Shin kana fuskantar alamu masu ban mamaki saboda ƙarancin sinadarin calcium a jikinka? Zai iya zama rashin lafiyar thyroid!

Shin wani lokacin kana jin ciwon jiki ba tare da wani dalili ba? Shin gaɓoɓinka suna yin rauni? Ko kuma kawai kana jin kamar fatar jikinka tana rarrafe ne kawai? Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan waɗannan abubuwan na iya zama wata cuta da ake kira hypoparathyroidism, wadda za mu yi magana a kai a yau. Kada ka damu, kodayake wannan cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba, ana iya sarrafa ta idan aka gane ta kuma aka yi mata magani yadda ya kamata. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan dalla-dalla.

Menene Hypoparathyroidism?

A taƙaice dai, rashin isasshen sinadarin furotin a jiki (hypoparathyroidism) yana faruwa ne lokacin da jininka ya samar da ƙarancin sinadarin Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) ko kuma babu shi. Wannan sinadarin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita matakan calcium da phosphorus a jikinka. Don haka, idan matakan PTH ɗinka suka yi ƙasa, matakan calcium a cikin jininka suna raguwa - muna kiransa hypocalcemia - kuma matakan phosphorus a cikin jininka suna ƙaruwa.

Wannan yanayin sau da yawa yana da tsanani , ma'ana yana iya ɗaukar tsawon rai. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, yana iya inganta na ɗan lokaci.

To menene waɗannan glandan parathyroid?

Ka yi tunanin, a gaban wuyanmu, a siffar malam buɗe ido, akwai glandar thyroid. A bayan wannan glandar thyroid, akwai gland guda huɗu, yawanci girmansu ya kai ƙaramin wake. Waɗannan ana kiransu da glandar Parathyroid . Waɗannan ɓangare ne na Tsarin Endocrine, wanda ke samar da hormones a jikinmu.

Wani lokaci waɗannan glands guda huɗu na iya kasancewa a wani wuri a cikin wuya, ƙirji, ko ma a gefen makogwaro. Ana kiran waɗannan glands na ectopic parathyroid .

Babban aikin waɗannan glandon parathyroid shine samar da hormone na parathyroid (PTH). Wannan PTH shine abin da ke kiyaye matakin calcium a cikin jininmu a matakin da ya dace.

• Idan PTH ya ragu: Calcium a cikin jini yana raguwa (Hypocalcemia).
• Idan PTH ya ƙaru: Calcium a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa (Hypercalcemia).

Ba wai kawai ba, wannan sinadarin PTH yana taimakawa wajen daidaita matakan phosphorus da bitamin D a cikin jini da ƙashi.

Menene sinadarin calcium? Me yake yi wa jikinmu?

Calcium ma'adinai ne mai mahimmanci ga jikinmu. Shin kun san cewa yawancin sinadarin calcium da ke jikinmu yana cikin ƙasusuwanmu? Duk da haka, dole ne kuma akwai wani adadin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini.

Bari mu kalli wasu muhimman abubuwa banda sinadarin calcium a cikin jini:

• Yana taimakawa tsarin jijiyoyinmu wajen aiki .
• Yana taimaka wa tsokoki su yi ƙarfi da kuma shakatawa . Wannan shine abin da ke ba mu damar motsa gaɓoɓinmu da kuma tafiya.
• Idan muka ji rauni ko zubar jini, yana taimakawa wajen toshewar jini .
• Yana da mahimmanci ga zuciyarmu ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata .

Yanzu kun fahimci yadda hypocalcemia (ƙarancin calcium a cikin jini) saboda hypoparathyroidism zai iya shafar abubuwa da yawa. Ana kuma buƙatar calcium don kiyaye ƙasusuwa ƙarfi. Amma hypocalcemia raguwa ce a cikin calcium a cikin jini, ba raguwar calcium a cikin ƙasusuwa ba.

Shin rashin daidaituwar electrolyte zai iya haifar da rashin daidaituwar sinadarin thyroid?

Eh, tabbas. Calcium da Phosphorus nau'ikan electrolytes guda biyu ne. Electrolytes ma'adanai ne waɗanda ke da wutar lantarki a jikinmu kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ayyuka masu mahimmanci da yawa. A cikin hypoparathyroidism, calcium a cikin jini yana raguwa kuma phosphorus yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da rashin daidaiton electrolyte. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a gyara wannan.

