Shin kun kuma sami rahoton cututtuka? (Rahoton Cututtuka) – Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe!

Wataƙila ka sami rahoton cututtuka daga likita, ko ba haka ba? Wataƙila bayan an yi maka biopsy, ko bayan tiyata, ko kuma bayan wani gwaji. Idan ka dawo gida, ko kuma lokacin da ka gan shi a cikin bayanan likitancinka na lantarki, abu ne na al'ada a ruɗe ka da kalmomi da lambobi a ciki. Wataƙila kana mamakin menene duk waɗannan kalmomi masu rikitarwa suke nufi. A yau, bari mu yi magana game da menene rahoton cututtuka da kuma yadda za a fahimce shi cikin sauƙi.

Mene ne bayyanar wannan pathology?

A taƙaice dai, rahoton cututtuka rahoto ne da aka rubuta daga likitan cututtuka wanda ke duba samfurin nama ko ruwa da aka ɗauka daga jikinka kuma ya rubuta game da abin da ya gani. Ya kuma haɗa da ganewar asali ko shawarwari bisa ga yadda ƙwayoyin halitta da nama a cikin samfurinka suke kama idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin halitta da nama na yau da kullun.

Ka yi tunanin, idan kana da ƙaramin ƙura a wani wuri a jikinka, likita ya ɗauki ƙaramin guntu ya aika shi dakin gwaje-gwaje. Likitan da ke cikin wannan dakin gwaje-gwaje ya duba wannan samfurin a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa (microscope) sannan ya rubuta bayanansa a cikin rahoto. Wannan shine abin da ake kira rahoton cututtuka. Daga wannan rahoton, za mu iya gano:

• Yadda likita ya ɗauki samfurin, yadda aka shirya shi don gwaji (misali, an sanya shi a cikin abin kiyayewa kamar formalin, ko kuma an yi masa fenti don ya bayyana wasu abubuwa).
• Yadda ƙwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda suke kama a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa (microscope).
• Nawa ne ƙwayoyin halitta daban-daban, sunadarai, da sauran abubuwa, yadda suke kama, da kuma ko waɗannan sun bambanta da abin da likitan cututtuka zai yi tsammani a al'ada.
• Ko samfurin yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko fungi) ko wasu abubuwa na waje.

Menene Pathology?

Ilimin cututtuka shine nazarin cututtuka, musabbabin su, da kuma yadda suke shafar jikin mu. Idan aka ɗauki samfurin nama ko ruwa daga jikin ku, ana aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na ilimin cututtuka don dubawa. A can, masana ilimin cututtuka suna bincika waɗannan samfuran don ƙoƙarin gano yanayin cututtuka. Ana amfani da ilimin cututtuka don abubuwa kamar:

• Gane cututtuka , saka idanu , ko duba cututtuka da yanayi.
• Taimaka wajen yanke shawara kan hanyoyin magani da ake da su.
• Ka ba da ra'ayi game da hasashen wata cuta, wato, yadda cutar za ta kasance.
• Kimanta haɗarin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka (misali, gwajin kwayoyin halitta don maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon daji) .

Yaushe za mu karɓi rahoton cututtuka?

Sau da yawa muna tunanin cewa ana karɓar rahoton cututtuka ne kawai bayan an yi gwajin biopsy don neman cutar kansa. Wannan gaskiya ne, amma ba ita ce kawai hanyar ba. Misali, kuna iya karɓar rahoton cututtuka game da yanayi kamar endometriosis , polyps na hanji , ko duk wani yanayi inda likita ya ɗauki samfurin daga gare ku kuma likitan cututtuka ya yi nazari a kai. Ga wasu misalai:

• Biopsy: Ɗauki wani yanki na nama daga ko'ina cikin jiki don a duba shi.
• Gwaje-gwajen jini: Wasu gwaje-gwajen jini na musamman suma suna samar da rahotanni kamar haka.
• Colonoscopy: Samfurin da aka ɗauka yayin gwajin babban hanji.
• Endoscopy (EGD - Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Samfura da aka ɗauka yayin binciken sassan esophagus, ciki, da sauransu.
• Cholecystectomy: Duba gallbladder da aka cire.
• Gwajin Halittar Halitta: Gano wasu yanayi na kwayoyin halitta.
• Laparoscopy: Samfuran da aka ɗauka daga ƙananan yankewa (misali, don gano endometriosis).
• Lampectomy: Tiyata don cire kumburin nono kawai.
• Mastectomy: Tiyata don cire dukkan nonon.
• Tsarin gano ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurin maniyyi: Tsarin neman ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurin maniyyi.
• Gwaje-gwajen bayan gida: Don neman ƙwayoyin cuta ko wasu abubuwa a cikin bayan gida.
• Swab na Nasopharyngeal: Misali, kamar gwajin Covid.
• Al'adar makogwaro: Don neman kamuwa da cutar makogwaro.
• Gwajin fitsari: Nemi ƙwayoyin cuta ko wasu abubuwa a cikin fitsari.

Menene rahoton cututtuka ya ƙunsa?

Yanzu bari mu dubi sassan da rahoton cututtuka ya fi ƙunshe. Ba duk rahotannin sun ƙunshi duk waɗannan ba, amma waɗannan su ne suka fi yawa.

1. Hanyar Gwaji (Tsarin):

Wannan yana nufin aikin ko gwajin da likitanka ya yi don a aika samfurin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje. Misali, wani abu kamar 'Biopsis na fata' ko 'Colonoscopy tare da cire polyp'.

