Akwai matsala da ƙwayoyin jininka na farin jini? Bari mu koyi game da Histiocytosis a cikin sauƙi!

Shin kun san cewa wani lokacin wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta a jikinmu suna fara yin abubuwa daban-daban? Wata irin wannan yanayi mai wuya ana kiranta Histiocytosis. Wannan na iya jin ɗan tsoro a gare ku, amma kada ku damu. Bari mu yi magana a kai a hankali kuma ta hanyar da ta dace.

Menene Histiocytosis? A taƙaice...

Jikinka yana da wani nau'in farin jini da ake kira histiocytes. Daga cikin waɗannan farin jini, akwai wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta na musamman da ake kira histiocytes . Waɗannan suna kama da masu tsaron jikinmu. Su ne waɗanda ke yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta masu haifar da cututtuka da ake kira ƙwayoyin cuta , ƙwayoyin cuta , da fungi - kuma suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar garkuwar jikinmu .

Duk da haka, wani lokacin waɗannan ƙwayoyin histiocyte suna fara girma ba daidai ba, wato, suna zama " masu maye gurbi " . Sannan, waɗannan ƙwayoyin histiocyte marasa kyau suna girma da yawa kuma suna taruwa a sassa daban-daban na jikinmu. Idan suka taru da yawa, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu na iya samun matsala. Babban abu shine kumburi , wato, yanayi kamar kumburi, yana faruwa a cikin kyallen jikinmu. Wannan kumburin wani lokacin yana iya lalata gabobinmu.

Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halittar histiocyte marasa kyau na iya taruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ɗinku (wanda kuma ake kira lymph nodes), fata, ƙashi, huhu, hanta, saifa, ko kuma ko'ina a jikinku. Wani lokaci yana shafar wani ɓangare na jikinku kawai. Muna kiran wannan yanayin 'tsarin guda ɗaya '. Wani lokaci kuma yana iya shafar sassa da yawa na jikinku. Muna kiran wannan yanayin 'tsarin da yawa' .

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine cewa histiocytosis ba ciwon daji bane . Duk da haka, wani lokacin yana iya yin kama da ciwon daji kuma yana nuna alamun kama da ciwon daji. Shi ya sa yake da muhimmanci a kula da shi sosai. Saboda alamun wannan sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum kuma tsananin yanayin ya bambanta, wani lokacin yana iya zama da wahala a gano cutar histiocytosis cikin sauri.

Mene ne manyan nau'ikan histiocytosis?

Yanzu wataƙila kun fahimci menene histiocytosis. Akwai nau'ikansa sama da 100. Amma akwai manyan nau'ikan guda uku da muke gani kuma muke magana akai akai. Bari mu duba su.

1. Tsarin ƙwayoyin Langerhans (LCH):

• Wannan shine nau'in histiocytosis mafi yawan lokuta .
• Wannan yanayin ya fi shafar yara ƙanana . Yana shafar tsakanin yara 5 zuwa 9 cikin kowace miliyan.
• A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ba abu ne mai tsanani ba, kuma yana iya zama mai sauƙi kamar "marasa alamun cutar" . Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa a wasu lokuta, wannan na iya zama mai tsanani har ma da barazana ga rayuwa.

2. Cutar Erdheim-Chester (ECD):

• Wannan nau'in ya fi shafar manya .
• Wannan ma yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba .
• Kamar LCH, ECD na iya kasancewa daga mai sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani kuma yana iya zama barazana ga rayuwa.

3. Cutar Rosai-Dorfman (RDD):

• Kamar LCH, RDD galibi yana faruwa a cikin yara , amma kuma yana iya faruwa a cikin manya.
• Wannan ma ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Kimanin mutum ɗaya cikin dubu ɗari biyu ne ake gano yana da wannan cutar.
• Babban nau'in wannan shine 'classical RDD' . Wannan shine lokacin da ƙwayoyin lymph ɗinku (ƙwayoyin cuta) suka kumbura.
• Wani nau'in kuma shine 'extranodal RDD' . A cikin wannan, gabobin da ba lymph nodes ba suna shafar su. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙwayoyin histiocyte da suka wuce kima na iya taruwa a cikin fata, ƙashi, ko wasu wurare.