Akwai wani abu kuma. Magnesium wani muhimmin sinadarin electrolyte ne. Idan matakin magnesium a cikin jini ya ragu (Hypomagnesemia) , hakan na iya zama sanadin hypoparathyroidism. Domin magnesium yana da mahimmanci ga glandar parathyroid su yi aiki yadda ya kamata.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin hyperparathyroidism da hyperparathyroidism?

Waɗannan sunaye biyu suna da ɗan kama da juna, don haka suna iya zama masu rikitarwa. A fannin magani, kalmar "Hypo" tana nufin "ƙasa" ko "bai isa ba." Kalmar "Hyper" tana nufin "ƙari" ko "mafi girma."

• Hypoparathyroidism: Glandan parathyroid ba sa samar da isasshen sinadarin parathyroid (PTH), wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Glandan parathyroid suna samar da PTH da yawa, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar sinadarin calcium a cikin jini.

Mai sauƙi, ko ba haka ba?

Wanene ke fama da wannan yanayin da ake kira hypoparathyroidism?

Wannan na iya faruwa ga manya da kuma yara ƙanana. Amma kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba .

• Ga manya: Wannan yakan faru ne sakamakon lalacewar glandar parathyroid ba zato ba tsammani yayin tiyatar wuya - misali, tiyatar thyroid.
• Ga yara: Wannan sau da yawa yana faruwa ne sakamakon wata cuta ta kwayoyin halitta da ake kira DiGeorge Syndrome a cikin yara.

Ko a ƙasa kamar Amurka, ana cewa wannan yanayin yana shafar mutane ƙasa da dubu ɗari biyu. Don haka a ƙasarmu, yana iya zama ƙasa da haka.

Mene ne manyan dalilan da ke haifar da hypoparathyroidism?

Akwai dalilai da dama na wannan.

• Lalacewar glandar parathyroid: Wannan shine mafi yawan sanadin. Kimanin kashi saba'in da biyar cikin ɗari (75%)Marasa lafiya suna kamuwa da wannan yanayin ne idan glandar ta lalace ba zato ba tsammani yayin tiyata a wuya ko glandar thyroid. Wani lokaci, wannan yanayin na iya faruwa shekaru bayan tiyatar. Amma sau da yawa, yana farawa jim kaɗan bayan tiyatar. Hypoparathyroidism da ke faruwa ta wannan hanyar sau da yawa na ɗan lokaci ne, amma a wasu mutane yana iya zama na dindindin. Maganin radiation ba shi da wuya ya lalata waɗannan glandar.

• Yanayin Halittar Halitta: Kasa da kashi goma cikin ɗari (10%) na shari'o'in suna faruwa ne sakamakon yanayin kwayoyin halitta. Mafi yawan waɗannan sune Ciwon DiGeorge . Wannan yanayin kwayoyin halitta ne na chromosomal. Jariran da aka haifa da wannan ciwon ba su da glandar parathyroid. Don haka, saboda ba sa samar da PTH, suna da ciwon hypoparathyroidism na yau da kullun. Kimanin kashi 60% na yaran da ke fama da ciwon hypoparathyroidism ana cewa suna da Ciwon DiGeorge. Hakanan ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar wasu cututtukan kwayoyin halitta da ke da alaƙa da kurma da cutar koda.

• Cututtukan Kariya Daga Cututtukan Kai: Wani lokaci tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga glandar parathyroid bisa kuskure. Ciwon kai na polyglandular na nau'in 1 na autoimmune yana ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan cututtukan. Wannan yana haifar da hypoparathyroidism mai ɗorewa. Hakanan ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar yanayi da ake kira cutar Addison da cutar anemia mai haɗari .

• Matsalolin Shiga Jiki: A wasu yanayin cututtuka, abubuwa kamar ƙarfe (kamar a cikin hemochromatosis) da jan ƙarfe (kamar a cikin cutar Wilson) na iya taruwa a cikin glandar parathyroid. Haka kuma, wasu metastases na ciwon daji na iya lalata aikin waɗannan gland, wanda ke haifar da hypoparathyroidism.

• Ƙarancin Ma'aunin Magnesium: Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, magnesium yana da mahimmanci ga glandar parathyroid don yin aiki yadda ya kamata. Ƙarancin ma'aunin magnesium a cikin jini (hypomagnesemia) na iya haifar da hypoparathyroidism. Wannan ana kiransa functional hypoparathyroidism . Wannan yanayin yakan warware ne lokacin da aka dawo da matakan magnesium.

Mene ne alamun hypoparathyroidism?

