Loaʻa i kāu keiki hānau hou ka anemia? (Anemia i nā keiki hānau hou) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ke nānā aku nei kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i ke keʻokeʻo iki? Ke ʻano palaualelo nei ʻo ia i ka wā e hānai ana, luhi koke anei ʻo ia? A i ʻole ke ʻano wikiwiki nei kona hanu ʻana? Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau mea, loaʻa paha i kāu pēpē kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'anemia of the newborn'. Mai hopohopo , e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī, me ka maʻalahi loa. E wehewehe wau i nā mea āpau ma ke ʻano e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha ka anemia i nā pēpē hānau hou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka anemia ka wā e emi ai ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke kino o kahi pēpē ma mua o ka maʻamau. He ʻano nui loa kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Hana lākou e like me nā kalaka liʻiliʻi e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma o ko mākou kino. No laila, i ka wā e emi ai kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kalaka e lawe ana i ka oxygen, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā hunaola ʻē aʻe, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻōpū o ke kino ka nui kūpono o ka oxygen. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia nui i nā pēpē ʻōpio. No ka mea, ke ulu wikiwiki nei lākou a ke hana hou nei nā mea āpau i loko o ko lākou kino. No laila, he mea nui ka oxygen no lākou.

He aha ke kumu o ka anemia i nā pēpē?

ʻAʻole hoʻokahi wale nō kumu e loaʻa ai i kahi pēpē hānau hou ka anemia, aia kekahi mau kumu. E nānā kākou iā lākou pākahi, i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i kēia.

1. ʻAʻole lawa ka hana ʻana o ke kino o ka pēpē i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

He nui nā pēpē e loaʻa i ka anemia iki, a i ʻole ka helu koko haʻahaʻa, i nā mahina mua o ko lākou ola. Ma nā ʻōlelo lapaʻau, ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'physiologic anemia' . ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo ai, he mea maʻamau kēia i ka hapa nui o nā hihia. E noʻonoʻo e like me ke kino o ka pēpē e like me kahi mea kanu liʻiliʻi e ulu wikiwiki loa. He manawa pōkole no ke kino o ka pēpē e hana i nā meaʻai e pono ai ka mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻulaʻula koko, i kēlā wikiwiki. Ua like kēia me ka wā e lohi iki ai kekahi o nā lako i ka hōʻea ʻana i kahi hale hou. ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau e hoʻoponopono iā ia iho i ka wā e piha ai ka pēpē i ʻelua a ʻekolu mahina. ʻAʻole pono kēia i ka mālama kūikawā.

2. ʻO nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e haki ana ma mua o ka maʻamau i loko o ke kino

ʻO kēia kekahi kumu nui o ka anemia i nā pēpē. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o ke kino i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, akā haki koke lākou a luku ʻia ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia.

• ʻO ke kūlike ʻole o ke ʻano koko ma waena o ka makuahine a me ka pēpē: ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o kēia. Hiki ke kū mai kēia pilikia ma nā hihia kahi he Rh maikaʻi ʻole ke ʻano koko o ka makuahine a he Rh maikaʻi ke ʻano koko o ka pēpē, a i ʻole inā he mau kūlike ʻole ma waena o nā ʻano koko ABO (e.g. he O ka makuahine, he A a i ʻole B ka pēpē). Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo 'Rh/ABO incompatibility' . Ke hana ʻia kēia, hoʻomaka kekahi mau antibodies i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino o ka makuahine e luku i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula o ka pēpē. Hoʻomohala pinepine kēlā mau pēpē i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo jaundice . A laila e melemele ka ʻili o ka pēpē a me nā keʻokeʻo o nā maka. ʻO kēia no ka mea ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka 'bilirubin' i ka wā e haki ai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kahi mea melemele i loko o ke kino.
• Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi hoʻoilina: I kekahi manawa, ʻo kekahi mau maʻi bacteria a viral paha, a i ʻole kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina i hoʻoili ʻia ma waena o nā hanauna, hiki ke hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e wāwahi koke ma kēia ʻano. No ka laʻana, nā kūlana e like me ka thalassemia.

3. Ka nalowale o ke koko

I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa ka anemia ma muli o ke kahe koko mai ke kino o ke pēpē.

