Loaʻa pinepine iā ʻoe ka ʻūhū piha i ka mucus? I kekahi manawa manaʻo paha ʻoe he anu maʻamau wale nō ia, akā inā hoʻomau ia, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi maʻi māmā i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchiectasis. Mai hopohopo, kani paha kēia inoa me he mea nui lā, akā inā ʻike ʻoe iā ia a hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka, hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi.
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I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Bronchiectasis?
E noʻonoʻo penei: loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻōnaehana o nā ʻōmole liʻiliʻi e lawe ana i ka ea i ko mākou mau māmā. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau ala ea a i ʻole bronchi. ʻO Bronchiectasis kahi kūlana kahi i hōʻino ʻia ai kēia mau ala ea a hoʻonui mau ʻia, e like me ka pōpō.
Ke hiki mai kēia pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau ʻōmole ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka mucus i loko. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopaʻa nā māmā o ke kanaka olakino i nā germs a me nā ʻāpana lepo i loko o ka mucus a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i waho. Akā i loko o ke kanaka me ka bronchiectasis, hōʻiliʻili ka mucus i loko o nā alaloa i hōʻino ʻia. Hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria i loko o kēia mucus i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i nā maʻi pinepine a me ka hōʻino hou ʻana i nā māmā. No laila, hoʻomau ke kino i ka ʻū ʻana i kona hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopau i kēia mucus i hōʻiliʻili ʻia.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka bronchitis a me ka bronchiectasis?
He nui ka poʻe e huikau i kēia mau inoa ʻelua no ka mea ua like iki ke kani ʻana. Ua like iki nō hoʻi nā hōʻailona, me ka phlegm a me ke kuni i nā mea ʻelua. Akā, aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.
| ʻAno | Ka maʻi bronchial | ʻO ka bronchitis |
|---|---|---|
| ʻAno o ka pōʻino | Hiki mai ka hōʻino mau loa a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ala ea. | He maʻi manawa pōkole kēia o ke ala hanu. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻeha mau loa. |
| Ka lōʻihi | He maʻi mau loa kēia. | He kūlana pōkole (ʻoi) e hoʻopau pinepine ʻia i loko o kekahi mau pule. |
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka bronchiectasis?
ʻAʻole like kēia mau hōʻailona no nā kānaka a pau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona palupalu loa, aʻo kekahi poʻe he nui nā hōʻailona. Eia kekahi, aia paha nā manawa o ka hoʻomaha ʻana, a ukali ʻia e nā manawa o ka "exacerbation" a i ʻole ka flare-up.
| Nā hōʻailona maʻamau | |
|---|---|
| ʻŪhā pinepine me ka mucus | ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona nui. I kekahi manawa aia paha he kahe ʻana e like me ka pus melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha. |
| Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea) | He mea paʻakikī ke hanu, ʻoiai ke luhi ʻoe. |
| Anuanu pinepine a i ʻole nā maʻi puʻupaʻa | ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻūpā o ka umauma ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. |
| ʻŌhūhū (wheezing) i ka wā e hanu ana | Lohe ʻia ke kani mai ka puʻu a i ʻole ka umauma i ka wā e hanu ai i waho. |
| Ke ʻū ʻana i ke koko (Hemoptysis) | Aia paha he koko liʻiliʻi a he nui paha e puka mai ana me ka huʻa. |
| Ka ʻūlū ʻana o nā kui (ka pehu ʻana o nā manamana lima a me ka wili ʻana o nā kui) | He hōʻailona e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o nā pae oxygen no ka manawa lōʻihi. |
| Nā hōʻailona e kū mai ana i ka wā e ʻoi aku ka maʻi (exacerbation) | |
| Luhi nui (Fatigue) | Manaʻo luhi loa. |
| Kuni a me nā anu | He hōʻailona e hōʻike ana he maʻi i loko o ke kino. |
| Hoʻonui ʻia ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana | Ke pilikia nei ka hanu ʻana ma mua o ka maʻamau. |
| Nā hou o ka pō | ʻO kekahi hōʻailona o kahi maʻi. |
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Hana ʻia ka Bronchiectasis ma kahi "pōʻaiapuni ʻino." Hoʻomaka ia ma ke ʻano ʻē loa. He ʻelua 'ʻanuʻu' kona.
1. Ka hōʻino mua: ʻO ka mea mua, ua hōʻino kekahi maʻi, ka maʻi ahulau, a i ʻole kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe i nā ala ea i loko o nā māmā.
2. Ka Pōʻaiapuni ʻino: ʻO kēia pōʻino ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka mucus ma kahi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia. Ulu ka bacteria i loko o ka mucus i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Hoʻoulu kēia mau bacteria i nā maʻi hou aʻe, e hoʻonāwaliwali hou ana i nā paia o ka māmā, a me ka hōʻino hou aʻe. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia pōʻaiapuni.
I kekahi manawa, ma kahi o 40% o nā maʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke kumu pololei o kēia pōʻino mua.
ʻO nā kumu nui o ka bronchiectasis
- ʻO Cystic Fibrosis: He maʻi hoʻoilina kēia e hoʻopilikia ai i nā māmā ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka mucus i loko o ke kino.
- Nā maʻi ʻeha nui o ka māmā: ʻO nā maʻi ʻeha nui e like me ka niumonia, ka ʻūhū whooping, a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻupuʻu (TB) i ka wā kamaliʻi hiki ke hōʻeha mau loa i nā māmā.
- ʻŌnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali: ʻO nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi HIV a i ʻole nā hemahema pale ʻē aʻe (e like me ka hypogammaglobulinemia) hiki ke hana i nā maʻi pinepine a hōʻino i nā māmā.
