Ƙananan jarumai a jikinmu - komai game da ƙwayoyin beta!

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yawan abubuwan ban mamaki da ke faruwa a cikin jikinmu? Miliyoyin ƙwayoyin halitta, ƙanana har ba a iya ganinsu ga ido ba, suna sa mu rayu. A yau za mu yi magana game da wasu daga cikin waɗannan jaruman ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta masu mahimmanci, amma ba sanannun ba. Su ƙwayoyin beta ne. A taƙaice dai, ana kiran waɗannan 'ƙwayoyin beta'. Bari mu ga su waye waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta, abin da suke yi, da abin da zai faru idan sun ɓace.

Menene ƙwayoyin beta? Ina suke?

To, da farko bari mu ga irin ƙwayoyin halitta ne waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta. Waɗannan nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne na musamman. Babban aikinsu shine samar da wani sinadari mai mahimmanci ga jikinmu, hormone. Ana kiransa insulin .

Yanzu sai ka tambaya, "To, ina waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta suke a cikin jiki?" Suna cikin wani ƙaramin abu mai mahimmanci a cikin cikinmu, kaɗan a bayan ciki. Muna kiran wannan gabar da pancreas . Pancreas gland ne. Wato, wuri ne da ake samar da sinadarai daban-daban kuma ake fitar da su. Akwai ƙananan tarin ƙwayoyin halitta kamar tsibirai a nan da can a cikin wannan pancreas. Waɗannan tarin ƙwayoyin halitta sune inda yawancin waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta suke. A takaice dai, ana kiran waɗannan wurare masu kama da tsibirai 'Tsibirin Langerhans'. Wannan ɗan suna ne na kimiyya, amma yana da kyau a sani.

Sihiri na insulin!

Mun dai ce ƙwayoyin beta suna samar da wani hormone da ake kira insulin. Menene ainihin insulin? Me yake yi?

A taƙaice dai, insulin wani muhimmin hormone ne da ke sarrafa matakin sukari, ko glucose, a cikin jininmu. Ka yi tunanin hakan. Idan muka ci abinci, carbohydrates da ke cikin wannan abincin suna narkewa kuma suna canzawa zuwa glucose. Wannan glucose shine babban mai da ke samar da makamashi ga ƙwayoyin jikinmu. Yana kama da fetur ga mota.

Amma, bai isa ba wannan glucose ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin jini kawai. Yana buƙatar shiga cikin tiriliyan ƙwayoyin halitta a jikinmu don samar da kuzari. A nan ne insulin ke shiga don taimakawa.

Insulin yana aiki kamar maɓalli. Ita ce maɓalli da ke buɗe ƙofofin ƙwayoyin jikinmu kuma tana ba da damar glucose ya shiga.

Don haka, ba tare da insulin ba, glucose da ke cikin jini ba zai iya shiga ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Sannan matakin glucose a cikin jini yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Wannan ba shi da kyau ga jiki kwata-kwata.

Me zai faru ba tare da glucose ba?

Bari mu yi ɗan bayani game da glucose, domin glucose muhimmin abu ne a cikin wannan labarin ƙwayoyin beta da insulin.

Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, glucose shine babban mai da ke samar da makamashi ga jikinmu. Duk abin da muke yi - numfashi, tunani, tafiya, gudu, tsalle - yana buƙatar kuzari. Wannan kuzarin yana fitowa ne daga glucose.

Muna samun glucose daga abinci da yawa da muke ci, kamar shinkafa, burodi, dankali, dankali mai zaki, da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Idan aka narke su, sai su koma glucose su shiga jini.

• Idan matakan glucose a cikin jini suka ƙaru da yawa: Wannan na iya haifar da lahani daban-daban ga jiki. Idan matakan glucose na jini suka yi yawa na dogon lokaci, yana iya lalata muhimman gabobin jiki kamar idanu, koda, jijiyoyi, da zuciya.
• Idan matakan glucose a cikin jini suka ragu sosai (Hypoglycemia): Wannan ma matsala ce. Sannan jiki zai iya fuskantar alamu kamar rashin kuzari, gajiya, jiri, da gumi.

Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kiyaye matakin glucose a cikin jini a matakin da ya dace. Wannan shine abin da insulin da ƙwayoyin beta ɗinmu ke samarwa ke taimakawa.

Pancreas - Ƙaramin masana'anta a jikinmu!

Yanzu mun san cewa ana samun ƙwayoyin beta a cikin pancreas. Wannan gabobi da ake kira pancreas kamar ƙaramin masana'anta ne. Ba wai kawai yana yin aiki ɗaya ba.

