Shin ka taɓa jin ɗan kumburi ko cika a gaban wuyanka, ko kuma gajiya da kuma jin damuwa ba tare da wani dalili ba? Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da waɗannan alamomin shine wata cuta da ake kira Thyroiditis . Sunan na iya yin kama da abin tsoro, amma bari mu faɗi shi a taƙaice domin ka fahimci abin da ke faruwa a jikinka.
Menene Ciwon Thyroid? Bari Mu Sauƙaƙa!
A takaice dai, cutar thyroid tana nufin kumburin glandar thyroid . Kuna iya mamakin menene glandar thyroid ko kuma inda yake. Ka yi tunanin wani ƙaramin gabobi mai siffar malam buɗe ido wanda ke zaune a ƙasan wuyanka, a ƙarƙashin fata. Wannan gland shine muhimmin ɓangare na tsarin endocrine ɗinka. Yana samarwa da kuma fitar da muhimman hormones waɗanda ke daidaita yawancin mahimman ayyukan jikinka.
Ciwon thyroid ba wai kawai cuta ce guda ɗaya ba; kalma ce ta gama gari ga rukuni na cututtuka da ke haifar da kumburi a cikin glandar thyroid saboda dalilai daban-daban. Babban matsalar da thyroiditis ke haifarwa ita ce glandar na iya fitar da waɗannan muhimman hormones na thyroid da yawa ko kuma ƙasa da haka.
Mene ne Matsayin Ciwon Thyroid na yau da kullun?
A cikin nau'ikan cututtukan thyroid da yawa, za ku iya fuskantar matakai uku daban-daban. Bari mu duba su:
1. Matakin Thyrotoxicity: A wannan matakin, kumburin glandar thyroid zai fitar da adadin hormones da ya wuce kima ba zato ba tsammani. Wannan yana haifar da yanayi na ɗan lokaci wanda aka sani da thyrotoxicosis . Za ka iya tunanin hakan kamar "ambaliyar" hormones da ke shiga tsarinka ba zato ba tsammani.
2. Matakin Hypothyroidism: Bayan farkon ƙaruwar hormones, glandar thyroid ɗinka yakan ƙare kuma ba zai iya samar da isasshen hormone ba na tsawon makonni ko watanni da yawa. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin da ake kira hypothyroidism . Ga wasu yanayi, kamar Hashimoto's thyroiditis da thyroiditis da radiation ke haifarwa , wannan matakin hypothyroid na iya zama na dindindin.
3. Matakin Euthyroid: A wannan matakin, matakan hormones ɗinku suna komawa zuwa matakin da ya dace, lafiya. Wannan na iya faruwa na ɗan lokaci tsakanin matakan thyrotoxic da hypothyroid, ko kuma yana iya zama matakin ƙarshe yayin da glandar thyroid ɗinku ke murmurewa daga kumburi kuma ta dawo da aikinta na yau da kullun.
Mene ne Babban Nau'in Ciwon Thyroid?
Kamar yadda muka ambata, ciwon thyroid ba cuta ɗaya ba ce, kuma akwai nau'ikan cututtuka daban-daban. Bari mu duba su:
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Wannan shine nau'in thyroiditis da aka fi sani , wanda kuma aka sani da chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis . Yanayi ne na garkuwar jiki . Wannan yana nufin tsarin garkuwar jikinka yana fara kai hari ga glandar thyroid ta hanyar samar da antibodies na antithyroid . Shi ne babban dalilin hypothyroidism .
- Ciwon thyroid mai shiru ko mara ciwo: Wannan kuma yanayi ne na garkuwar jiki wanda ƙwayoyin rigakafi na thyroid ke haifarwa. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yawanci ba ya haifar da ciwo mai tsanani.
- Ciwon thyroid bayan haihuwa: Wani yanayi na daban da ke faruwa a cikin shekara ta farko bayan haihuwa. Ba kasafai ake samunsa ba.
- Ciwon thyroid da ke haifar da radiation: Wannan na iya faruwa bayan maganin radiation ga wasu cututtukan daji ko ta hanyar amfani da maganin iodine na rediyoaktif don hyperthyroidism.
- Ciwon thyroiditis (ko ciwon thyroiditis na Quervain):Wannan sau da yawa yana da zafi sosai kuma ana tsammanin kwayar cuta ce ke haifar da shi. Sau da yawa yana faruwa ne bayan kamuwa da cutar numfashi ta sama , kamar mura ko mura .
- Ciwon thyroid mai saurin yaduwa: Wani yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda kwayoyin cuta ko wasu kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa.
- Ciwon thyroid da ke haifar da magunguna: Wasu magunguna, kamar amiodarone , interferons , lithium , da cytokines , na iya haifar da wannan. Duk da haka, wannan yana faruwa ne kawai ga ƙaramin kaso na mutanen da ke shan waɗannan magunguna.
