Menene Maƙogwaron Ƙashi? Me yasa yake da matuƙar muhimmanci ga jikinmu?

Wataƙila kun ji labarin 'Bone Marrow', ko ba haka ba? Wataƙila daga likita, ko kuma a talabijin. A zahiri abu ne mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙasusuwanmu, wani abu mai mahimmanci ga jikinmu. Kada ku damu, ko da yake wannan na iya zama kamar babban abu, a yau za mu yi magana a kai a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar da za ku iya fahimta.

Menene ainihin maƙogwaron ƙashi?

To, bari mu fara duba menene wannan 'bargon ƙashi' . A taƙaice dai, ɓangaren ne mai laushi, mai laushi, kuma mai kama da jelly a cikin ƙasusuwanmu. Shin kun taɓa ganin bargon a cikin wasu ƙasusuwan dabbobi (misali, ƙashin cinya lokacin da kuke cin kaza)? Wannan shine abin da ake nufi. A Turanci, ana kiransa 'bargon ƙashi'. Yana kama da 'me-ro' .

Wannan ƙashi ba ya cikin kowace ƙashi a jikinmu, amma yana da yawa musamman a cikin manyan ƙashi masu tsayi a jikinmu. Misali, a cikin ƙashin cinyarku, ƙashin cinyarku, ƙashin ƙirji, da haƙarƙari. Duk da cewa ƙashi da yawa a cikin ƙananan yara suna da wannan ƙashi, yayin da muke girma, wato, yayin da muke kai lokacin samartaka, wasu ƙashi suna canzawa kuma suna cika da ƙwayoyin mai. Amma a wurare kamar ƙashin cinyarku da ƙashin cinyarku, wannan muhimmin ƙashi yana aiki a tsawon rayuwa.

Shin kun san cewa akwai nau'ikan bargo guda biyu?

Eh, akwai manyan nau'ikan bargon ƙashi guda biyu a jikinmu. Ɗaya shine bargon ƙashi ja , ɗayan kuma shine bargon ƙashi rawaya . Dukansu suna da ɗan aiki daban-daban.

Madarar Kashi Ja - Masana'antarmu mai yin jini!

Wannan jan ƙashi shine abin da jikinmu ke buƙata, kuma yana yin aiki mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Yana samar da dukkan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini a jikinmu. Ka yi tunaninsa kamar babban masana'anta, yana samar da ƙwayoyin jinin da muke buƙata akai-akai. Menene waɗannan ƙwayoyin jini?

• Kwayoyin Jini Masu Ja (RBCs): Waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen a cikin jikinmu. Ka yi tunanin su a matsayin ƙananan motoci waɗanda ke ɗaukar iskar oxygen daga huhu su kai ta ga kowace ƙwayar halitta a cikin jiki. Wannan iskar oxygen shine abin da ke ba mu kuzari, yana ba mu damar numfashi, kuma yana ba mu damar yin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan ƙwayoyin suka yi ƙasa, muna jin gajiya kuma wani lokacin muna fuskantar wani yanayi da ake kira anemia.

• Kwayoyin Jini Masu Fari (WBCs): Waɗannan kamar masu tsaron jikinmu ne. Kamar sojoji da 'yan sanda a ƙasarmu. Lokacin da abubuwa masu haifar da cututtuka kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙwayoyin cuta suka shiga jiki, waɗannan ƙwayoyin farin suna zuwa su yaƙi su, su lalata su, kuma su cece mu daga cututtuka. Akwai nau'ikan waɗannan ƙwayoyin farin jini da yawa, kuma kowanne nau'i yana da takamaiman aiki. Misali, neutrophils da lymphocytes.

• Platelets:Wani muhimmin rukuni shine waɗannan ƙwayoyin platelets. Idan kana da ƙaramin rauni, ko yankewa, wani jini zai gudana ya tsaya ta atomatik. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin platelets suna taimakawa da hakan. Abin da suke yi shi ne su zo wurin da zubar jini ya haɗu, su samar da gudan jini, su rufe raunin su kuma su dakatar da zubar jinin. In ba haka ba, ko da ƙaramin rauni zai iya zama babbar matsala, ko ba haka ba? Idan akwai yawan zubar jini, yana da haɗari.

Don haka, wannan jan ƙashi shine abin da ke sa dukkan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda uku su kasance masu lafiya kuma suna kiyaye tsarin jininmu lafiya. Shi ya sa yawancin ƙasusuwan da ke cikin ƙananan yara ke cike da wannan jan ƙashi, saboda suna girma da sauri kuma suna buƙatar ƙwayoyin jini da yawa.

