Batu da ya zama ruwan dare a tsakaninmu a yau shi ne 'sukari' ko ciwon suga. Wataƙila wani a cikin iyalinka, aboki ko kai da kanka ka ji labarin wannan yanayin. Duk da cewa kowa yana jin tsoron wannan, ba shi da wahala a shawo kansa kuma a kasance cikin koshin lafiya idan an sanar da kai yadda ya kamata. To menene ainihin matakin sukarin jini (Suga)? Me ke faruwa idan ya ƙaru? Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a hankali kuma a bayyane.
Menene ainihin sukarin jini?
A taƙaice dai, sukari a jini shine adadin glucose a cikin jininmu. Wannan glucose shine tushen kuzari ga jikinmu daga abincin da muke ci, musamman carbohydrates. Kamar fetur ga mota, wannan glucose yana ba ƙwayoyin jikinmu kuzari don yin aiki.
Amma domin a bar wannan glucose ya shiga cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, jikinmu yana buƙatar "maɓalli" na musamman. Wannan maɓalli shine hormone da ake kira insulin . Wannan pancreas ɗinmu ne ke samar da shi. Idan muka ci abinci, matakin sukari a jini yana ƙaruwa. Sannan pancreas yana samar da insulin, wanda ke buɗe "ƙofofin" ƙwayoyin halitta kuma yana ba da damar glucose ya shiga. Sannan matakin sukari a jini yana komawa daidai.
Amma wannan tsari ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata ga wanda ke da ciwon sukari.
- Mutumin da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 1 kusan ya daina samar da insulin gaba ɗaya.
- A cikin mutumin da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 2 , duk da cewa ana samar da insulin a cikin jiki, ƙwayoyin jikin ba sa amsawa da shi yadda ya kamata. Kamar samun 'maɓalli' ne amma 'kulle' ba ya aiki.
Ko da kuwa wane irin ciwon suga ne, sakamakon haka ne matakan sukari na jini ke ƙaruwa na dogon lokaci. Wannan shine abin da muke kira hyperglycemia . A tsawon lokaci, wannan yawan sukari a cikin jini na iya lalata jijiyoyinmu da jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani kamar cututtukan zuciya.
Menene matakin sukari na yau da kullun?
Yawan sukarin jinin mutum mai lafiya yawanci yana cikin wani takamaiman iyaka. Ana auna waɗannan ƙimar a cikin milligrams a kowace deciliter (mg/dL).
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine waɗannan kawai matsakaicin ƙima ne. Idan kana da ciwon suga, ya kamata ka yi magana da likitanka game da yadda ya kamata matakan sukarin jininka su kasance.
Bari mu ƙara bayani game da wannan a cikin teburin da ke ƙasa.
| Lokaci ya yi da za a duba | Matsakaicin ƙima ga mutum mai lafiya (mg/dL) | Manufar mai ciwon suga (yawanci) |
|---|---|---|
| Kafin cin abinci (Azumi - awanni 8 na azumi) | Ƙasa da 100 mg/dL (yawanci tsakanin 72-99) | Tsakanin 70 - 130 mg/dL |
| Awa 2 bayan babban abinci | Ƙasa da 140 mg/dL | Ƙasa da 180 mg/dL |
Menene alamun yawan sukari a jini?
Alamomin yawan sukari a jini (hyperglycemia) na iya bambanta a farkon da kuma ƙarshen lokaci.
| Nau'in alamar | Alamomin da ke nuna |
|---|---|
| Alamomin Farko |
|
| Alamomin Dogon Lokaci |
|
Ciwon suga kafin zuwan cutar, wanda ke nufin cewa idan matakan sukari na jini sun fi yadda aka saba amma ba su kai yadda za a iya gano su a matsayin ciwon suga ba, sau da yawa ba a samun alamun cutar. Shi ya sa yake da matukar muhimmanci a yi gwajin lafiya akai-akai .