- Riedel thyroiditis: Wata cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba wacce ke haifar da kumburi na dogon lokaci a cikin thyroid wanda ke haifar da fibrosis , inda kyallen thyroid ke tauri ko tabo.
Su waye suka fi kamuwa da cutar thyroid?
Duk da cewa thyroiditis na iya shafar kowa, yana da yawa a cikin mata .
Misali, cutar thyroid ta Hashimoto ta fi yawa a mata sau huɗu zuwa goma fiye da maza, kuma ana yawan gano ta a tsakanin mutane tsakanin shekaru 30 zuwa 50. Ciwon thyroid mai shiru shi ma ya fi yawa a tsakanin mata kuma shine nau'in thyroid na biyu da aka fi kamuwa da shi bayan Hashimoto's.
Yaya Ya Kamata a Sani?
Kamar yadda aka lura, cutar Hashimoto's thyroiditis ita ce mafi yawan nau'in cutar, wadda ke shafar kimanin kashi 1% zuwa 2% na yawan jama'a a Amurka. Sauran nau'ikan cutar thyroiditis ba su da yawa sosai.
Shin cutar thyroid tana barazana ga rayuwa?
Gabaɗaya, thyroiditis ba cuta ce mai barazana ga rayuwa ba.
Duk da haka, idan ciwon thyroid ya haifar da matsananciyar hyperthyroidism wanda ba a yi masa magani ba na dogon lokaci, yana iya zama gaggawa mai barazana ga rayuwa wanda aka sani da guguwar thyroid .
Mene ne alamun cutar Thyroid?
- Zazzabi mai yawa - Zafin jiki na iya tashi zuwa 104°F zuwa 106°F (40°C–41°C).
- Saurin bugun zuciya (tachycardia) - Wannan zai iya wuce bugun zuciya 140 a minti daya.
- Tsananin tashin hankali, rashin jin daɗi, da kuma rashin kwanciyar hankali mai tsanani.
- Delirium - Yanayi mai rikitarwa mai tsanani, rashin fahimta, ko canjin sani.
Idan kana zargin kana fuskantar alamun guguwar thyroid, nemi taimakon gaggawa nan take ta hanyar kiran 911 ko ziyartar sashen gaggawa mafi kusa.
Idan kana fuskantar waɗannan alamomin, da fatan za ka ziyarci asibiti mafi kusa nan da nan. Wannan gaggawa ce!
Idan kana zargin kana da alamun cutar thyroiditis, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka tuntuɓi likita nan da nan. Za su iya yin gwaje-gwajen da suka dace, su ba ka cikakken ganewar asali, sannan su fara shirin magani da ya dace da kai.
Mene ne alamun cutar thyroid?
Alamomin cutar thyroid sun dogara ne da nau'in da matakin da ke cikinta. A lokuta da yawa, marasa lafiya suna fara fuskantar alamun cutar thyroid, sannan sai alamun cutar hypothyroidism.
Idan kana da ciwon thyroid mai tsanani da kuma ciwon thyroid mai saurin yaduwa, yawanci za ka iya jin zafi a yankin da glandar thyroid ɗinka take. Wasu mutane kuma na iya samun girman thyroid, wanda aka sani da goiter .
Alamomin thyrotoxicosis (lokacin da matakan hormones suka yi yawa)
Matakin thyrotoxicity na thyroiditis yawanci yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci, yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni ɗaya zuwa uku. Idan ƙwayoyin thyroid ɗinku suka lalace da sauri kuma suka fitar da hormones na thyroid da yawa, kuna iya fuskantar alamun hyperthyroidism (thyroid mai aiki fiye da kima). Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Buga bugun zuciya mai sauri (bugun zuciya).
- Ƙara sha'awa.
- Rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba.
- Jin damuwa ko rashin natsuwa.
- Ƙara yawan fushi.
- Wahalar bacci (rashin barci).
- Ƙara gumi da kuma jin zafi.
- Girgizar hannu.
Bayyanar cututtuka na hypothyroidism (lokacin da matakan hormones ba su da yawa)
Matakin hypothyroid na thyroiditis na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kuma wani lokacin yana iya zama na dindindin. Idan ƙwayoyin thyroid ɗinku suka lalace kuma matakan hormones suka ragu, kuna iya fuskantar alamun hypothyroidism. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Gajiya mai ɗorewa.
- Karin nauyi mara dalili.
- Maƙarƙashiya.
- Damuwa game da lafiyar kwakwalwa kamar damuwa.
- Busasshen fata.
- Ƙara yawan jin sanyi.
- Raunin tsoka.
- Wahalar mai da hankali.
Me ke haifar da cutar thyroid?