Yaya ake samun wannan cuta mai suna Histiocytosis?

Haka ne, kamar yadda na faɗa a baya, cutar histiocytosis cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba . A gaskiya ma, nau'ikanta masu tsanani da ciwon daji sun kai ƙasa da kashi 1% na dukkan cututtukan da aka gano a cikin nama mai laushi da ƙwayoyin lymph. Don haka za ku iya tunanin yadda wannan yake da wuya.

Mene ne alamun cutar Histiocytosis?

Yanzu bari mu ga irin alamomin da aka nuna a cikin wannan yanayin histiocytosis. Waɗannan alamun na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum . Dalilin haka shine gabobin da kyallen da ƙwayoyin histiocyte da suka wuce gona da iri ke taruwa a cikinsu, kamar yadda na ambata, da kuma girman lalacewar waɗannan kyallen, suna shafar wannan.

Ga wasu daga cikin alamomin da za ku iya gani (kuma akwai ƙarin):

• Kurajen fata : Ana iya ganin waɗannan musamman a wuraren gashi na kan ƙananan jarirai (muna kiransu 'ƙulli na jariri' ) ko kuma a wurin saka hijabi.
• Zazzaɓi .
• Gajiya, gajiya .
• Ciwon kai.
• Tari ko ƙarancin numfashi .
• Rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba .
• Ciwon ƙashi .
• Kumburin lymph nodes (wannan shine ma'anar kumburi).
• Canjin gani ko kuma kumbura idanu .
• Yawan yin fitsari da kuma yawan ƙishirwa .
• Kumburin fata (har ma yana iya bayyana a fatar ido).
• Wahalar mai da hankali ko tunawa da abubuwa .
• Matsalolin daidaito da daidaito .

Ta yaya alamun ke faruwa? Dangane da inda histiocytes ke taruwa!

Waɗannan alamomin sun dogara ne akan inda ƙwayoyin histiocyte ke taruwa a cikin jiki. Manyan wuraren taruwa sun bambanta dangane da nau'in histiocytosis.

Wuraren da za a iya shafa a cikin histiocytosis na ƙwayoyin Langerhans (LCH):

• Kashi
• Fata
• Kumburi (ƙumburi) na ƙwayoyin lymph
• Hanta
• ƙashi
• Baki
• Huhu
• Tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya (wato, kwakwalwa da kashin baya)

Yankunan da cutar Erdheim-Chester (ECD) za ta iya shafa:

• Dogayen ƙasusuwa (musamman a ƙafafu)
• Idanu
• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya
• Huhu
• Zuciya
• Jijiyoyin jini
• Koda
• Gabobin da ke bayan ciki (muna kiransu 'retroperitoneum' )

Yankunan da cutar Rosai-Dorfman (RDD) za ta iya shafa:

• Lymph nodes (musamman a wuya, amma kuma yana iya faruwa a wasu wurare)
• Fata
• Nau'in nama mai laushi
• Hanyar numfashi ta sama
• Kashi
• Retroperitoneum (gabobi a bayan ciki)
• Idanu

Me ke haifar da Histiocytosis?

Masana kimiyya har yanzu ba su san ainihin abin da ke haifar da histiocytosis ba, amma sun gano cewa yana iya alaƙa da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta .

A taƙaice dai, kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu tana da kayan halitta, ko kuma jerin umarni. Waɗannan umarnin suna ƙayyade yadda waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta ya kamata su yi aiki. Don haka, lokacin da canje-canje a cikin waɗannan umarnin, waɗanda ake kira maye gurbi, suka faru, ƙwayoyin halittar suna fara yin abubuwa marasa kyau. Misali, maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta na iya sa ƙwayar halitta kamar histiocyte ta kwafi kanta ta fara yaɗuwa ba tare da kulawa ba.

Gano waɗannan sauye-sauyen kwayoyin halitta ya ba masu bincike damar ƙirƙirar sabbin magunguna don maganin histiocytosis. Waɗannan jiyya suna aiki ta hanyar hana canje-canje masu cutarwa na ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke ba da damar ƙwayoyin histiocyte su girma ba tare da kulawa ba.

Yaya ake gane histiocytosis?

