokoki suna raunana a hankali.
• Ciwon Sclerosis Mai Yawa: Cutar da ke shafar tsarin jijiyoyi.
• Cutar Alzheimer: Wataƙila ka taɓa jin labarinta, wata cuta da ta zama ruwan dare gama gari wadda ke haifar da rashin tunawa.
• Cutar Parkinson: Tana shafar motsin jiki, ana iya ganin alamun kamar girgiza a gaɓoɓi.
• Cutar Huntington: Cutar da aka gada wadda ke lalata ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa.
• Shanyewar jiki: Yanayi ne da ke faruwa sakamakon katsewar jinin da ke shiga kwakwalwa.
• Fibromyalgia: Yana haifar da ciwo da gajiya a ko'ina cikin jiki.
• Ciwon gajiya mai tsanani: Gajiya mai tsanani na dogon lokaci.

Akwai kuma matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ake tsammanin suna faruwa ne sakamakon matsalolin samar da glutamate ko amfani da shi:

• Yanayi da matsalolin damuwa .
• Ciwon Autism .
• Damuwa .
• Cutar da ke damun mutum (OCD) cuta ce da ke tattare da tunani da ayyuka marasa so .
Schizophrenia yana da motsin rai .

Muhimmi: Duk da cewa rashin daidaiton glutamate na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin dalilan waɗannan yanayi, waɗannan yanayi ne masu rikitarwa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da wasu dalilai da yawa. Likita ne kawai zai iya yin cikakken ganewar asali.

To me zai faru idan glutamate ya ragu?

Baya ga ƙara yawan glutamate, rage yawan glutamate a cikin kwakwalwa shi ma matsala ce. Ana tsammanin hakan na iya haifar da waɗannan abubuwa:

• Matsalar mayar da hankali : Wahalar mai da hankali kan aiki ko karatu.
• Gajiya a Hankali : Kwakwalwa tana jin gajiya sosai.
• Rashin barci : Wahalar yin barci da daddare.
• Ƙarancin kuzari : Jin kamar babu komai a wurin.

A ƙarshe, abin da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Don haka, wataƙila yanzu kun fahimci yadda glutamate mai aiki da jijiyoyin jini yake da mahimmanci kuma ba makawa ga kwakwalwarmu da tsarin jijiyoyinmu na tsakiya. Glutamate yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiki yadda ya kamata a kwakwalwarmu, musamman wajen tsara abubuwa kamar koyo da ƙwaƙwalwa.

Amma mafi mahimmanci shine cewa glutamate dole ne ya kasance a lokacin da ya dace, a wurare masu dacewa, da kuma a cikin isasshen taro.Idan glutamate yana cikin kwakwalwa, a wuri mara kyau, a cikin yawan mai da yawa, na tsawon lokaci, yana iya lalata ko ma kashe ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da ke haifar da jijiyoyin kwakwalwa da muka tattauna, kamar cutar Parkinson, cutar Alzheimer, da cutar Huntington, suna da alaƙa da wannan yawan motsa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. Matsalolin da ke tattare da samar da glutamate ko amfani da shi na iya dangantawa da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, kamar autism, baƙin ciki, da schizophrenia.

Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a san wannan manzon sinadarai mai ban mamaki a jikinmu. Idan kuna da wata matsala ko shakku game da wannan, ya fi kyau ku nemi shawarar likita. Domin kiyaye duk waɗannan a cikin daidaito shine mafi mahimmanci ga rayuwa mai lafiya.

` Glutamate, Kwakwalwa, Mai aika sakonni ta hanyar jijiyoyi, Ƙwaƙwalwa, Koyo, MSG, Lafiyar Hankali, Cututtukan Jijiyoyi