• Samar da insulin: Ana yin hakan ta hanyar ƙwayoyin beta.
• Samar da wasu hormones: Sauran nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin pancreas suna samar da wasu hormones, kamar glucagon. Glucagon hormone yana yin akasin abin da insulin ke yi. Wato, lokacin da matakin glucose a cikin jini ya ragu, yana taimakawa wajen dawo da shi zuwa matakin da ake buƙata.
• Taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci: Enzymes da pancreas ke samarwa suna taimakawa wajen narke furotin, mai, da kuma carbohydrates a cikin abincin da muke ci.

Kun gani? Pancreas ƙaramin abu ne amma mai mahimmanci. Don haka idan wani abu ya lalace a cikin ƙwayoyin beta da ke cikinsa, yana shafar dukkan jikinmu.

Alaƙa tsakanin ciwon sukari na nau'in 1 da ƙwayoyin beta

Wataƙila kun ji labarin cutar "ciwon suga." Akwai manyan nau'ikan ciwon suga guda biyu. Su ne Ciwon suga na nau'in 1 da Ciwon suga na nau'in 2. A duka biyun, abin da ke faruwa da ƙwayoyin beta ɗinmu ya ɗan bambanta.

Abin da ke faruwa a yanayin ciwon suga na nau'in 1 da muke magana a kai a yau abin takaici ne. Muna da tsarin da ke jikinmu wanda yake kama da rundunar tsaro, ko ba haka ba? Yana kare mu ta hanyar yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da cututtuka daga waje. Wannan shine abin da muke kira tsarin garkuwar jiki . Yawanci, wannan tsarin garkuwar jiki yana da wayo sosai, yana gane ƙwayoyin halittarmu kuma baya lalata su, amma yana kai hari ga maƙiyan da ke fitowa daga waje ne kawai.

Duk da haka, wannan shine abin da ke faruwa a jikin mutumin da ke da ciwon sukari na Type 1:Tsarin garkuwar jiki yana kai hari ga waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta marasa laifi bisa kuskure. Wato, mai kare mu yana lalata ƙwayoyin halittarmu. Muna kiran wannan yanayin "cutar garkuwar jiki."

Don haka, yayin da tsarin garkuwar jiki ke ci gaba da lalata ƙwayoyin beta, ikon pancreas na samar da insulin yana raguwa a hankali. Daga ƙarshe, lokacin da ƙwayoyin beta suka kusan lalace gaba ɗaya, jiki ba zai iya samar da insulin ba.

Ciwon suga na nau'i na 1 ba cuta ba ce da ke faruwa sakamakon laifin mutum ko rashin iko a kan abincin da yake ci. Yana faruwa ne sakamakon canjin tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Me zai faru idan tsarin tsaron jikinmu ya ɓace? - Ɗan bayani game da tsarin garkuwar jiki

Bari mu yi ɗan bayani game da tsarin garkuwar jiki, domin wannan muhimmin abu ne da ke ƙayyade makomar ƙwayoyin beta.

Tsarin garkuwar jikinmu gabaɗaya tsari ne mai wayo da rikitarwa.

• Suna gane ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke shiga jikinmu.
• Suna yaƙi da su kuma suna kare mu daga cututtuka.
• Haka kuma yana taimakawa wajen lalata ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau, kamar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, waɗanda ke tasowa a jiki.

Duk da haka, wani lokacin ma wannan tsarin mai wayo yana yin kurakurai. Ta hanyar irin waɗannan kurakurai ne ake gane ƙwayoyin halittarmu masu lafiya a matsayin "maƙiya" kuma su fara kai musu hari. Wannan shine abin da ke faruwa da ƙwayoyin beta a cikin ciwon suga na nau'in 1. Masana kimiyya ba su gano ainihin dalilin hakan ba tukuna. A halin yanzu ana kyautata zaton cewa haɗuwar abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli ne ke haifar da wannan yanayin.

Me ke faruwa idan ƙwayoyin beta suka ɓace?

Ka yi tunanin abin da zai faru idan ƙwayoyin beta suka lalace a hankali kuma jiki ba zai iya samar da isasshen insulin ba.

1. Babu insulin: Wannan yana nufin cewa glucose a cikin jini ba shi da hanyar shiga ƙwayoyin halitta.

2. Yawan suga a jini yana ƙaruwa (Hyperglycemia): Duk suga da ba zai iya shiga ƙwayoyin ba yana taruwa a cikin jini.

3. Kwayoyin halitta ba su da kuzari: Idan babu glucose, ƙwayoyin halitta ba su da kuzarin da za su yi aiki.

Saboda wannan yanayin, alamu daban-daban suna fara bayyana.