• Ka lawe ʻana i nā laʻana koko ma ka NICU: ʻOi loa aku inā aia ka pēpē i loko o ka Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) , ʻo ia hoʻi, pono ka pēpē i ka mālama olakino kūikawā, pono nā kauka e lawe pinepine i nā laʻana koko e nānā i ke kūlana o ka pēpē. He mea ʻeha iki kēia. Akā, he mea nui kēia mau laʻana koko no nā kauka e hoʻopakele i ka pēpē a mālama pono iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i nā koko liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka pēpē ke lilo i anemia a hiki i ka hoʻopili hou ʻia ʻana i loko o ke kino.
• ʻO ke kahe koko ʻē aʻe: Eia kekahi, i kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano ma muli o ke kahe koko ʻana i loko o ke kino o ka pēpē, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kahe koko ʻana i loko , a i ʻole ma muli o kahi pilikia me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke koko ma waena o ka makuahine a me ka pēpē i ka wā o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū (e.g., kahi pilikia me ka placenta).

4. Hānau mua ʻana

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka anemia i nā pēpē hānau mua . Aia kekahi mau kumu no kēia.

• He haʻahaʻa iki ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ka wā hānau.
• Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma mua o ke ola o kahi pēpē hānau piha. ʻO ke ʻano kēia e haki koke lākou.
• Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i oʻo piha ka iwi o nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻia, no laila lohi hoʻi ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo 'Anemia of Prematurity' .

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka anemia i kahi pēpē?

ʻAʻole hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā pēpē me ka anemia iki i nā hōʻailona nui. Akā inā ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka anemia, e nānā i ka mimi o kāu pēpē no kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

• ʻIli keʻokeʻo: ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona nui. ʻO ka maka o ke pēpē, nā lehelehe, ke alelo, nā poho lima, nā kapuwaʻi wāwae, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ka ʻaoʻao o loko o nā maka (e hoʻāʻo e nānā i loko o ka maka) e lilo i kala keʻokeʻo ma kahi o ka poni.
• Palaualelo: Hoʻohiamoe pinepine ka pēpē, ʻaʻohe hoihoi i ka pāʻani a i ʻole ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kona mau lālā, a he palaualelo loa paha.
• Ka emi ʻana o ka lawe ʻana i ka waiū a i ʻole ka luhi i ka wā e hānai waiū ana: Inā e luaʻi ana kāu pēpē ma hope o ka inu ʻana i kahi waiū liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole e ʻūlū ana a hou paha i ka wā e hānai waiū ana, he hōʻailona paha kēia o ka anemia. ʻO kēia no ka mea luhi koke ke kino no ka mea ʻaʻohe ona oxygen lawa.
• Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai a me ka hanu wikiwiki ʻoiai ke hoʻomaha: Inā hanu wikiwiki kāu pēpē a me ka hanu ʻana ʻoiai ke mālie a hiamoe lākou, pono ʻoe e hopohopo. Ke nele ke kino i ka oxygen, pono ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā e hana ikaika e hāʻawi iā ia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoiai inā loaʻa i kāu pēpē kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he anemia ko lākou. Akā inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea e like me kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike koke ʻana i ke kauka.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia? (Diagnosis)

ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike pono ai inā he anemia kāu pēpē, ʻo ia ke hana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko . E nānā ke kauka a i ʻole ka mea hānai keiki i ka pēpē, a inā manaʻo lākou he anemia, e ʻōlelo lākou, "Hmm.. e lawe kāua i ke koko, ʻeā?" Mai hopohopo, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻeha nui i ka pēpē, he hoʻāʻo liʻiliʻi wale nō.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻimi kēia mau hoʻāʻo koko i nā mea e like me:

• Pae Hemoglobin: ʻO ka Hemoglobin ka protein i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen. Nānā ʻia kēia e ʻike inā haʻahaʻa ka pae ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Ka waiwai Hematocrit: Hōʻike kēia i ka pakeneka o ka nui o ke koko o ka pēpē i hana ʻia me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Inā haʻahaʻa loa kēia, hiki ke hōʻike i ka anemia.
• Helu Reticulocyte: He ʻōpiopio nā reticulocytes, he mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻaʻole i oʻo piha. Hiki i ko lākou helu ke hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou a ke kino e hana nei a inā paha e hana pono ana ka iwi iwi.