Sau da yawa, wannan yanayin yana tasowa a hankali. Saboda haka, alamun na iya zama marasa ma'ana. Wasu mutane ba su ma san suna da wannan yanayin ba tsawon shekaru.

Waɗannan su ne alamomin da za a iya gani gabaɗaya:

• Ƙara a lebe, yatsun hannu, da yatsun ƙafa.
• Ciwon tsoka.Shin kana tuna wani lokacin da kake samun gashi a ƙafafunka da daddare? Abubuwa kamar haka, amma idan hakan ya faru akai-akai, yana iya zama alamar wannan ƙarancin sinadarin calcium.
• Ciwon tsoka (Tetany).
• Ciwon ciki.
• "Hazo a kwakwalwa" yanayi ne da ke sa mutum ya kasa mayar da hankali kuma ya ji kamar ya ɗan rikice.
• Matsalolin bugun zuciya (arrhythmia).
• Farce masu rauni.
• Bushewar gashi da kuma busasshen fata da kuma fatar jiki.
• Bayyanar cutar ido.
• Raunata haƙoran enamel a cikin yara.

Ta yaya likitoci ke gane wannan yanayin?

Yawanci ana zargin cewa akwai ƙarancin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini kuma ana tabbatar da shi idan gwaje-gwaje suka nuna cewa matakan calcium da parathyroid hormones (PTH) na jikin mutum suna da ƙasa.

Saboda alamun ba su da zurfi, likitoci wani lokacin suna gano wannan yanayin "ba zato ba tsammani." Wato, suna fara neman sa ne kawai lokacin da suka ga ƙarancin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini yayin gwajin jini na yau da kullun don wani yanayi.

Idan aka tabbatar mutum yana da ƙarancin sinadarin PTH da sinadarin calcium a cikin jininsa sau biyu cikin watanni shida, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin rashin lafiyar thyroid mai tsanani .

Wadanne irin gwaje-gwaje ake yi don wannan?

Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, likitanka zai yi maka gwajin jiki kuma ya tambaye ka game da alamominka, tarihin lafiyar iyalinka, da kuma magungunan da kake sha.

Bugu da ƙari, ana iya yin ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini na hormone na parathyroid (PTH).
• Gwajin jini na calcium.
• Gwajin jinin Phosphorus.
• Gwajin jini na magnesium.
• Gwajin fitsari na awanni 24: Wannan yana auna adadin sinadarin calcium da ake fitarwa a cikin fitsari.

A wasu lokutan, likitanka zai iya yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don duba ko akwai wasu illoli masu tsanani da wannan yanayin zai iya haifarwa. Misali:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG ko EKG): Duba matsalolin da ke tattare da bugun zuciya.
• Duban hoton kwamfuta (CT): Duba ga tarin sinadarin calcium a cikin kwakwalwa (Brain Calcifications).

Yaya ake magance wannan?

Babban burin maganin hypoparathyroidism shine rage alamun cutar da kuma dawo da matakan calcium da sauran ma'adanai a jikinka zuwa matakan da suka dace.

Ana iya yin waɗannan a matsayin magani:

• Ƙarin abubuwan da ke cikin Calcium Carbonate da Vitamin D:Mutane da yawa da ke fama da matsalar rashin lafiyar thyroid za su buƙaci shan ƙwayoyin calcium da bitamin D ko ruwa har tsawon rayuwarsu. Wannan shine babban magani na farko ga wannan yanayin. Vitamin D yana da mahimmanci ga jikinmu don shan sinadarin calcium yadda ya kamata. Don haka idan kuna da matsalar rashin lafiyar thyroid, kuna buƙatar shan waɗannan ƙarin magunguna guda biyu.
• Abinci mai yawan sinadarin calcium da ƙarancin sinadarin phosphorus: Likitan ku zai iya ba ku shawara ku ci abinci mai yawan sinadarin calcium (madara, cuku, yogurt, kayan lambu kore) kuma ku rage cin abinci mai yawan sinadarin phosphorus (nama da aka sarrafa, abubuwan sha kamar cola). Duk da haka, tunda yana da wahala a sami isasshen sinadarin calcium daga abinci kawai, shan ƙarin abinci na iya zama dole.
• Allurar Parathyroid hormones (PTH): Idan kari na calcium da bitamin D kadai ba sa sarrafa yanayinka, likitanka zai iya yanke shawarar ba ka allurar parathyroid hormones (PTH).

Akwai wasu illoli na maganin?