Rawaya Madaurin Kashi - Ajiye kitse

Rawayayen ƙashi galibi suna ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin kitse. Wannan kamar ma'ajiyar makamashin jikinmu ne. Ana iya mayar da wannan kitsen zuwa kuzari idan ana buƙata. Haka kuma, a cikin gaggawa, misali, idan akwai babban zubar jini, wannan rawayayen ƙashi na iya komawa zuwa jajayen ƙashi kuma ya taimaka wajen samar da ƙwayoyin jini. Shin ba abin mamaki ba ne? Yayin da muke girma, wasu ƙashi suna da jajayen ƙashi fiye da jajayen ƙashi.

Me yasa bargon ƙashi yake da mahimmanci a gare mu? - Manyan ayyukansa

Yanzu wataƙila kun fahimci muhimmancin bargon ƙashi, musamman jan ƙashi, ga jikinmu. Bari mu sake duba wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukansa:

1. Samar da ƙwayoyin jini: Wannan shine babban aiki kuma mafi mahimmanci. Duk nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini guda uku, jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta, fararen ƙwayoyin halitta, da platelets, ana samar da su ne ta hanyar bargon ƙashi.

2. Taimakawa wajen jigilar iskar oxygen: Kwayoyin halitta ja suna samar da iskar oxygen ga dukkan jiki.

3. Kiyaye garkuwar jiki: Farin ƙwayoyin halitta suna kare mu daga cututtuka.

4. Sarrafa zubar jini: Platelets suna dakatar da zubar jini mai yawa ta hanyar toshewar jinin.

5. Gidan Kwayoyin Halitta: A cikin ƙashi, akwai wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta na musamman da ake kira 'Kwayoyin Halitta' . Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta ba wai kawai za su iya zama kowace irin ƙwayar halitta ta jini ba, har ma da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta a jiki. Shi ya sa ake amfani da 'Stem Cell Transplant' a matsayin magani ga wasu cututtuka.

A taƙaice dai, ƙashi wani abu ne da ke da matuƙar muhimmanci ga rayuwarmu. Yana kama da ƙaramar masana'anta a jikinmu, amma kuma tana da ƙarfi sosai.

Shin matsalolin ƙashi na iya faruwa? - Wasu matsaloli na yau da kullun

Kamar kowace sashe na jikinmu, wani lokacin ƙashi na iya haifar da matsaloli da cututtuka. Idan hakan ta faru, zai iya shafar dukkan jikinmu, domin samar da ƙwayoyin jini yana raguwa. Bari mu dubi wasu manyan matsalolin da za su iya faruwa:

• Ciwon daji: Wannan nau'in ciwon daji ne da ke tasowa a cikin ƙashi. Abin da ke faruwa a nan shi ne cewa ƙashi yana samar da adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin jini marasa kyau, marasa amfani. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau kuma suna rage samar da ƙwayoyin jini masu lafiya.
• Limfoma:Wannan kuma nau'in ciwon daji ne. Duk da haka, yana farawa ne daga ƙwayoyin jinin fararen da ake kira lymphocytes, waɗanda suke ɓangare na tsarin garkuwar jiki. Tunda ana samun waɗannan lymphocytes a cikin bargon ƙashi, lymphoma kuma yana iya shafar bargon ƙashi.
• Rashin Jinin Jini Mai Tsanani: A wannan yanayin, ƙashi ba ya iya samar da isassun sabbin ƙwayoyin jini (jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta, fararen ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma ƙwayoyin platelets). Kamar dai masana'antar ta rufe aiki ne.
• Ciwon Myelodysplastic (MDS): A nan, duk da cewa ƙashin ƙashi yana samar da ƙwayoyin jini, ƙwayoyin da suke samarwa ba sa haɓaka yadda ya kamata, ko kuma aikinsu ya lalace. Kamar gyaran kayan aiki da suka lalace ne.
• Multiple Myeloma: Wannan ciwon daji ne da ke tasowa a cikin bargo wanda ya shafi ƙwayoyin jini (wani nau'in ƙwayoyin jini na farin jini).
• Wasu dalilai: Bugu da ƙari, wasu cututtuka, wasu magunguna (musamman chemotherapy), maganin radiation, da wasu ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki (misali, bitamin B12, folate, ƙarancin ƙarfe) suma suna iya shafar aikin bargon ƙashi.

Idan wannan yanayi ya faru, alamu kamar gajiya, rashin lafiya akai-akai, faɗuwa, da zubar jini na iya faruwa.

Ta yaya za a gano idan akwai matsala da ƙashin ƙashi? - Ganewar asali

Idan likita ya yi zargin cewa wani yana da matsalar ƙashi, zai yi gwaje-gwaje da dama don gano ainihin menene.

