Shin jikinka yana da ƙarfe mai yawa? Bari mu koyi game da haemochromatosis.

Shin sau da yawa kana jin gajiya da ciwon gaɓoɓi? Wani lokaci muna tunanin waɗannan al'ada ce kuma muna yin watsi da su. Amma waɗannan abubuwan na iya zama alamun yawan ƙarfe a jikinmu. A yau muna magana ne game da irin wannan yanayin, "Hemochromatosis". Ko da yake wannan ɗan suna ne da ba a saba gani ba, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a san game da shi.

A taƙaice, menene hemochromatosis?

Hemochromatosis yanayi ne da jikinka ke tara ƙarfe da yawa. Wasu mutane kuma suna kiransa "ƙarfin ƙarfe." Yawanci, hanjinmu yana shan ƙarfe ne kawai da jikinmu ke buƙata daga abincin da muke ci. Amma a cikin mutanen da ke da hemochromatosis, jiki yana shan ƙarfe fiye da yadda yake buƙata. Matsalar ita ce babu wata hanyar kawar da wannan ƙarfe da ya wuce kima. Don haka jiki yana adana wannan ƙarfe da ya wuce kima a cikin gidajenku da kuma a cikin muhimman gabobin jiki kamar hanta, zuciya, da pancreas.

Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na wannan yanayin.

Za a iya raba wannan yanayin zuwa manyan nau'i biyu. 1. Babban Hawan Jini: Wannan yanayi ne na gado. Wato, ana yada shi ta hanyar 'yan uwa ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta. Domin a tabbatar da gaskiya, domin a kamu da wannan cuta, dole ne a sami kwayar halittar da ba ta da kyau daga mahaifi da uba. 2. Hawan Jini na Biyu: Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda wasu dalilai. Misali, wannan yanayin na iya faruwa a cikin mutanen da ke da wata matsala ta rashin lafiya da ke buƙatar a yi musu ƙarin jini akai-akai (misali, thalassemia) ko kuma a cikin mutanen da ke da wasu cututtukan hanta.

Mene ne dalilan hemochromatosis?

Dalilan gado

Kwayar halittar HFE tana sarrafa yawan ƙarfe da jikinmu ke sha daga abinci. Sauye-sauye guda biyu a cikin kwayar halittar HFE, C282Y da H63D, sune ke haifar da yawancin cututtukan haemochromatosis na gado. Sauran kwayoyin halitta kuma na iya haifar da ƙananan adadin lokuta (kimanin 10%-15%). Waɗannan ana kiransu hemochromatosis marasa HFE. Idan akwai maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta kamar HJV ko HAMP, alamun yawanci suna bayyana a lokacin ƙuruciya. Wani lokaci, lalacewar hanta da cirrhosis na iya faruwa tun yana ƙarami.Akwai yiwuwar faruwar lamarin.

Wasu dalilai na waje (Dalilai na biyu)

Wannan nau'in yakan faru ne lokacin da mutum ke da wata matsala kamar rashin jini mai tsanani kuma yana buƙatar a yi masa ƙarin jini akai-akai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙwayoyin jinin ja da ake ba su daga waje suna ɗauke da ƙarfe mai yawa. Tunda jiki ba shi da hanyar cire wannan ƙarfen, yana fara taruwa. Tarin ƙarfe kuma yana iya ƙaruwa lokacin da hanta ta lalace ta hanyar cututtuka kamar cirrhosis ko hepatitis B ko C na yau da kullun.

Wanene ya fi fuskantar haɗarin hakan?

Idan kana da waɗannan abubuwan, kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar haemochromatosis. Bari mu duba teburi don fahimtar hakan a sarari.

Mene ne alamun hemochromatosis?

Kimanin rabin mutanen da ke fama da cutar haemochromatosis ba sa fuskantar wata alama. Ga maza, alamun yawanci suna fara bayyana tsakanin shekaru 30 zuwa 50. Ga mata, alamun galibi suna bayyana bayan shekaru 50, ko kuma bayan daina al'ada. Ga wasu daga cikin manyan alamomin:

• Ciwon gaɓɓai , musamman a gidajen haɗin gwiwa da gwiwoyi.
• Gajiya mai ɗorewa ba tare da wani dalili ba.
• Rage nauyi ba tare da dalili ba.
• Fata ta zama tagulla ko launin toka .
• Ciwon ciki .
• Rage sha'awar jima'i .
• Asarar gashi a jiki.
• Canje-canje a bugun zuciya (Ragewar zuciya).
• Tunawa da hazo yana jin ɗan ruɗani, kamar kwakwalwa mai hazo.

A wasu lokutan, cutar ba ta bayyana waɗannan alamun ba, sai dai ta bayyana a matsayin wasu matsaloli. Misali:

• Matsalolin hanta, musamman cirrhosis
• Ciwon suga
• Matsalolin bugun zuciya
• Ciwon gaɓɓai
• Matsalar rashin karfin mazakuta

Yaya za ka sami wannan, Likita?

