Abin da ya kamata ku sani game da cutar hanta mai kitse! 🧠

Suneth (mai shekaru 45) ya zo asibiti a ranar Laraba da ta gabata cikin rudani. Suneth manajan banki ne wanda baya shan barasa kwata-kwata kuma yana yin aikinsa yadda ya kamata. Duk da haka, a lokacin gwajin lafiyarsa na shekara-shekara, enzymes na hanta (AST/ALT) sun yi yawa sosai, kuma gwajin duban ciki ya nuna cewa yana da babban kitse a hanta.

"Dr. Priya, ban taɓa shan ko digo ɗaya na barasa a rayuwata ba. Ta yaya hantata za ta cika da kitse kuma ta kamu da cutar hanta? Ban ma iya tunanin wannan ba," Suneth ta tambaya cikin tsoro.

Na yi wa Suneth bayani cikin nutsuwa. "Suneth, ba kai kaɗai ba, har ma da mutane da yawa a Sri Lanka suna tunanin cewa cutar hanta tana faruwa ne kawai idan ka sha barasa. Amma har ma mutanen da ba sa shan barasa za su iya samun kitse a cikin hanta. A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan Cutar Hanta Mai Kitse (NAFLD) . Mafi tsanani da kumburi a cikinta ana kiranta Steatohepatitis mara barasa (NASH) . A yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan a cikin sauƙi."

🚨 Ja Tutocin da ke buƙatar kulawar likita nan take

Duk da cewa NASH ba zai iya haifar da wata alama a farkon matakai ba, waɗannan alamun na iya bayyana lokacin da ya kai ga gazawar hanta mai tsanani. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana buƙatar a kwantar da shi nan take:

• Rawaya launin fata da fari na idanu (jaundice).
• Ciwon ciki (ascites) yanayi ne da ciki ke kumbura da kuma tsagewa saboda tarin ruwa a cikin ƙananan ciki da ƙashin ƙugu.
• Amai jajayen jini ko kuma bayan gida mai duhu (alamar zubar jini a ciki).
• Jin yawan yin barci mai yawa, rashin fahimtar magana, ko kuma rikicewa mai tsanani (Ciwon Hanta).
• Sauƙin kumbura ko zubar jini a fata.

Menene bambanci tsakanin NAFLD da NASH?

Za a iya raba cututtukan hanta masu kitse ga waɗanda ba sa shan giya zuwa manyan matakai biyu:

1. Hanta Mai Sauƙi (NAFLD): A wannan yanayin, duk da cewa kitse yana cikin hanta, babu wata illa ko kumburi ga ƙwayoyin hanta. Wannan yawanci ba ya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani.
2. Ciwon hanta mai kama da na giya (NASH): Wannan yanayi ne mai matuƙar tsanani. A cikin wannan yanayi, kitse mai yawa a cikin hanta yana sa ƙwayoyin hanta su kumbura su lalace. Wannan yana haifar da wani tsari da ake kira fibrosis, wanda ke haifar da tabo a cikin hanta. Idan ba a yi magani ba, wannan na iya haifar da cirrhosis, yanayin da hanta ke taurare gaba ɗaya kuma ta daina aiki.

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Manyan dalilai da abubuwan da ke haifar da NASH

Matsalolin rayuwa a jiki suna haifar da tarin kitse mara amfani a cikin hanta. Manyan abubuwan da ke shafar hakan sune:

• Kiba ta Tsakiya: Tarin kitse mai yawa a kusa da ciki.
• Ciwon suga na nau'i na 2: Rashin iya sarrafa matakan sukari na jini yadda ya kamata.
• Juriyar Insulin: Rashin iyawar ƙwayoyin halitta don amfani da hormone insulin yadda ya kamata.
• Yawan kitse a jini: Yawan cholesterol da triglycerides.
• Mummunan halaye na cin abinci: Yawan shan abubuwan sha masu zaki da aka yi da roba, abinci mai sauri, da abinci mai yawan sitaci.

Yadda ake gano cutar

Likitoci suna yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don duba ko akwai NASH:

• Gwaje-gwajen jini (Gwaje-gwajen Aikin Hanta - LFT): Auna matakan enzyme na hanta (ALT, AST).
• Duban dan tayi: Yana gano kasancewar kitse a cikin hanta ta hanyar gani.
• FibroScan: Gwaji mai sauƙi don auna tabon hanta (fibrosis) da tauri.
• Binciken Hanta: Gwaji wanda ke ɗaukar ƙaramin yanki na hanta don tabbatar da cutar daidai.

Magani don sarrafa NASH da kare hanta

Duk da cewa takamaiman magunguna da aka rubuta musamman don NASH suna da iyaka, canje-canjen salon rayuwa na iya taimakawa wajen dawo da kitsen hanta gaba ɗaya:

1. Rage nauyi (babban mafita):

Ta hanyar rage kitse a hankali tsakanin kashi 7% zuwa 10% na nauyin da kake da shi a yanzu, kusan za ka iya kawar da kitse da kumburi a cikin hanta gaba ɗaya.