Ba zato ba tsammani na ji a ƙafafu? Bari mu koyi game da wannan yanayi mai wuya, wato Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Za ka iya tunanin cewa ƙaramin rauni da ya fara daga ƙafafuwanka zai iya yaɗuwa a hankali a jikinka, yana haifar da suma a gaɓoɓinka har ma da gurgunta? Labari ne mai ban tsoro. Amma wannan shine gaskiyar wata cuta mai saurin yaduwa ta jijiyoyi da ake kira Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Sau da yawa yakan taso bayan ka warke daga ƙwarƙwarin ciki (kamar jaundice) ko kamuwa da cutar numfashi (kamar mura ).

A taƙaice dai, menene ciwon Guillain-Barré (GBS)?

A taƙaice dai, GBS shine lokacin da tsarin tsaron jikinmu, wato tsarin garkuwar jiki , ya fara kai hari ga jijiyoyinmu ba zato ba tsammani. Kamar sojojinmu ne suka kai hari ga mutanenmu ba da gangan ba. Ka yi tunanin kamar jijiyoyinmu suna kama da wayoyin lantarki. Akwai murfin filastik a kusa da waɗannan wayoyi a matsayin abin rufe fuska, ko ba haka ba? Hakazalika, jijiyoyinmu kuma suna kewaye da murfin kariya da ake kira myelin . Lokacin da GBS ta taso, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga murfin myelin. Lokacin da wannan murfin ya lalace, saƙonni daga kwakwalwa ba sa isa ga tsokoki yadda ya kamata. Sakamakon shine raunin tsoka, jin kasala, da kuma wani lokacin gurguncewar jiki gaba ɗaya.

Waɗanne manyan nau'ikan GBS ne?

Akwai nau'ikan GBS da yawa, amma nau'in farko shine ya fi yawa a Sri Lanka.

Dalilai da abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka GBS

Ba a san ainihin musabbabin GBS ba tukuna. Duk da haka, likitoci sun yi imanin cewa wasu cututtuka suna canza yanayin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, wanda ke sa tsarin garkuwar jiki ya yi kama da maƙiya. Kimanin kashi biyu cikin uku na mutanen da ke kamuwa da GBS suna da ciwon ciki kamar gudawa ko kamuwa da cutar numfashi kamar mura 'yan kwanaki ko makonni kafin bayyanar alamun jijiyoyi. Wasu daga cikin manyan abubuwan da za su iya haifar da GBS sun haɗa da:

• Kwayoyin cutar Campylobacterial: Wannan kwayar cuta, wadda ake yadawa ta hanyar kaza da ba a dafa ta ba, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin babbar sanadin cutar GBS .
• Kwayar cutar mura
• Kwayar cutar covid -19
• Kwayar cutar Cytomegalovirus
• Kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr
• Cutar Zika
• Hepatitis A , B, C da E
• Kwayar cutar HIV
• Wasu tiyata ko haɗari
• A wasu lokuta masu wuya, wasu alluran rigakafi (misali alluran rigakafin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson da AstraZeneca)

Ba duk wanda ke dauke da wannan cutar zai kamu da cutar GBS ba. Mutum ɗaya ne kawai cikin mutane miliyan ɗaya ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar.

Waɗanne alamomi ya kamata ku kula da su?

Alamomin cutar GBS na iya bayyana da sauri, wani lokacin suna yin tsanani cikin 'yan awanni ko kwanaki.

Ta yaya likita ke gano wannan cuta?

Saboda alamun cutar GBS suna kama da sauran cututtukan jijiyoyi, likita zai gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da dama don tabbatar da cewa babu wasu cututtuka.

• Tambayar da kake yi: Tambayar abubuwa kamar yadda da kuma lokacin da alamun suka fara, da kuma ko ka taɓa samun wata cuta kwanan nan.
• Gwajin tsarin jijiyoyi: Wannan yana gwada ƙarfin tsoka, tafiya, daidaito, da kuma ƙarfin motsin jiki.
• Huda kashin baya/ƙashin baya: Wannan ya haɗa da saka allura mai siriri a cikin bayanka sannan a ɗauki ƙaramin adadin ruwan da ke kewaye da kashin baya (ruwan cerebrospinal) a aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji. Idan matakan furotin a cikin wannan ruwan sun yi yawa, to alama ce ta GBS.
• Gwaje-gwajen aikin jijiyoyi:
• Electromyography (EMG): Wannan ya ƙunshi saka ƙananan electrodes masu kama da allura a cikin tsokoki don auna aikin jijiyoyi.
• Nazarin isar da jijiyoyi: Wannan yana auna saurin da motsin jijiyoyi ke tafiya ta hanyar sanya electrodes a kan fata da kuma aika ƙaramin wutar lantarki. Wannan saurin yana raguwa a cikin GBS.
• Duban MRI: Hakanan zaka iya yin hoton MRI na kwakwalwarka ko kashin baya.

Menene hanyoyin magancewa?

Idan aka gano kana da GBS, kana buƙatar fara magani nan da nan. Sau da yawa za a yi maka magani a sashin kulawa mai zurfi (ICU) na asibiti. Akwai manyan magunguna guda biyu: 1. Musayar jini / Plasmapheresis: Ana saka jininka a cikin wata na'ura ta musamman, kuma an raba ɓangaren ruwan jininka (plasma). Wannan plasma yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke lalata jijiyoyi. Injin yana cire waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi marasa kyau kuma yana mayar da ƙwayoyin jini masu kyau cikin jikinka. 2. Maganin Immunoglobulin: Ana ba ka adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu kyau da aka karɓa daga mutane masu lafiya ta hanyar maganin saline. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu kyau suna rage aikin ƙwayoyin rigakafi marasa kyau a jikinka. Baya ga waɗannan manyan magunguna, za a ba ka magungunan rage radadi, magungunan rage radadi, kuma idan ya cancanta, za a ciyar da kai ta bututu saboda ba za ka iya haɗiye abinci ba. Idan wahalar numfashi ta yi tsanani, za ka iya buƙatar a haɗa ka da na'urar numfashi na ɗan lokaci. A lokacin murmurewa, za ka buƙaci yin horon ƙarfi tare da taimakon jiyya ta jiki da kuma aikin motsa jiki.

Yaya murmurewa da kuma makomar za ta kasance?

Cutar tana kai kololuwarta ne bayan makonni 2-3 da fara bayyanar cututtuka. Bayan haka, murmurewa tana farawa a hankali.

• Kimanin kashi 80% na marasa lafiya suna iya tafiya ba tare da wani taimako ba cikin watanni 6.
• Kimanin kashi 60% na marasa lafiya sun sake samun cikakken ƙarfin tsoka cikin shekara guda.
• Murmurewa na iya ɗaukar tsakanin watanni 6-12, kuma ga wasu yana iya ɗaukar har zuwa shekaru 3.

Yara masu fama da cutar GBS suna murmurewa da sauri fiye da manya. Da zarar ka warke gaba ɗaya daga cutar GBS, za ka iya rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Ciwon Guillain-Barré, GBS, ciwon jijiyoyi, raunin ƙafafu, suma, tsarin garkuwar jiki, myelin