Domin ana iya ganin waɗannan alamomin a wasu cututtuka, wani lokacin ganewar cutar na iya ɗan rikitarwa. Amma idan kana da alamu, abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari, ko kuma wani ɗan iyali yana da cutar, likitanka zai duba shi. Ga wasu manyan hanyoyin gano cutar:

• Tambaya game da tarihin lafiyar ku da ta iyalinku: Likitan zai tambaye ku ko wani a cikin iyalinku yana da wannan cuta, cutar hanta, ko ciwon gaɓɓai.
• Gwajin jiki: Za a duba jikinka.
• Gwajin jini: Ana yin manyan gwaje-gwaje guda biyu.

1. Cikakken sinadarin Transferrin: Wannan yana nuna adadin sinadarin da ke ɗaure da transferrin, wani furotin da ke jigilar ƙarfe a cikin jini. 2.Serum ferritin: Wannan yana auna matakin ferritin, wani furotin da ke adana ƙarfe a jiki. Idan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun nuna yawan ƙarfe, likitanka zai iya tura ka don gwajin kwayoyin halitta don tantance ko kana da kwayar halittar da ke haifar da hemochromatosis.

• Binciken Hanta: Ana ɗaukar ƙaramin yanki na hanta kuma a duba shi ta hanyar na'urar hangen nesa (microscope) don ganin ko akwai wata illa ga hanta.
• Duban MRI: Yana amfani da maganadisu da raƙuman rediyo don nuna hotunan gabobin jikinka.

Menene hanyoyin magancewa?

Idan kana da cutar haemochromatosis ta gado, babban maganin shine phlebotomy . A taƙaice dai, wannan shine cire jini daga jikinka akai- akai . Yana kama da yadda muke bayar da jini a Sri Lanka. Likita ko ma'aikaciyar jinya mai horo tana saka allura a cikin jijiyar hannu kuma tana cire wani adadin jini. Babban burin wannan shine dawo da matakan ƙarfe a cikin jininka zuwa al'ada. Wannan yana faruwa a sassa biyu:

• Maganin farko: Za ku buƙaci zuwa asibiti ko asibiti sau ɗaya ko biyu a mako don a zubar da jini har sai matakin ƙarfen ku ya koma daidai. Wannan na iya ɗaukar shekara ɗaya ko fiye.
• Maganin Kulawa: Da zarar matakan ƙarfe sun koma daidai, yawan zubar jini yana raguwa. Yawanci ana yin hakan sau biyu zuwa huɗu a shekara.

Idan kana da ciwon haemochromatosis na biyu, ko kuma idan jijiyoyinka ba su da ƙarfi sosai don cire jinin, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar maganin da ake kira maganin chelation . Wannan ya haɗa da ba ka magunguna da ke taimaka wa jikinka wajen kawar da baƙin ƙarfe da ya wuce kima ta hanyar fitsari da bayan gida.

Waɗanne canje-canje za a iya yi a gida da kuma a salon rayuwarka?

Idan kana yin tiyatar phlebotomy, yawanci ba sai ka bi tsarin abinci mai tsauri ba domin yana taimakawa wajen daidaita matakan ƙarfe. Duk da haka, za ka iya yin waɗannan abubuwa don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta:

• A guji shan barasa gaba daya. Barasa na iya kara lalacewar hanta.
• A guji cin kifi danye ko kuma kifin danye. Suna iya ƙunsar ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda za su iya haifar da cututtuka ga mutanen da ke da yawan sinadarin iron.
• A guji shan ƙarin bitamin C. Duk da haka, babu matsala wajen cin abinci na halitta wanda ke ɗauke da bitamin C (misali lemu, tangerines).
• A guji shan magungunan karafa ko multivitamins masu dauke da sinadarin iron.
• A guji hatsin karin kumallo waɗanda aka ƙara ƙarfe (wanda aka ƙarfafa).
• Rage cin abinci mai sinadarin iron (misali, kawa, agwagwa, alayyafo). Tambayi likitanka game da wannan.Saurara ka kuma gano ƙarin bayani.

Saƙon Ɗauka Gida

• Hemochromatosis yanayi ne da ƙarfe da yawa ke taruwa a jiki. Yawanci yanayi ne na kwayoyin halitta wanda ake yadawa ta hanyar tsararraki.
• Alamomin na iya haɗawa da gajiya, ciwon gaɓɓai, da kuma canza launin fata. Wasu mutane ba za su iya samun alamun cutar ba kwata-kwata.
• Idan kana da alamun cutar ko kuma wani a cikin iyalinka yana da wannan cutar, tuntuɓi likitanka nan da nan don neman shawara.
• Gano cutar da wuri da kuma magani (Phlebotomy) na iya sarrafa matakin ƙarfe na jiki da kuma hana lalacewar gabobi.
• Wannan ba wani yanayi bane da za a ji tsoro. Da zarar an samu kulawar likita da shawarwari masu kyau, za a iya rayuwa cikin koshin lafiya.

Hawan jini, Yawan ƙarfe, Ciwon Hanta, Ciwon Gabobi, Phlebotomy