Idan kana zargin kana da cutar histiocytosis, likitanka zai fara yin gwajin jiki sannan ya tambaye ka tarihin lafiyarka. Sannan, za su yanke shawara kan irin gwaje-gwajen da za su yi bisa ga alamun cutar da kuma gabobin da ake tsammanin suna da illa ga yawan sinadarin histiocytes.

Ga wasu gwaje-gwaje da za ku iya yi:

• Tsarin daukar hoto :
• Likitan ku zai iya yin odar wani gwaji na musamman da ake kira FDG PET/CT scan . Wannan zai iya gano abubuwa kamar ƙari a ko'ina cikin jiki.
• Bugu da ƙari , ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje kamar CT scan, MRI scan, bone scan, ultrasound scan, X-ray, ko echocardiogram (duba zuciya).

• Gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje :
• Likitan ku zai gwada samfuran ruwa, kamar jinin ku ko fitsarin ku, don ganin ko akwai alamun cutar histiocytosis.
• Ana duba adadin ƙwayoyin jininka. Suna kuma neman takamaiman hormones ko sunadarai waɗanda ke nuna yadda gabobinka ke aiki. Idan wani ɓangare ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata, yana iya nuna cewa akwai ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa a cikin wannan sashin.

• Gwajin Biopsy `(Biopsy)` :
• Abin da wannan ke yi shi ne likita ya ɗauki samfurin nama ya duba shi a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa don ganin ko kuna da histiocytosis.
• Hakanan yana neman takamaiman maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta da ke da alaƙa da histiocytosis.
• Wani lokaci, idan ba zai yiwu a yi gwajin biopsy ba, ana iya gwada kwayoyin halitta a cikin jininka. Wannan ana kiransa 'biopsy na ruwa' .

Mene ne hanyoyin magance Histiocytosis?

Maganin histiocytosis ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa . Musamman:

• Yaya tsananin alamunka suke .
• Ko kuna da rauni ɗaya ko da yawa (waɗannan wurare ne na nama mara kyau).
• Ina ne waɗannan 'raunuka' suke a jiki ?
• Ko waɗannan ƙurajen suna da ciwon daji ko a'a .

Likitoci suna yanke shawara kan magani bisa ga waɗannan dalilai. Ga wasu zaɓuɓɓukan magani:

• Ka kula ka jira : Idan cutar histiocytosis ɗinka ba ta da tsanani kuma ba ka da wata babbar alama, likitanka zai iya gaya maka kawai ka kula da lafiyarka.
• Tiyata: Idan ƙwayoyin histiocyte sun taru a wani ɓangare na jiki kawai, ana iya yin tiyata don cire wannan ɓangaren.
• Maganin Radiation : Wannan ya ƙunshi amfani da na'ura don tura hasken radiation mai ƙarfi zuwa ga raunuka. Waɗannan hasken suna kashe ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau kuma suna rage girman ciwace-ciwacen. Wani lokaci maganin radiation na iya taimakawa wajen rage alamun.
• Maganin Chemotherapy (wanda kuma ake kira 'chemo') : Wannan ya ƙunshi aika sinadarai zuwa cikin jinin jikinka don lalata ƙwayoyin histiocyte da suka wuce gona da iri waɗanda suka bazu ko'ina cikin jikinka. Likitoci suna ba da shawarar 'chemo' ne kawai idan ƙwayoyin histiocyte sun bazu ko'ina cikin jikinka.
• Corticosteroids : Magunguna kamar prednisone sun faɗi cikin wannan rukuni. Waɗannan na iya rage kumburi (kumburi) da ke tare da histiocytosis. Ana iya ba da waɗannan magunguna su kaɗai ko kuma a haɗa su da wasu magunguna, kamar chemotherapy.
• Maganin rigakafi : Wannan yana aiki ta hanyar ƙarfafa tsarin garkuwar jikinka, yana taimaka masa ya gane kuma ya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, kamar su ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau.
• Maganin da aka yi niyya : Wannan magani ne na musamman. Ana amfani da wannan maganin don yanayin histiocytosis da ke da alaƙa da wasu maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta.

Za a iya warkar da Histiocytosis gaba ɗaya?