• Kishirwa akai-akai (Polydipsia): Saboda yawan sukari a jini, jiki yana ƙoƙarin rage shi ta hanyar shan ruwa mai yawa.
• Yawan yin fitsari (Polyuria): Koda na ƙoƙarin fitar da yawan glucose a jiki ta hanyar fitsari.
• Gajiya: Jiki yana jin gajiya sosai saboda ƙwayoyin halitta ba su da kuzari.
• Ko da yake sha'awar ta ƙaru, asarar nauyi tana faruwa:Tunda ƙwayoyin halitta ba sa samun kuzari daga glucose, suna fara amfani da kitse da furotin da aka adana don samar da makamashi. Sakamakon haka, jiki ya zama siriri.
• Gani mara kyau: Idan matakan sukari a jini suka ƙaru ba zato ba tsammani, ruwan tabarau na ido zai iya shafar, wanda ke haifar da gani mara kyau.

Idan ka fuskanci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, yana da mahimmanci ka nemi shawarar likita nan take. Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 1 za su buƙaci shan insulin har tsawon rayuwarsu, ko dai ta hanyar allura ko kuma famfon insulin.

Akwai wata hanya ta hana lalacewar ƙwayoyin beta ko sake gina su?

Wannan tambaya ce mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Domin kuwa ciwon suga na nau'in 1 cuta ce da ke shafar garkuwar jiki, a halin yanzu babu wata hanya ta musamman da za a iya hana ta. Wannan yana nufin yana da wuya a ce, "Idan ka yi haka, za ka iya hana ciwon suga na nau'in 1."

Duk da haka, masana kimiyya suna ci gaba da bincike kan wannan.

• Ta yaya za ku hana tsarin garkuwar jiki kai hari ga ƙwayoyin beta?
• Za a iya sake farfaɗo da ƙwayoyin beta da suka lalace?
• Ko kuma, za a iya dasa sabbin ƙwayoyin beta a cikin jiki?

Suna ƙoƙarin nemo amsoshin tambayoyi kamar waɗannan. Abubuwa kamar dashen pancreas da dashen ƙwayoyin islet sun riga sun yi nasara har zuwa wani mataki. Akwai kuma ƙoƙarin bincike don ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin beta daga ƙwayoyin tushe da amfani da su. Ana iya tunanin cewa waɗannan za su kawo babban bege ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga na Type 1 a nan gaba.

Abu mafi kyau da za a yi a yanzu shi ne ga wanda ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 1 ya sha maganin insulin kamar yadda likitansa ya rubuta, ya duba yawan sukarin jininsa akai-akai, ya ci abinci mai kyau, sannan ya yi rayuwa mai kyau.

Me yasa ya kamata mu duka mu san waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta?

Kawai ka yi tunanin irin aikin da waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin beta ke yi a jikinmu. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci mu duka mu san game da su.

• Samun fahimtar jikinmu: Wannan ilimin yana taimaka mana mu fahimci yadda jikinmu ke aiki da sarkakiya da ban mamaki.
• Sanin Ciwon Suga: Idan muka fahimci menene Ciwon Suga Nau'i na 1, yadda yake tasowa, da kuma abin da ke haifar da shi, za mu iya tallafawa da fahimtar waɗanda ke rayuwa da wannan cuta.
• Jagora Don Rayuwa Mai Kyau: Fahimtar mahimmancin sarrafa matakan glucose na jini, dukkanmu muna da kwarin gwiwa don mu ƙara mai da hankali kan abincinmu da salon rayuwarmu. (Wannan ya fi dacewa da Ciwon Suga Nau'i na 2, amma yana da mahimmanci ga lafiya gabaɗaya).

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata a tuna (Saƙon Kai Gida)

To, bari mu sake duba muhimman bayanai game da ƙwayoyin beta da muka yi magana a kansu a yau.

• Kwayoyin Beta wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne na musamman da ake samu a cikin pancreas.
• Babban aikinsu shine samar da wani hormone da ake kira insulin.
• Insulin yana sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jini. Wato, yana taimakawa glucose shiga ƙwayoyin halitta.
• A cikin ciwon suga na nau'in 1, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana lalata waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta cikin kuskure.
• Idan aka lalata ƙwayoyin beta, jiki ba zai iya samar da insulin ba, don haka matakan glucose na jini suna ƙaruwa.

To, yanzu kun fahimci muhimmancin waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin beta ga lafiyar jikinmu. Sanin waɗannan zai taimaka mana sosai wajen kula da lafiyarmu da kuma lafiyar waɗanda muke ƙauna.

Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da wannan, kada ku yi jinkirin tambayar likita. Ku kasance cikin koshin lafiya!

Kwayoyin Beta , insulin, glucose, pancreas, ciwon suga, ciwon suga na nau'in 1, tsarin garkuwar jiki