Eh, wani lokacin idan adadin bitamin D da calcium da aka bayar a matsayin magani ya yi yawa, matakin calcium a cikin jini na iya yin yawa. Wannan ana kiransa hypercalcemia . Wannan kuma yana da illa ga jiki. Saboda haka, kuna buƙatar yin gwajin jini akai-akai don ganin ko maganin ku yana aiki yadda ya kamata kuma matakin calcium ɗinku daidai ne.

Akwai ƙaramin haɗarin kamuwa da nau'in ciwon ƙashi da ake kira osteosarcoma idan aka yi amfani da allurar parathyroid hormone (PTH) na dogon lokaci. Saboda haka, likitoci suna ba da shawarar yin wannan allurar ne kawai a lokuta masu tsanani, lokacin da wasu jiyya ba su yi nasara ba.

Mene ne abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan yanayin?

Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke ƙara haɗarin haɓakar hypothyroidism:

• Bayan an yi mini tiyatar wuya ko thyroid kwanan nan.
• Tarihin iyali na cututtukan glandar parathyroid.
• Samun wasu cututtukan da ke shafar tsarin endocrine, kamar cutar Addison.

Menene hasashen wannan yanayin?

Hasashen hypoparathyroidism gabaɗaya yana da kyau, musamman idan an gane yanayin da wuri kuma an fara magani mai kyau.

Duk da haka, idan wannan yanayin ya haifar da abubuwa kamar ciwon ido, toshewar kwakwalwa, da canje-canje a haƙori, yana da wuya a iya gyara su. Shi ya sa gano cutar da wuri yake da muhimmanci.

Har yaushe wannan yanayin zai daɗe?

A mafi yawan lokuta, rashin lafiyar thyroid cuta ce ta yau da kullun, ma'ana tana ɗaukar tsawon rai. Duk da haka, rashin lafiyar thyroid na iya zama na ɗan lokaci saboda wasu dalilai (misali, ƙarancin magnesium, na ɗan lokaci bayan tiyata).

Wadanne matsaloli ne za su iya tasowa daga wannan?

Idan ba a kula da hypothyroidism yadda ya kamata ba, matsaloli daban-daban na dogon lokaci na iya faruwa:

• Matsalolin aikin koda.
• Duwatsun koda.
• Ciwon ido.
• Calcium yana taruwa a sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwa.

Wannan yanayin, musamman a yara, na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar:

• Rashin ci gaba.
• Matsalolin hakori.
• Ci gaban kwakwalwa a hankali.

Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a lura cewa idan matakin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini ya ragu ba zato ba tsammani kuma ya yi tsanani (Acute Hypocalcemia), idan ba a yi maganinsa da sauri ba, zai iya haifar da yanayi masu barazana ga rayuwa kamar farfadiya da wahalar numfashi saboda ciwon makogwaro . Idan kun fuskanci waɗannan alamun (misali, matsanancin girgizar tsoka, girgiza), ya kamata ku je asibiti mafi kusa nan da nan.

Yaushe ya kamata ka ga likita?

• Idan kana da alamun da kake ganin suna iya zama hypoparathyroidism, tabbatar da ganin likita.
• Idan an riga an gano cewa kana da matsalar rashin lafiyar thyroid, ya kamata a riƙa duba yawan sinadarin calcium a cikin jininka akai - akai kamar yadda likitanka ya umarta domin tabbatar da cewa kana samun maganin da ya dace.
• Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, idan kun fuskanci alamun rashin isasshen sinadarin calcium a jiki, kamar su bugun tsoka ko farfadiya kwatsam , ku je asibiti mafi kusa nan da nan.

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna (Saƙon Kai-Gida)

Ciwon suga (hypoparathyroidism) cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba, amma ana iya magance ta kuma ana iya sarrafa ta . Alamomin na iya zama marasa sauƙi kuma suna da wahalar ganewa. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a gaya wa likitanka idan kana da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan yanayin (misali, idan ka yi wa wuya kwanan nan tiyata ko kuma idan wani a cikin iyalinka yana da cutar parathyroid).

Gwaje-gwajen jini kaɗan masu sauƙi na iya duba hormone na parathyroid (PTH) da matakan calcium. Idan ka gane wannan yanayin da wuri, za ka iya fara magani mai kyau, hana rikitarwa, da kuma rayuwa mai kyau. Don haka, kada ka firgita, amma ka san wannan. Idan kana da wata damuwa, kada ka yi jinkirin yin magana da likitanka.

` Hypoparathyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, Parathyroid glands, Parathyroid hormone, PTH, Calcium, Hypocalcemia, Phosphorus, Vitamin D, Electrolytes, Alamomin, Magani