Shin wani lokacin kana jin kamar jikinka baya aiki yadda ya kamata, ko kuma kana jin gajiya sosai? Ko kuma wani lokacin kana jin kamar jikinka yana tafiya a hankali fiye da tunaninka, kuma kana jin damuwa sosai? Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan waɗannan abubuwa na iya zama ƙaramin abu, amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci a jikinka. Wannan shine hormone na thyroid. A yau, bari mu yi magana game da menene wannan hormone na thyroid, abin da yake yi wa jikinmu, da kuma matsalolin da ke tattare da canjinsa.
Menene Hormone na Thyroid? A takaice dai...
Ka yi tunanin jikinka a matsayin babban injina. Hormone na thyroid wani maɓalli ne da ke sarrafa saurin da wannan injin ke aiki, wato, yawan metabolism . Wannan hormone yana da mahimmanci don ci gaban ƙaramin jariri.
Shin ka san wanda ke yin wannan hormone? Ƙaramin gland ne mai siffar malam buɗe ido a ƙarƙashin fata a gaban wuyanka. Muna kiransa glandar thyroid . Yana cikin tsarin endocrine na jikinmu.
Hormones kamar manzanni ne da ke gudana ta cikin jikinmu. Suna tafiya ta cikin jini suna gaya wa gaɓoɓi daban-daban, tsokoki, da sauran kyallen takarda abin da za su yi da kuma lokacin da za su yi hakan.
Yanzu muna magana ne game da metabolism . A taƙaice dai, tsari ne mai sarkakiya wanda ke mayar da abincin da muke ci zuwa kuzari. Kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu tana buƙatar kuzari don yin aiki.
A gaskiya, idan muka ce "hormone na thyroid", muna magana ne game da manyan hormones guda biyu. Su ne thyroxine (Thyroxine - T4) da triiodothyronine (Triiodothyronine - T3) . Sau da yawa muna kiran waɗannan biyun tare "hormone na thyroid". Shin kun san menene? Hormone na T4 yawanci ba ya aiki sosai, wanda ke nufin ba shi da tasiri sosai akan ƙwayoyin halitta. Amma hormone na T3 shine mafi aiki. Lokacin da aka saki T4 daga glandar thyroid, wasu gabobin jikinmu suna canza shi zuwa T3. Sai kawai a lokacin ne zai iya shafar ƙwayoyin halitta da metabolism ɗinmu.
Wani abu kuma shi ne, glandar thyroid tana fitar da wani sinadari mai suna calcitonin . Tana sarrafa kuma rage yawan sinadarin calcium a cikin jini. Duk da haka, calcitonin ba a haɗa shi a cikin sunan "hormone na thyroid" ba, kuma ba ya shafar metabolism na jikinmu kamar T3 da T4.
Ta yaya ake sarrafa waɗannan matakan hormones na thyroid? Wannan wata hanya ce mai ban mamaki!
Ana sarrafa samar da waɗannan hormones na T4 da T3 ta hanya mai rikitarwa, amma mai kyau ƙwarai. Muna kiransa tsarin madauri na amsawa . Wannan ya ƙunshi:
- Hypothalamus : Wannan yana cikin kwakwalwarka. Yana sarrafa abubuwa kamar hawan jini, bugun zuciya, zafin jiki, da narkewar abinci.
- Glandar Pituitary : Wannan kuma ƙaramin gland ne da ke ƙarƙashin kwakwalwa, a ƙarƙashin hypothalamus. Girmansa ya kai kusan wake. Yana samarwa da kuma fitar da nau'ikan hormones guda takwas.
- Glandar thyroid : Malalaci da muka yi magana a kai a baya.
- Ƙara wasu hormones.
Ka yi tunanin wannan kamar aiki ne a babban kamfani.
1. Da farko, hypothalamus (kamar babban manaja) a cikin kwakwalwa yana fitar da wani hormone da ake kira Thyroid-Releasing Hormone (TRH) wanda ke motsa sakin hormone mai motsa thyroid .
2. Wannan TRH yana zuwa ga glandar pituitary (kamar mataimakin manaja) kuma yana gaya masa ya yi kuma ya saki hormone mai motsa thyroid (TSH) .