Yana da wuya a ce 'eh' ko 'a'a' ga wannan, domin ya danganta da yanayin da ake ciki. Mutane da yawa da ke fama da cutar histiocytosis suna shiga cikin abin da ake kira 'dorewa remission.' Wato, suna tafiya ba tare da wata alama ko alamun cutar ba.

Wasu nau'ikan histiocytosis, musamman idan histiocytes suna wuri ɗaya kawai a jiki, ana iya warkewa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata . Likitan ku zai yi muku ziyarar bibiya don duba ko akwai sake dawowa.

Duk da haka, idan nau'in histiocytosis ɗin da kake da shi ba za a iya warkewa gaba ɗaya ba, likitanka zai ba da shawarar tsarin magani wanda zai iya taimaka maka wajen magance matsalar.

Menene hasashen wannan yanayin?

Hasashen yanayinka ya dogara ne da dalilai da yawa. Ga wasu mutane, histiocytosis yana inganta shi kaɗai ba tare da wani magani ba . Misali, kusan kashi 40% na mutanen da ke fama da RDD suna samun sauƙi ba tare da magani ba. Haka kuma, lokacin da LCH ke shafar wani ɓangare na jiki kawai (muna kiransa 'LCH na gida') , sau da yawa yakan inganta shi da kansa.

Amma, a wasu lokuta, histiocytosis yana buƙatar magani mai zurfi da kulawa mai kyau, duka a cikin yara da manya.A cikin mawuyacin hali, histiocytosis na iya haifar da lalacewar gabobi har ma da barazana ga rayuwa .

Saboda haka, ya fi kyau ka tambayi likitanka game da hasashen da ya shafi ganewar cutar.

Za a iya hana Histiocytosis? Ta yaya za a iya rage haɗarin?

Gaskiya dai, babu wata hanyar da za a iya hana cutar histiocytosis, amma magani zai iya taimaka maka wajen magance alamun cutar.

Amma akwai abu ɗaya. Daina shan taba zai iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da LCH (Langerhans cell histiocytosis), cutar kansar huhu. Daina shan taba ko kuma rashin shan taba na iya inganta martanin da kake bayarwa ga magani. Idan kana buƙatar taimako wajen daina shan taba, tambayi likitanka game da shirye-shiryen da ake bayarwa na daina shan taba.

Wadanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitana?

Idan an gano cewa kana da cutar histiocytosis, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a gare ka ka yi tambayoyi da yawa. Yana da muhimmanci ka yi magana da likitanka game da duk waɗannan kuma ka fahimci yanayinka sosai. Ga wasu tambayoyi da za ka iya yi:

• Wane irin histiocytosis nake da shi?
• Zan buƙaci magani?
• Waɗanne hanyoyin magani kuke ba da shawara?
• Wadanne illoli za a iya tsammanin su yayin magani?
• Menene sakamakon magani mai yiwuwa?
• Shin yanayina zai iya warkewa gaba ɗaya?

Saƙon Ƙarshe na Ɗauka Gida

A taƙaice dai, histiocytosis suna ne da ake kira da ƙungiyar cututtukan jini marasa yawa waɗanda ke faruwa sakamakon yawan samar da histiocytes, wani nau'in ƙwayoyin jinin fari, a cikin kyallen takarda. Wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama masu sauƙi, ba sa haifar da wata alama, yayin da wasu kuma na iya zama masu tsanani har su zama barazana ga rayuwa .

Duk wanda ke da cutar histiocytosis yana da yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na histiocytes a cikin kyallen jikinsa, wanda ke haifar da kumburi (kumburi). Duk da haka, alamun cutar, magani, da sakamakonta na iya bambanta sosai, har ma a tsakanin mutanen da ke da irin wannan cutar histiocytosis .

Likitanka shine mafi kyawun mutumin da zai fahimci cutar da kake fama da ita da kuma yanayin da ke tattare da ita. Don haka, domin fahimtar cikakken tsarin ganewar cutar da kuma maganinta, kada ka ji tsoron yin tambayoyi. Yi magana da likitanka game da duk abin da ke zuciyarka.

` Histiocytosis, Farin ƙwayoyin jini, Histiocytes, Tsarin garkuwar jiki, LCH, ECD, RDD, Alamomin, Magani