Ua loaʻa anei iā ʻoe kahi hoʻāʻo koko, lawe i ka hōʻike, nānā i nā leka a me nā helu ma luna, a noʻonoʻo, "He aha kēia?" Ma waena o nā leka he nui e like me ALT, AST, a me GGT, ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi waiwai i kapa ʻia ʻo "ALP." Hopohopo iki ka poʻe he nui ke ʻike lākou i kēia. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia Alkaline Phosphatase, a i ʻole ALP no ka pōkole, he aha kāna e ʻimi nei i kēia hoʻāʻo, a me nā mea e pono ai mākou e ʻike i ka wā e loli ai kona mau waiwai.
He aha maoli ka ALP?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) kahi enzyme i loaʻa ma loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO ka enzyme kahi ʻano protein kūikawā i loaʻa i loko o kā mākou mau cell. E like me ka mīkini holo wikiwiki i loko o kahi hale hana, kōkua kēia mau enzymes a hoʻolalelale i nā kaʻina hana kemika like ʻole i loko o ko mākou kino. He mau tausani o kēia mau enzymes i loko o ko mākou kino.
ʻOiai ua noiʻi nā kauka i ka ALP no nā makahiki, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike maopopo i kāna hana pololei. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ua pili ia i nā kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ke kino.
I ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka ALP, ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia he "enzyme ake." ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka loaʻa nui ʻana o ka ALP i loko o ko kākou ake. Akā, ʻaʻole ia i kaupalena ʻia i ke ake. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe pū kekahi.
- ʻO kāu mau ala bile: Nā paipu e lawe i ka bile i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa i ka gallbladder, kahi e mālama ʻia ai.
- I loko o kou mau iwi: ʻO ia hoʻi, i loko o kou mau iwi.
- I loko o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Nā ʻōpū.
- ʻO ka placenta o nā makuahine hāpai.
No laila, inā kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha ka pae ALP i loko o kou koko, he hōʻailona ia e loaʻa ana paha kekahi pōʻino a i ʻole kahi loli i kekahi hana i loko o kekahi o kēia mau ʻōkana.
He aha ka hoʻāʻo koko ALP?
ʻO kahi hoʻāʻo koko ALP ke ana i ka nui o ka ALP i loko o kou koko. E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻoiai ua loaʻa ka ALP ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻo nā kumu nui ʻelua o ka ALP e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o ke koko, ʻo ia ke akepaʻa a me nā iwi. No laila, inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae ALP i loko o ke koko, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi akepaʻa a i ʻole kekahi maʻi iwi. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo ALP wale nō ke ʻike i kahi maʻi.
ʻElua ʻano nui o nā hoʻāʻo ALP.
1. Hoʻāʻo ALP maʻamau: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo i hana pinepine ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau, inā noi ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi `Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)` a i ʻole kahi `Liver Panel (LFT)`, kahi e nānā ai i ke akepaʻa, e hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka waiwai ALP.
2. Hoʻāʻo isoenzyme ALP:He ʻano hoʻāʻo kūikawā kēia. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ALP maʻamau wale nō e haʻi iā ʻoe i ka nui o ka ALP i loko o kou koko. Akā hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo isoenzyme ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe inā paha ke hele mai nei ka ALP keu i loko o kou koko mai kou akepaʻa, iwi, a i ʻole kahi ʻē aʻe. Inā kiʻekiʻe loa kou pae ALP, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke kumu pololei. Akā he paʻakikī iki a he pipiʻi hoʻi, no laila ʻaʻole hana nā labs āpau.
No ke aha mākou e pono ai i kēia hoʻāʻo ALP?
Aia paha kekahi mau kumu e kauoha ai kāu kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo ALP.
- Nānā ʻana: I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona, nānā ʻia ʻo ALP ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāu hōʻike nānā makahiki CMP a i ʻole LFT e kiʻi i kahi kuhi e pili ana i kahi pilikia ma ke akepaʻa a i ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona.
- Nānā ʻana: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi akepaʻa a i ʻole ka iwi, hoʻohana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e nānā inā e hoʻomaikaʻi ana ke kūlana, e noho like ana, a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Ma ke ʻano he kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi ate a iwi paha, he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka hoʻāʻo ALP o ke kaʻina hana diagnostic.