Ciwon thyroid yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka "kai hari" a glandar thyroid ɗinku, wanda ke haifar da kumburi (amsar jiki ga rauni) da kuma lalacewar ƙwayoyin thyroid. Takamaiman dalilan sun bambanta dangane da nau'in.
Mafi yawan sanadin cutar shine cututtukan da ke shafar garkuwar jiki . Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da garkuwar jikinka - wanda aka tsara don kare ka - ya kai hari ga jikinka ba daidai ba. Duk da cewa ba a fahimci ainihin sanadin ba, nau'ikan cututtukan thyroid da yawa suna faruwa ne saboda ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke kai hari ga glandar thyroid.
Yaya ake gane cutar thyroid?
Idan ka ga likita, za su duba ka su kuma tantance glandar thyroid ɗinka. Za su kuma yi maka tambaya game da alamominka da tarihin lafiyarka.
Idan likitanka yana zargin cutar thyroid, zai iya yin wasu ko duk waɗannan gwaje-gwajen don tabbatar da ganewar asali:
- Gwaje-gwajen aikin thyroid: Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen jini suna auna hormones ɗin da ke da alaƙa da thyroid. Sun haɗa da hormone mai motsa thyroid (TSH) , T3 (triiodothyronine) , da T4 (thyroxine) . Ana samar da TSH ta glandar pituitary don ƙarfafa thyroid don samar da hormones na T4 da T3.
- Duban dan tayi na thyroid: Likitoci kan yi amfani da duban dan tayi don duba tsarin glandar thyroid. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gano kumburi , canje-canje a cikin kwararar jini, ko yawan glandar.
- Gwaje-gwajen rigakafi na thyroid: Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen jini suna neman takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi, kamar TPO (antithyroid/microsomal antibodies) ko TRAb (thyroid receptor stimulating antibodies) . Kasancewarsu yana nuna cewa thyroiditis ɗinku na iya zama mai hana garkuwar jiki a yanayi.
- Yawan zubar jini a jiki (ESR): Wannan gwajin jini yana taimakawa wajen gano kumburi a jikin mutum. A lokuta da suka kamu da cutar thyroiditis, matakin ESR yakan tashi.
- Sinadarin C-reactive (CRP): Wannan yana auna matakan CRP a cikin jininka. Matakan CRP masu yawa suna nuna kumburi kuma yawanci suna da yawa sosai a lokuta da cutar thyroid mai saurin yaɗuwa.
- Gwajin shan iodine mai aiki da rediyo (RAIU): Wannan gwajin yana auna yawan sinadarin iodine mai aiki da rediyoaktif (wanda aka sha ta baki) da glandar thyroid ke sha. A lokacin da ake fama da cutar thyroid, wannan sinadarin kusan ba shi da yawa.
Yaya ake kula da cutar thyroid?
Maganin ciwon thyroid ya dogara da nau'in da kuma takamaiman alamun cutar.
Maganin Thyrotoxicosis
Idan kana cikin matakin thyrotoxic na thyroiditis, likitanka zai iya rubuta maka maganin beta-blockers . Waɗannan suna taimakawa wajen rage alamun kamar bugun zuciya mai sauri ( faɗuwa ) da rawar jiki.
Yayin da alamun cutar ke ƙaruwa, likitanka zai rage a hankali kuma daga ƙarshe ya daina shan maganin, domin wannan matakin na ɗan lokaci ne.
Maganin Hypothyroidism
Idan kana da cutar Hashimoto's thyroiditis, likitanka zai iya rubuta maka maganin maye gurbin hormones na thyroid, kamar levothyroxine . Za ka iya buƙatar shan wannan maganin na dogon lokaci, domin hypothyroidism da Hashimoto's ke haifarwa galibi yana dawwama.
Idan kana da cutar thyroid ta subacute, shiru, ko kuma bayan haihuwa kuma kana fuskantar alamun hypothyroid, likitanka zai iya rubuta maka maganin maye gurbin hormone na tsawon watanni 6 zuwa 12. Bayan haka, za su sa ido a kanka don ganin ko hypothyroidism ta ci gaba.
Idan hypothyroidism ɗinku ba shi da sauƙi, magani bazai zama dole ba.
Wasu Jiyya don Thyroiditis
Idan kana da cutar thyroid mai saurin yaduwa , dole ne a yi maganin cutar, yawanci da maganin rigakafi . Idan ka kamu da ƙuraje (tarin ƙuraje), likitanka na iya buƙatar yin allurar da za ta fitar da shi daga jiki.
Ciwon thyroid da miyagun ƙwayoyi ke haifarwa yakan warke idan aka daina shan maganin. Likitanka zai iya canza maka magani daban ko kuma ya ci gaba da shan magani ɗaya yayin da kake kula da ciwon thyroid tare da levothyroxine idan akwai buƙata. Ka tuna, don duk wata damuwa ta gaggawa, tuntuɓi ma'aikatan gaggawa (911) ko ka ziyarci asibiti mafi kusa nan da nan kamar yadda Nirogi Lanka ya umarta.