- Nā maʻi Autoimmune:I nā maʻi e like me ka Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) a i ʻole Lupus (SLE), hiki i nā pūnaewele ponoʻī o ke kino ke hoʻouka a hōʻino i nā māmā.
- Ka ālai ʻana o ke alaloa: Inā he puʻupuʻu, kino ʻē, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū lymph pehu e ālai i kahi alaloa, hiki i ka mucus ke hōʻiliʻili ma ia wahi a hana i ka bronchiectasis.
- ʻO ka Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA): He hopena maʻi kēia i kahi ʻano fungus.
- ʻO ka Ciliary Dyskinesia Mua: He maʻi hoʻoilina nō hoʻi kēia. Hōʻiliʻili ka mucus no ka mea ʻaʻole hana pono nā 'lauoho liʻiliʻi' (cilia) e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka mucus mai ka maka, a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e hoʻolohe pono ʻo ia i kāu mau hōʻailona a me ka mōʻaukala olakino i hala. A laila e hoʻolohe ʻo ia i kou umauma me kahi stethoscope a paipai i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe.
- ʻO ke kiʻi CT umauma: ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa e ʻike ai i ka bronchiectasis. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike maopopo inā ua ākea nā ala ea i loko o nā māmā a ua mānoanoa nā paia. ʻOiai hiki ke hana mua ʻia kahi X-ray, ʻo ka CT scan wale nō ke ala e hōʻoia ai i ka hōʻailona.
- Moʻomeheu Sputum: Lawe ʻia kahi laʻana o kāu sputum a hoʻāʻo ʻia ke ʻano o ka bacteria e ulu ana i loko e hoʻoholo ai inā pono nā lāʻau antibiotic.
- Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana Mama: Ke noi ʻia nei ʻoe e hanu i loko a i waho i loko o kahi mīkini e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā.
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Kōkua nā hoʻāʻo koko e hoʻoholo inā he maʻi i loko o ke kino a inā he pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale.
- Bronchoscopy: I kekahi manawa, pono kāu kauka e nānā i loko o kou mau ala ea. Hoʻohana kēia i kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi me kahi kāmela (bronchoscope) e ʻike inā ua paʻa kekahi mea i loko a pehea ke ʻano o ka mucus.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?
ʻO ka mea mua e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻo ka bronchiectasis kahi maʻi hiki ʻole ke ho'ōla loa ʻia , ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka pōʻino o nā māmā. Eia nō naʻe, me ka mālama kūpono a me nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki i nā poʻe he nui ke hoʻokele i kā lākou mau hōʻailona a ola i kahi ola maʻamau.
ʻEkolu mau pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana:
1. Ke wehe ʻana i ka mucus e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o nā māmā.
2. Ka kaohi ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi.
3. Hoʻemi i ka mumū i loko o nā māmā.
| ʻAno lapaʻau | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe alaea | |
| Nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa hanu a me ka hoʻōla kino | E aʻo aku kekahi mea hoʻōla kino iā ʻoe i nā ʻano hana ʻū a me ka hanu ʻana e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mucus me ka maʻalahi. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā ʻano hana e like me ke kuʻi ʻana o ka umauma. |
| Nā lako lapaʻau | Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me nā mea PEP oscillating a i ʻole nā ʻaʻahu percussive i kau ʻia ma ka umauma e kōkua i ka wehe ʻana a me ka hoʻokuke ʻana i ka mucus. |
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau | |
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau | Ke loaʻa nā maʻi, mālama ʻia lākou me nā pila, nā syrup, a i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, nā lāʻau lapaʻau intravenous (IV). I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou ma nā dosis haʻahaʻa no kahi manawa lōʻihi e pale aku ai i nā maʻi. |
| Nā lāʻau Mucolytic | Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻomāmā ʻana i ka mucus mānoanoa a maʻalahi hoʻi ke kuni ʻana. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka mahu ma o kahi nebulizer. |
| Nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory | ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā macrolides e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pehu ʻana i nā alaloa aʻo ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā maʻi. |
I ka wā e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻū mau me ka phlegm a i ʻole ke paʻakikī nei ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, e ʻike pono i ke kauka. Inā ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻoe me ka bronchiectasis, e kāhea koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me ke kuni a me ka ʻūhā.
- Inā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana ma mua o ka maʻamau.
- Inā ʻoi aku kou luhi ma mua o ka maʻamau.
- Inā nui loa ka nui o ka mucus āu e ʻū ai, ua loli ke kala o ka mucus (ʻōmaʻomaʻo/melemele), a i ʻole he koko i loko o ka mucus.
- Inā e nalowale kou makemake a lilo ke kaumaha.
Akā i ke kūlana e like me kēia, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit):
- Inā nui kou kahe ʻana o ke koko.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha o ka umauma.
- Inā paʻakikī loa ka hanu ʻana.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi lōʻihi ka Bronchiectasis kahi e hōʻino mau ʻia ai nā ala ea i loko o nā māmā a hoʻonui ʻia.
- ʻO ka hōʻailona nui, he ʻū mau e hoʻopuka ana i ka nui o ka mucus.
- ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi i nā hōʻailona, pale i nā maʻi, a ola i kahi ola maikaʻi.
- He mea nui loa ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka a me ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa wehe mucus i kēlā me kēia lā.
- E pale loa i ka puhipaka. E pale i ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi a me nā kinoea e hōʻino ai i nā māmā.
- E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau pale e pono ai (e like me ka Flu, Pneumococcal) i ka manawa kūpono.
- Inā ʻoi aʻe ka ʻino o nā hōʻailona a i ʻole ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona pōpilikia, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
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