Nā hōʻailona e hiki ai ke hoʻoikaika i ke kauka e noʻonoʻo i kahi hoʻokolohua ALP
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kēia hoʻokolohua.
| Nā hōʻailona e pili ana paha me ka maʻi akepaʻa | |
|---|---|
| ʻĀʻī | Melemele o ka ʻili a me nā keʻokeʻo o nā maka. |
| ʻEha ʻōpū a pehu paha | ʻOi aku hoʻi ma lalo o nā iwi ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau. |
| ʻEha maʻalahi | Ke polū nei ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi. |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi | Ka luaʻi me ka nalowale o ka makemake. |
| Nā loli i ka mimi a me ka ʻōpala | ʻO ka mimi ʻeleʻele (e like me ke kī) a me nā ʻōpala keʻokeʻo (e like me ka lepo). |
| Ka pohō kaumaha maʻamau ʻole | Ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole. |
| Luhi nui (Fatigue) | Luhi ka manaʻo ʻoiai me ka hana ʻole ʻana i kekahi mea. |
| Ka pehu ʻana o nā lālā (Edema) | Ka pehu ʻana o nā wāwae a me nā lima. |
| Nā hōʻailona e pili ana paha me ka maʻi iwi | |
|---|---|
| ʻEha iwi a me nā hono | ʻEha, ʻoiai i ka wā e hoʻomaha ai. |
| Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka iwi a i ʻole ka loli ʻana o ke ʻano | Ka hoʻonui ʻano ʻē ʻana o kekahi mau iwi i ke kino. |
| Nā haki pinepine | ʻO ka haki ʻana o nā iwi, ʻoiai mai kahi hāʻule liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole ia he mea pōʻino. |
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma mua a i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo koko?
Inā haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo ALP ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka CMP, pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai no kahi o 10-12 mau hola. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, ke noi ʻia ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko, e hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī no ka mea e hana ai ma mua. He mea nui loa ka hahai ʻana i kēlā mau kuhikuhi.
ʻO kēia nā mea e hana pinepine ʻia i ka wā e huki ʻia ai ke koko.
1. E noho ʻoe ma luna o kahi noho, a e ʻimi ke kahu maʻi a i ʻole ke kauka lapaʻau i kahi aa koko kūpono ma kou lima e huki ai i ke koko mai. Aia kēia ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o kou kuʻekuʻe lima.
2. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke aʻa koko, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka wahi me kahi mea e like me ka waiʻona hamo.
3. A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi i loko o ke aʻa a lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko. I kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha iki, e like me ka ʻeha ʻana o kahi ʻanuʻu liʻiliʻi iā ʻoe.
4. Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka nui o ke koko e pono ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i loko o kahi ʻōmole, e wehe i ka nila a kaomi i kahi i lawe ʻia ai ke koko me kahi ʻāpana pulupulu.
5. Ke pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, e hoʻopili ʻia kahi palaki liʻiliʻi ma ia wahi a ua pau ka hana.
ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau minuke ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa. Aia paha kekahi ʻeha iki a me ka palapū ma kahi i huki ʻia ai ke koko. Akā e nalo ana ia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā.
Pehea ʻoe e maopopo ai i nā ʻike o ka hōʻike?
Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hōʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. Aia ka ʻike i loko o ka hōʻike e like me kēia:
- Ka inoa o ka hoʻāʻo (e.g. Alkaline Phosphatase).
- ʻO kāu hopena (ka waiwai ALP i loko o kou koko).
- Pae maʻamau.
- Inā he maʻamau, kiʻekiʻe, a haʻahaʻa paha kāu waiwai.
ʻO ka mea nui loa: E nānā i ka "Normal Range / Reference Range" ma kāu hōʻike, no ka mea, hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki kēia mau waiwai mai ka lab a i ka lab.
ʻO ka pae i ʻae ʻia maʻamau he 44 a 147 mau anakahi honua no ka lita (44 a 147 IU/L). Eia nō naʻe, ma kekahi mau wahi ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi kēia he 30 a 120 IU/L.
Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa nā waiwai ALP maʻamau ma muli o ka makahiki a me ke kāne.
- Nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio: Loaʻa i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio nā pae ALP kiʻekiʻe maoli no ka mea e ulu ana ko lākou mau iwi.
- Ma waena o nā makahiki 15-50: ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā pae ALP o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
- Me ka ʻelemakule: Piʻi iki aʻe nā pae ALP i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana.
- I ka wā hāpai: He mea maʻamau no nā makuahine hāpai ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pae ALP no ka mea ua hana ʻia ka ALP ma ka placenta.
- Ke ho'ōla ʻia kahi iwi haki: Ke haki kahi iwi, hiki ke piʻi aʻe nā pae ALP i ka wā e hana ai nā pūnaewele iwi i kona ho'ōla ʻana.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ALP?
Inā kiʻekiʻe kou pae ALP, he mea maʻamau ke hopohopo iki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea mua e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona mau ka pae ALP kiʻekiʻe iki o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo ʻaʻole e hana hou i kekahi hoʻāʻo a nānā hou i kou pae ALP i kekahi manawa.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi pae ALP kiʻekiʻe loa he hōʻailona ikaika ia o ka hōʻino ʻia o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole ka maʻi iwi. Inā ʻōlelo kāu hōʻike ua kiʻekiʻe ka ALP, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe (e laʻa, nā hoʻokolohua isoenzyme, nā scan ate) e ʻike i ke kumu.