Gwaje-gwaje don gano ciwon sukari
Likitoci suna amfani da gwaje-gwaje da dama don gano ko kana da ciwon suga ko kuma ciwon suga kafin a fara.
| Sunan gwajin | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Gwajin Glucose na Jini na Azumi | Ana duba matakin sukari a jini bayan an yi azumi na tsawon awanni 8. Ana ɗaukar ƙimar da ta fi 126 mg/dL a matsayin ciwon suga, kuma ana ɗaukar ƙimar da ke tsakanin 100-125 mg/dL a matsayin kafin ciwon suga. |
| Gwajin Jurewar Glucose ta Baki (OGTT) | Bayan an yi azumi na tsawon awanni 8, ana sha wani ruwa mai sukari na musamman. Bayan awanni 2, ana ɗaukar matakin sukari a cikin jini fiye da 200 mg/dL a matsayin ciwon suga, kuma ana ɗaukar matakin tsakanin 140-199 mg/dL a matsayin kafin ciwon suga. |
| Gwajin A1c | Wannan yana auna matsakaicin matakin sukari a cikin jininka a cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata. Ana ɗaukar ƙimar 6.5% ko sama da haka a matsayin ciwon suga, yayin da ƙimar tsakanin 5.7% da 6.4% ana ɗaukarta a matsayin kafin ciwon suga. |
| Gwajin Sukarin Jini na Bazata | A duba matakin sukarin jininka a kowane lokaci na yini. Idan sukarin jininka ya wuce 200 mg/dL kuma kana da alamun ciwon suga, za a yi maka gwajin ciwon suga kamar yadda aka ambata a sama. |
Me yasa yawan sukari a jini yake da haɗari?
Duk da cewa glucose mai amfani ne ga ƙwayoyin halittarmu a matakan da suka dace, idan ya ƙaru, zai iya zama kamar guba mai aiki a hankali.
Yawan sukari a jini na tsawon lokaci na iya lalata kusan kowace gabobi a jikinmu.
Yawan sukari a jini yana sa bangon jijiyoyin jininka ya yi kauri a hankali kuma ya taurare. Likitoci suna kiran wannan atherosclerosis . Lalacewar jijiyoyin jini na iya haifar da manyan matsaloli kamar:
- Ciwon koda ko gazawar koda , wani lokacin ma dialysis, na iya zama dole.
- Shanyewar jiki
- Ciwon zuciya
- Rashin gani ko makanta
- Rage garkuwar jiki da kuma karuwar barazanar kamuwa da cututtuka akai-akai.
- Matsalar rashin karfin mazakuta
- Lalacewar jijiyoyi (Neuropathy) , wanda zai iya haifar da suma, ciwo, ko rashin jin daɗi a ƙafafu, hannaye, da ƙafafu.
- Rage kwararar jini zuwa ƙafafu da ƙafafu.
- Jinkirin warkar da raunuka da kuma, ba kasafai ake yin tiyata ba, kamar ƙafafu.
Domin gujewa yawancin waɗannan matsalolin, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kiyaye matakan sukari na jini kusa da yadda ya kamata , bin umarnin likitanka .
Yadda ake auna sukari a gida?
Idan likitanka ya gano kana da ciwon suga, za su shawarce ka da ka duba matakin sukarin jininka a gida. Wannan ya ƙunshi amfani da na'urar auna sukarin jini . Wannan yana auna matakin sukarin jininka da ƙaramin digo na jini da aka ɗauka daga yatsanka.
Tambayi likitanka game da mafi kyawun hanyar amfani da wannan na'urar. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a rubuta bayanan a cikin littafin rubutu ko manhaja bayan kowace gwaji. Yi ƙoƙarin rubuta waɗannan:
- Maganin da ka sha da kuma yawan da za ka sha.
- Me ka ci, yaushe ka ci, kuma ko kana azumi?
- Idan ka yi motsa jiki, cikakkun bayanai kamar yadda yake da kuma tsawon lokacin da ka yi shi.
Wannan bayanin zai taimaka muku da likitan ku wajen fahimtar yadda maganin ku ya yi nasara.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Kula da matakan sukari a jini akai-akai yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen shawo kan ciwon suga.
- Ka kula da alamun yawan sukari a jini, kamar ƙishirwa mai yawa, yawan fitsari, da kuma rashin gani sosai.
- Kullum ka bi umarnin likitanka game da gwajin sukari, shan magani, da kuma yin canje-canje a salon rayuwa.
- Daidaitaccen abinci da motsa jiki akai-akai suna da mahimmanci don magance ciwon suga.
- Kada ka yi watsi da duk wata alama. Idan kana da wata shakka ko damuwa, ka ga likitanka nan da nan.
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