2. Cikakken bayanin yadda samfurin yake a waje:

Wannan shine abin da likitan cututtuka ke gani ta hanyar duba samfurin da ido tsirara (ba tare da na'urar hangen nesa ba). Yana bayyana launi, nauyi, girma , da sauran halaye da ake iya gani na samfurin. Ka yi tunanin wani bayani kamar, 'Yankin nama mai tsawon santimita 2, launin ruwan kasa.'

3. Bayanin microscopic:

Ga muhimmin ɓangaren. Wannan yana bayanin yadda ƙwayoyin halitta da sauran sassan samfurin suke kama idan aka ƙara girmansu a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa. Likitan cututtuka zai iya gyara nama da ruwa a cikin wani bayani, kamar formalin , sannan ya duba su da tabo na musamman. Wannan yana ba da damar gano sassan ƙwayoyin halitta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta a sarari. Nan ne za a iya tantance abubuwa kamar ko ƙwayoyin halitta 'al'ada' ne, 'al'ada', ko 'akwai ƙwayoyin cutar kansa'.

4. Gefen gefe:

Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci musamman lokacin cire ciwon daji. 'Gefen' yana nufin nama na yau da kullun da ke kewaye da ciwon. Idan ya ce 'bayyananne' ko ' negative gefs', yana nufin babu ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a gefun samfurin. Wannan yana nufin cewa wataƙila an cire ciwon gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, idan ya ce 'positive gefs' , yana nufin cewa ba a cire ciwon gaba ɗaya ba, kuma har yanzu akwai ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage.

5. Mataki da Daraja:

Wannan kuma yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen gano cutar kansa. 'Matakin' yana nuna nisan da cutar kansa ta yaɗu daga inda ta fara a jiki, wanda shine yadda cutar kansar take da tsanani. 'Matakin' yana bayyana yadda ƙwayoyin cutar kansar suka bambanta idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin lafiya na yau da kullun. Da yawan matakin, ƙwayoyin suna da matsala kuma da yuwuwar cutar kansar ta yaɗu.

6. Ƙwayoyin Lymph:

Idan an ɗauki ƙwayoyin lymph kuma an duba su yayin gwajin biopsy, idan an kira su 'positive' , hakan yana nufin likitan ya gano ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin lymph. Idan suna 'negative' , ya gano ƙwayoyin halitta ne kawai.

7. Sakamakon gwajin ƙwayoyin halitta:

Waɗannan su ne sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da ke neman canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halitta ko sauye-sauye a cikin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Waɗannan sakamakon suna da matuƙar amfani wajen yanke shawara kan magunguna ga wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa. Misali, suna iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko wani magani zai yi aiki ga wannan cutar kansa ko a'a.

8. Cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar:

Wannan sashe yana gaya maka ko samfurin yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko fungi. Ana ganin wannan sau da yawa lokacin da aka gwada samfuran bayan gida ko samfuran ruwan jiki.

9. Ganewar asali:

Wannan sashe shine taƙaitaccen bayanin dukkan rahoton . Yana bayyana ganewar ƙarshe na likitan cututtuka bisa ga duk siffofin da aka samu a cikin samfurin. Misali, 'Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ' ko ' Ba a ga cutar daji ba' (Ciwon daji bai bayyana ba) wani abu makamancin haka.

10. Shawarwari:

Idan an yi maka gwaji kamar na colonoscopy, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar a ci gaba da yi maka gwaji ko kuma lokacin da za ka yi gwajinka na gaba.

Har yaushe ake ɗauka don samun rahoton pathology?

Yawanci yana iya ɗaukar mako ɗaya ko fiye kafin a sami rahoton cututtuka. Wani lokaci yakan zo da wuri. Tambayi likitanka lokacin da za ka yi tsammanin sakamakon. Amma kada ka damu idan ya ɗauki lokaci fiye da yadda ake tsammani. Ba lallai ba ne sakamakonka ya yi muni.

Yana da wuya a jira sakamako masu mahimmanci. Yana taimakawa wajen nemo hanyoyin da za ku shagaltu da tunaninku a wannan lokacin.

Me zai faru idan akwai wani abu da ba a saba gani ba a cikin rahoton cututtukan cututtuka?

Idan rahoton cututtukan ya ƙunshi wani sakamako na daban ko wanda ba a zata ba, likitanka zai gaya maka abin da za ka yi a gaba. Wannan zai dogara ne akan abin da likitan cututtuka ya gano da kuma zaɓuɓɓukan magani da ake da su.

Karanta rahoton cututtuka na iya zama kamar karanta taswirar birni da ba a sani ba. Kalmomin na iya zama kamar baƙon abu. Wataƙila ba ku san inda za ku fara ko inda za ku je ba. Amma likitanku zai iya amfani da wannan taswirar don taimaka muku fahimtar ganewar cutar ku da kuma tsara hanyoyin maganin ku. Tambayi likitanku ya bayyana sakamakon cutar ku da kuma yadda suke shafar ku. Tare, za ku iya tsara tafiyarku gaba.

Abu mafi mahimmanci da za a tuna

Rahoton cututtuka rahoto ne da ke bayyana sakamakon samfurin da aka ɗauka daga jikinka. Yana iya zama da wahala a fahimci kalmomin likita a cikin wannan rahoton. Duk da haka, yana iya zama da taimako sosai ga likitanka ya gano yanayinka kuma ya zaɓi mafi kyawun magani a gare ka.

Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da rahoton ko kuma akwai wani abu da ba ka fahimta ba, kada ka ji tsoron tambayar likitanka. Shi ko ita ce mafi kyawun mutumin da zai yi maka bayani a cikin sauƙi. Ka tuna, wannan rahoton muhimmin ci gaba ne kawai a tafiyar lafiyarka. Ka fahimce shi, ka yi aiki tare da likitanka, ka ci gaba.

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