E nānā ke kauka i kēia mau hopena hoʻāʻo a pau, nā hōʻailona o ka pēpē, a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo pono ai inā he anemia kāu pēpē, inā pēlā, he aha ke ʻano o ia mea, a he aha ke kumu kūpono.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka anemia i nā pēpē? (Lāʻau lapaʻau)

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "Pehea inā hiki kēia i kaʻu pēpē?" Mai hopohopo. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole pono nā pēpē me ka anemia liʻiliʻi i ka mālama kūikawā. ʻO nā kūlana e like me ka 'physiologic anemia' i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua e ho'ōla iā lākou iho i loko o kekahi mau lā. E nānā ke kauka i ka pēpē a, inā pono, e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko ʻē aʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, inā koʻikoʻi ka anemia, a inā pilikia paha ka pēpē me ia, pono paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• Hoʻoili Koko: No nā pēpē hānau mua ʻole , no nā pēpē maʻi loa , a i ʻole no nā pēpē paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana ma muli o ka anemia, pono paha ka hoʻoili koko i kekahi manawa. Pili kēia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula mai kahi kanaka olakino i loko o ke kino o ka pēpē. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui koke i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke kino.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi mau pēpē nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ko lākou kino e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā mea hoʻohui hao . He meaʻai koʻikoʻi ka hao no ka hana ʻana i ka hemoglobin. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā hormones e like me ka erythropoietin ma ke ʻano he inikini. Hoʻoulu kēia hormone i ka iwi iwi e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• ʻAi: Eia nō naʻe, ua uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i ka meaʻai o kēlā me kēia pēpē me ka anemia. No ka mea, inā hānai pono ʻia ka pēpē hiki i ke kino ke hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e pono ai. Inā hānai waiū, he mea nui loa hoʻi no ka makuahine ke ʻai i nā meaʻai momona i ka hao a me nā meaʻai momona (e like me ka spinach, ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa, ka pī, ka lentil). No ka mea, loaʻa pū i ka pēpē ka meaʻai mai ka meaʻai a ka makuahine.

ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa no kāu pēpē, no laila e hahai pololei i kā lākou mau kuhikuhi.

Nā mea nui a mākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, no laila mai nā mea a pau a mākou i kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i ka anemia i nā pēpē hānau hou, aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo. Eia nā leka lawe i ka home:

• Inā he keʻokeʻo kāu pēpē, hoʻokaʻulua e hānai i ka waiū, ʻike ʻia he luhi pinepine, a he loli paha ka hanu ʻana (e like me ka hanu wikiwiki a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana), mai hoʻomāmā. E ʻike koke i ke kauka. He mau hōʻailona paha kēia o ka anemia.
• ʻAʻole pono nā anemia āpau i ka mālama ʻia. Hoʻopau kekahi mau kūlana (ʻoi aku ka Physiologic Anemia) iā lākou iho. No laila, mai hopohopo inā ʻōlelo ke kauka, "He anemic iki ka pēpē, akā ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai."
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka anemia i nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻole ʻia . Hoʻolohe pono nā kauka i kēia. E makaʻala hoʻi i kēia.
• ʻO ka Rh/ABO incompatibility kekahi kumu nui o ka anemia a me ka jaundice. Hoʻolohe nā kauka i kēia i ka wā hāpai.
• He mea nui loa ka meaʻai kūpono no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia. Pono hoʻi nā makuahine hānai waiū e makaʻala i kā lākou mea e ʻai ai.
• Mai makaʻu a hana paha i kou manaʻo, e hoʻolohe wale i ka ʻōlelo a haʻi. E hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka. ʻO lākou ka poʻe i ʻike i ka mea maikaʻi loa no kāu pēpē.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke kiaʻi pono ʻana i kāu pēpē. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i ke ʻano a i ʻole ke ʻano o kāu pēpē, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. A laila e ulu aʻe kāu keiki liʻiliʻi me ke olakino, hauʻoli, a nani hoʻi!

ʻAʻohe maʻi koko, nā keiki hānau hou, ka maʻi anemia i nā pēpē, nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ka hemoglobin, ka jaundice, ka hānau mua ʻana