Za a iya magance ciwon da ke faruwa sakamakon cutar thyroid mai tsanani da kuma subacute thyroiditis ta hanyar amfani da magungunan hana kumburi marasa steroidal (NSAIDs) , kamar aspirin ko ibuprofen . A wasu lokuta, idan ciwon ya yi tsanani, likitanka zai iya rubuta maka maganin steroid .
Ga Riedel's thyroiditis, sau da yawa ana buƙatar tiyata.
Za a iya hana cutar thyroid?
Abin takaici, ba za a iya hana nau'ikan cututtukan thyroid da yawa ba.
Idan an shirya maka yin wasu ayyuka kamar maganin iodine na rediyoaktif ko maganin radiation, tattauna haɗarin kamuwa da cutar thyroid tare da likitanka. Wani lokaci, ana iya la'akari da wasu hanyoyin magance wannan haɗarin.
Idan kana shan magungunan da ka iya haifar da ciwon thyroid, yi magana da likitanka game da ko za a iya gyara ko dakatar da waɗannan magungunan. Duk da haka, a lura cewa ko da tare da waɗannan matakan kariya, hana ciwon thyroid gaba ɗaya ba koyaushe zai yiwu ba.
Mene ne alamun cututtukan thyroid?
Gabaɗaya, hasashen game da thyroiditis yana da kyau .
A yanayin Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hypothyroidism da ke haifar da shi yawanci yana dawwama, amma ana iya sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata har abada ta hanyar amfani da maganin maye gurbin hormones na thyroid.
Ga waɗanda ke fama da cutar thyroid mai tsanani, alamun cutar yawanci suna ci gaba da wanzuwa na tsawon watanni ɗaya zuwa uku. Duk da haka, yana iya ɗaukar watanni 12 zuwa 18 kafin cikakken aikin thyroid ya dawo daidai. Akwai ƙaramin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hypothyroidism ta dindindin ga waɗannan marasa lafiya.
Farfadowa daga cutar thyroid bayan haihuwa da kuma rashin jin zafi (ba tare da ciwo ba) suma suna ɗaukar kimanin watanni 12 zuwa 18. Waɗannan yanayi suna da kusan kashi 20% na haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hypothyroidism ta dindindin.
Yaushe ya kamata ka ga likita?
Idan an gano cewa kana da cutar thyroid, za ka buƙaci a riƙa duba ka akai-akai domin a lura da alamun cutar da kuma tabbatar da cewa tsarin maganinka yana aiki yadda ya kamata.
Idan alamun cutar suka tsananta ko kuma idan ka lura da wasu sabbin alamu , tuntuɓi mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya da wuri-wuri.
Abu ne na al'ada a ji damuwa yayin da ake fuskantar ganewar asibiti. Labari mai daɗi shine cewa ciwon thyroid sau da yawa ana iya jurewa sosai, kuma a wasu lokuta, yana iya zama yanayi na ɗan lokaci. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da ciwon thyroid ko tsarin maganin ku, yi magana da likitan ku. Suna nan don tallafa muku a kowane mataki na kulawar ku.
Saƙon kai gida
Muna fatan wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ya ba ku fahimtar cutar thyroid. Ku tuna:
- Ciwon thyroid wani kumburi ne na glandar thyroid da ke cikin wuyanka.
- Yana iya sa jikinka ya samar da sinadarin thyroid da yawa ko kuma ya yi ƙasa sosai .
- Akwai nau'o'i da matakai daban-daban ; Hashimoto's shine mafi yawan lokuta.
- Alamomin sun bambanta da nau'in cutar kuma suna iya haɗawa da gajiya, canjin nauyi, rashin daidaituwar bugun zuciya, da canjin yanayi .
- Yanayin ya fi faruwa ne sakamakon wani abu da ake kira autoimmune reaction.
- Yawanci ana yin ganewar asali ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen jini da na'urorin duban dan tayi .
- Maganin ya dogara ne da takamaiman nau'in da kuma alamomin da ke tattare da shi. Wasu lokuta suna warwarewa gaba ɗaya , yayin da wasu kuma na iya buƙatar maganin kulawa na dogon lokaci .
- Ka yi taka-tsantsan da wata cuta mai hatsari da ba kasafai ake samu ba da ake kira thyroid storm . Idan ka fuskanci waɗannan alamun, ka nemi taimakon gaggawa nan da nan .
- Idan kana da wata damuwa game da lafiyarka, koyaushe ka tuntuɓi likitanka ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.
A Nirogi Lanka, mun yi imanin cewa lafiyarku ita ce babbar fifiko!