Hiki ke puʻunaue ʻia nā kumu nui e hiki ai ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ALP i ʻelua mau ʻāpana.
Nā kumu e pili ana i ke akepaʻa a me nā ʻāpana bile
- ʻO Cholestasis o ka hāpai ʻana: He maʻi akepaʻa e hiki ke hana i ka wā hope o ka hāpai ʻana.
- ʻO ka Cirrhosis o ke akepaʻa: Hana ʻia ka hōʻino mau ʻana o ke akepaʻa ke make nā hunaola akepaʻa a pani ʻia e nā ʻiʻo palapū.
- Hepatitis: Ka mumū o ke akepaʻa. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā maʻi, ka waiʻona, a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
- Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala bile: Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala e lawe ai i ka bile mai ke akepaʻa ma muli o nā pōhaku gallstone, nā maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
- Mononucleosis: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka "maʻi honi," hiki i kēia maʻi viral ke hoʻoulu i ka pehu ʻana o ke ake.
Nā kumu e pili ana i ka iwi (skeletal)
- ʻO ka maʻi o Paget o ka iwi: He ʻano laha ʻole kahi e haki ai nā iwi a ulu hou i ke ʻano ʻē.
- ʻO ka sarcoma Osteogenic: He ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā iwi.
- Ka metastasis iwi: Hoʻolaha ka maʻi kanesa mai kahi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka umauma a i ʻole nā māmā, i nā iwi.
- Hyperparathyroidism: Hoʻonui ʻia nā pae calcium i loko o ke koko ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻu nui ʻana o nā hormones e ka parathyroid gland.
- Hyperthyroidism: Hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā hormones e ka thyroid gland.
- Osteomalacia: He ʻano e nāwaliwali ai nā iwi a haki maʻalahi ma muli o ka nele o ka wikamina D. Ke hana ʻia kēia i nā keiki, kapa mākou ia he Rickets.
- He haki ho'ōla.
He aha nā kumu kūpono o nā pae ALP haʻahaʻa?
He mea kakaikahi loa ke haʻahaʻa loa o nā pae ALP, akā aia kekahi mau kumu no kēia.
- ʻAʻole pono ka meaʻai: ʻAʻole loaʻa i ke kino nā meaola lawa e pono ai.
- Ka nele o ka zinc.
- Ka nele o ka magnesiuma.
- Hypothyroidism: Hoʻemi ʻia ka hana o ka thyroid gland.
- Nā maʻi hoʻoilina laha ʻole: Nā kūlana laha ʻole e like me 'Hypopphosphatesia' a me 'ka maʻi Wilson'.
Pono anei au e hopohopo inā kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha koʻu pae ALP?
ʻAʻole. No ka mea wale nō ma waho o ka pae maʻamau kāu waiwai ALP ma kāu hōʻike, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi kou e pono ai ka mālama ʻana.
Ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 20 mau kānaka olakino e loaʻa paha nā hopena hoʻāʻo ma waho o ka pae maʻamau. Hiki i nā kumu ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i nā waiwai ALP.
- Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā pila hoʻomalu hānau.
- Kāu ʻai.
- Ka hāpai ʻana.
- Makahiki: E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka ulu ʻana o nā keiki.
- He hewa i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka lawe ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hāpana koko.
No laila, ʻaʻole loa e hoʻoholo kāu kauka ma muli wale nō o ka waiwai ALP. E noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i kēia mau mea a pau:
- Kou mōʻaukala lapaʻau piha.
- He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei i kēia manawa?
- Ke kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha o kāu waiwai ALP.
- Nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i nānā ʻia me ALP (e.g. ALT, GGT, Bilirubin).
- He mau hōʻailona kou?
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau mea a pau e hoʻoholo ai inā pono ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo hou a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He enzyme koʻikoʻi ka ALP i loaʻa i loko o ko mākou kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi i loko o ke akepaʻa a me nā iwi.
- ʻO nā pae ALP kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke koko hiki ke hōʻailona o kahi pilikia me ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā iwi, akā ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia i nā manawa a pau.
- ʻOkoʻa nā pae ALP maʻamau ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka makahiki, ke kāne, a me ka hāpai ʻana.
- ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo ai inā piʻi iki ka pae ALP. Na ke kauka e nānā iā ia.
- Mai hoʻohewa iā ʻoe iho ma ka nānā ʻana i hoʻokahi waiwai ma kahi hōʻike koko. ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke ʻike i ke kiʻi piha.
- Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu hōʻike, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka. Aia ʻo ia ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe.
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