3. Sannan wannan TSH yana zuwa glandar thyroid (kamar ma'aikaci) ya ce ya yi T4 da T3. Kimanin kashi 80% na hormones da aka yi ta wannan hanyar T4 ne, sauran kashi 20% kuma T3 ne. Domin yin waɗannan T4 da T3, glandar thyroid ma tana buƙatar sinadarin da ake kira iodine . Muna samun sa ne daga abincin da muke ci.
Yanzu wannan jerin hormones ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar abin da ake kira "ra'ayin da aka mayar" . Wato, lokacin da matakan T3 da T4 a cikin jini suka ƙaru, yana zuwa hypothalamus da pituitary kuma yana cewa, "To, ya isa, ku daina yin TRH da TSH." Lokacin da matakan T3 da T4 suka ragu, wannan tsari zai sake farawa. Ta haka ne za mu iya kiyaye matakan hormones na thyroid a jikinmu a wani mataki.
Ka yi tunanin kamar AC ɗin gidanka. Idan ɗakin ya yi sanyi, AC ɗin zai kashe, idan ɗakin ya yi zafi, sai ya kunna.
Duk da haka, idan akwai matsala da hypothalamus, glandar pituitary, ko glandar thyroid, daidaiton hormones, gami da T3 da T4, na iya lalacewa.
Me hormones na thyroid ke yi wa jikinmu? Ko kuma, rawar da suke takawa!
Bayan an saki T4 cikin jini daga glandar thyroid, wasu ƙwayoyin halitta a jikinmu suna mayar da shi zuwa T3. Wannan tsari ana kiransa de-iodination (cire iodine). Wannan saboda ƙwayoyin da hormones na thyroid ke shafa za su iya amfani da T3 fiye da T4. Shi ya sa muke ɗaukar T4 a matsayin hormone mara aiki, yayin da T3 a matsayin hormone mai aiki.
Kyanwa, gland, gabobin jiki, da tsarin da zasu iya canza T4 zuwa T3 sune:
- Hanta
- Koda
- Tsokoki
- Ciwon thyroid (Thyroid)
- Ciwon Pituitary
- Nama mai launin ruwan kasa (wannan nama mai kitse yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye zafin jiki a yanayin sanyi)
- Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya
To, waɗannan hormones na T3 da T4 suna shafar kowace ƙwayar halitta da gabobi a jikinmu. Ta yaya suke shafar ta?
- Jikinka yana sarrafa yadda yake amfani da adadin kuzari (makamashi). Wannan ana kiransa saurin metabolism . Wannan yana shafar ko ka rasa ko ka ƙara nauyi. Wasu mutane suna cewa komai yawan abincin da suka ci, ba sa ƙara nauyi, yayin da wasu kuma suna cewa suna ƙara nauyi ko da sun ci kaɗan. Wannan na iya zama dalili ɗaya.
- Zuciyarka tana raguwa kuma tana ƙaruwa.
- Yana rage zafin jiki da kuma ƙara masa zafi. Wasu mutane suna jin sanyi ne kawai, yayin da wasu kuma suna jin kamar suna gumi.
- Yana shafar saurin da abinci ke yi ta hanyar narkewar abinci.
- Yana shafar ci gaban kwakwalwa (musamman a lokacin ƙuruciya).
- Yana sarrafa yadda tsokoki ke taruwa.
- Yana kula da fata da ƙashi. Wato, yana sarrafa yadda ake samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta don maye gurbin matattun ƙwayoyin halitta (wannan al'ada ce).
Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi don tantance matakan thyroid?
Akwai gwaje-gwajen jini da dama da za a iya yi don duba matakan thyroid ɗinka da kuma ganin ko glandar thyroid ɗinka tana aiki yadda ya kamata. Waɗannan ana kiransu gwaje-gwajen aikin thyroid . Manyan su ne:
- Jimlar gwajin T4 `(Jimillar gwajin T4)`
- Gwajin T4 kyauta (FT4)
- Jimlar gwajin T3 `(Jimlar gwajin T3)'
- Gwajin T3 (Ft3) kyauta
- Gwajin Hormone Mai Ƙarfafa Thyroid `(Gwajin TSH`)
Likitan ku zai iya yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje, misali:
- Kwayoyin rigakafi na thyroid : Waɗannan suna taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka daban-daban na thyroid.