• Gwajin Jini: Abu na farko da za ku yi shi ne cikakken ƙidayar jini (FBC). Wannan zai duba adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta, fararen ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma platelets a cikin jininku. Idan akwai babban bambanci a cikin waɗannan lambobi, yana iya zama matsala ga bargon ƙashin ku.
• Bukatar Ƙashin Ƙashi da Binciken Halittar Jiki: Wannan ita ce babbar gwajin da ake amfani da ita don tantance ainihin yanayin ƙashin ƙashi. A nan, ana cire ƙaramin samfurin ƙashin ƙashi ta amfani da ƙaramin sirinji, yawanci daga wani wuri kamar ƙashin ƙugu. Ana kiran wannan 'Bukatar Ƙashin Ƙashi' da 'Biopsy' . Kodayake wannan na iya zama kamar gwaji mai raɗaɗi, likitoci suna yin sa ne don su sa shi ya zama ba shi da zafi gwargwadon iko. Sannan ana duba samfurin a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa don duba nau'in da girman ƙwayoyin.

Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya tantance ainihin irin matsalar da ke cikin bargon ƙashi.

Menene maganin cututtukan ƙashi?

Da zarar an gano cutar ƙashi, maganin ya dogara ne akan abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da yanayin cutar, shekarun majiyyaci, da kuma lafiyarsa gaba ɗaya. Ga wasu daga cikin manyan hanyoyin magancewa:

• Magani: Ga wasu yanayi, ana ba da magunguna waɗanda ke ƙarfafa ƙashi da kuma ƙara yawan samar da ƙwayoyin jini. Don cututtukan daji, ana amfani da magunguna masu ƙarfi kamar chemotherapy .
• Zubar da Jini:Idan adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ya yi ƙasa sosai, ana yin ƙarin jini a waje (jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta, platelets).
• Dashen Maƙogwaro/Dashen Ƙwayar Ƙashi: Wannan magani ne mai sarkakiya. Ya ƙunshi cire bargon ƙashi mai cutar da maye gurbinsa da ƙwayoyin ƙashi masu lafiya (ko ƙwayoyin ƙashi). Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya na iya fitowa daga mai bayarwa da ya dace, ko kuma wani lokacin daga majiyyacin da kansu. Duk da cewa wannan magani ne mai girma da ƙalubale, ya sami damar warkar da wasu cututtukan ƙashi masu tsanani.

Bugu da ƙari, abubuwa kamar kulawa mai tallafi da shawarwarin abinci mai gina jiki suma suna da mahimmanci.

Me za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar ƙashin ƙashinmu?

Tunda bargon ƙashi wani abu ne da ake samu a cikin jiki, za ka iya mamakin ko kana buƙatar yin wani abu na musamman don kiyaye shi. A gaskiya ma, kiyaye rayuwa mai kyau gaba ɗaya shine mafi kyawun abu don lafiyar bargon ƙashi.

• Abinci mai kyau: Ku ci abinci mai kyau wanda ke ɗauke da sinadarai masu gina jiki kamar ƙarfe, bitamin B12, da folic acid. Abinci kamar ganye, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, nama, kifi, da kayayyakin kiwo suna taimakawa wajen magance wannan matsalar.
• A guji abubuwa masu cutarwa: A guji fallasa sinadarai masu guba da kuma hasken rana mara amfani gwargwadon iyawa. Abubuwa kamar shan taba suma suna da illa.
• Shawarwari daga likita: Idan kana da wata alama (misali, gajiya mai ɗorewa, rashin lafiya akai-akai), ko kuma idan wani a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa kamuwa da cutar ƙashi, ka nemi shawara daga likita.

Saƙon Ɗauka Gida

To, a yau mun yi magana sosai game da ɓawon ƙashi, ko ba haka ba?

Bargo na ƙashi kamar ƙaramin masana'anta ne a jikinmu wanda ke yin wani muhimmin aiki a hankali, yana sa mu rayu. Ba za mu iya rayuwa ba tare da ƙwayoyin jinin da yake samarwa ba.

• A taƙaice dai, ƙashi wani ɓangare ne mai kama da soso a cikin ƙasusuwanmu wanda ke yin dukkan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini guda uku: ƙwayoyin jini ja, ƙwayoyin jini fari, da kuma ƙwayoyin platelets.
• Waɗannan ƙwayoyin jini suna taimakawa wajen ɗaukar iskar oxygen zuwa jikinmu, suna kare mu daga cututtuka, da kuma dakatar da zubar jini .
• Wani lokaci, bargon ƙashi na iya kamuwa da cututtuka (kamar cutar sankarar bargo), amma ana iya magance su ta hanyar gwajin lafiya da magani mai kyau .
• Rayuwa mai kyau tana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar ƙashi.

Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da wannan, kada ku ji tsoron tambayar likita. Da zarar mun san game da jikinmu, haka muke kula da lafiyarmu.

` Bargon ƙashi, Kwayoyin jini, Kwayoyin jinin ja, Farin ƙwayoyin jini, Platelets, Leukemia, Dashen ƙashi