- Thyroglobulin : Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don gano cutar thyroid da kuma lura da maganin cutar thyroid.
Wadanne cututtuka ne ke faruwa idan hormones na thyroid ba su da kyau?
Akwai yanayi da dama da ke haifar da, ko kuma suna haifar da rashin daidaituwar matakan hormones na thyroid. Cutar thyroid ta zama ruwan dare gama gari. Ana cewa mata sun fi maza sau biyar zuwa takwas saurin kamuwa da cutar thyroid .
Babban alamun cutar thyroid sune:
- Rashin aikin thyroid (ƙarancin aikin thyroid) : Wannan shine lokacin da jiki baya samar da isasshen hormones na thyroid. Komai a jiki yana fara aiki a hankali.
- Cutar Hashimoto : Wannan yanayi ne na garkuwar jiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa garkuwar jikinmu tana kai hari ga glandar thyroid. Wannan yana haifar da hypothyroidism.
- Ciwon thyroid (ƙarancin thyroid) : Wannan shine lokacin da glandar thyroid ke samar da sinadarin thyroid da yawa, wanda ke sa komai a jiki yayi aiki da sauri.
- Cutar Graves : Wannan kuma cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki wadda ke haifar da hyperthyroidism.
- Ciwon thyroid (kumburi/kumburin glandar thyroid) .
- Ciwon thyroid .
- Goiter (fadada glandar thyroid/kumburin wuya).
- Ciwon daji na thyroid .
Ka tuna lokacin da muka yi magana game da hypothalamus da pituitary gland? Matsalolin da ke tattare da waɗannan gland ɗin na iya haifar da canjin matakan hormones na thyroid, saboda suna taimakawa wajen daidaita hormones na thyroid.
Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita game da hormones na thyroid?
Sau da yawa, idan matakan hormones na thyroid suka yi rashin kyau, yana bayyana kansa a cikin alamun da muke fuskanta. Hormones na thyroid suna sarrafa saurin metabolism na jikinmu. Don haka, idan hormones na thyroid suka ƙaru, saurin yana ƙaruwa fiye da yadda aka saba, kuma idan suka ragu , saurin yana raguwa. Waɗannan rashin daidaituwa na iya haifar da alamu kamar:
- Ƙara nauyi ko raguwa ba tare da wani dalili ba.
- Rage ko ƙaruwar bugun zuciya.
- Rashin jure sanyi ko zafi. (Ko a ƙasa kamar Sri Lanka, idan ka fi wasu jin sanyi/zafi.)
- Busasshen fata ko ƙaruwar danshi.
- Sauyin jinin al'ada mara tsari a cikin mata.
- Jin gajiya sosai, ko kuma kawai jin damuwa.
- Yanayi kamar maƙarƙashiya ko gudawa.
- Mantuwa, wahalar riƙe tunaninka a wuri ɗaya.
Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, ya fi kyau ka ga likita. Za su iya yin wasu gwaje-gwajen jini masu sauƙi don ganin ko matakan hormones na thyroid ɗinka sun ƙare.
A ƙarshe, wasu abubuwa da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)
Hormone na thyroid wani muhimmin hormone ne wanda ke shafar abubuwa da yawa a jikinmu. Wani lokaci yana iya yin ƙasa ko yawa a jikinmu. Labari mai daɗi shine ana iya magance matsalolin thyroid da yawa cikin nasara.
Idan kana da alamun da suka shafi hormones na thyroid, ko kuma kana son sanin ko kana da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar thyroid, kada ka ji tsoron yin magana da likitanka. Suna nan don taimaka maka. Kula da jikinka da gano ko akwai matsala da wuri ita ce hanya mafi kyau ta rayuwa mai kyau.
Hormones na thyroid, T3, T4, TSH, metabolism, hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism
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