Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi ʻeha a ʻelua paha ma kou kino a manaʻo, "Auē, ma hea kēia i pā ai?" He mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi e like me ia i kekahi manawa. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻeha ma kou kino me ke kumu ʻole, inā e kahe ke koko o kou ʻāʻī i kou palaki ʻana i kou mau niho, a inā ʻaʻole e pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko o kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, he mea ia e hopohopo ai. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i nā hōʻailona like, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe he nui e pili ana i ia mea. ʻO ia ka ITP.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka ITP?
ʻO ka inoa piha o ka maʻi, i hoʻopōkole ʻia ʻo ITP, ʻo ia ʻo Immune Thrombocytopenia. He maʻi pili koko kakaikahi loa kēia.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, aia nā ʻāpana cell liʻiliʻi loa i kapa ʻia ʻo "Platelets" i loko o ko kākou koko. Ua like lākou me nā koa liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino. Inā he ʻoki a ʻeha paha ma kekahi wahi, ʻo ka hana nui o kēia mau platelets ka holo wikiwiki ʻana i laila, e pili pū ana, a e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
I kēia manawa, eia ka mea e hana ʻia i kahi kanaka me ITP. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale, ka mea e pale ai i ko mākou kino mai ka maʻi, ua lilo koke i mea lapuwale. Ma muli o kēlā haunaele, ua kuhi hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale i kā mākou mau 'koa' maikaʻi, nā platelets, he ʻenemi mai waho. A laila, ma muli o kēlā hōʻailona wahaheʻe, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana pale e luku i kēia mau platelets.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ITP ka wā e luku ai kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i kā mākou mau platelets koko ponoʻī. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka helu platelet i loko o ke koko ma lalo o nā pae maʻamau .
Ke emi iho nā platelets, emi pū ko lākou hiki ke hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻomaka ai ʻoe e ʻeha a kahe ke koko me ke kumu ʻole.
He aha nā ʻano nui o ITP?
Ua māhele ʻia ʻo ITP i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui, ma muli o ka lōʻihi o kona mau ʻana. He mea nui loa iā ʻoe e ʻike i kēia.
| ʻAno ITP | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| ITP koʻikoʻi (ITP pōkole) | ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mahina kēia. Loaʻa pinepine ia i nā keiki ʻōpio (ʻoi aku hoʻi ka poʻe ma waena o 2-5 mau makahiki) ma hope o ko lākou hoʻōla ʻana mai kahi maʻi viral, e like me ke anu a i ʻole ka maʻi palū. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hoʻopau pinepine ia me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| ITP mau loa | ʻO ka mau o kēia ʻano ma waena o 3 a me 12 mau mahina. |
| ITP mau loa | ʻOi aku kēia ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki. Hoʻomohala pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano i nā pākeke. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ulu pū i nā keiki ʻōpio. Pono paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi. |
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka ITP?
ʻIke wale ʻia nā hōʻailona ke haʻahaʻa loa ka helu platelet. ʻAʻole paha e loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kekahi mau hōʻailona i ka wā mua.
- ʻEha koke: ʻIke koke ʻia nā ʻeha polū-poni ma ke kino me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha.
- Nā kiko ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili: Nā kiko ʻulaʻula-poni (`petechiae`) e like me nā kui liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wāwae haʻahaʻa. He koko maoli kēia e kahe ana mai nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka ʻili.
- Nā kiko nui: I kekahi manawa e ʻike ʻia nā kiko ʻulaʻula nui, poni, a ʻeleʻele paha (`Purpura`).
- ʻĀʻī koko: Hiki i kou ʻāʻī ke koko, i ka wā e palaki ai i kou mau niho a i kou kū wale ʻana ma laila.
- Kahe o ka ihu: Ke hoʻomaka ka kahe o ka ihu, hiki ke paʻakikī ke ho'ōki.
- Koko i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole ka ʻōpala: He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi iki kēia.
- Ke kahe koko nui o ka menstruation i nā wahine: ʻO ka mau ʻana o ka menstruation ma mua o 7 mau lā a me ke kahe koko nui.
- Luhi maʻamau ʻole: Luhi nui a me ka luhi i ʻike ʻia me ke kumu ʻole.
He aha nā kumu o ka ITP?
E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo ke kumu nui o ka ITP he pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ITP i ʻelua ʻano ma muli o ke kumu o kēia pilikia.
1. ITP Mua: Ma kēia ʻano ITP, ʻaʻohe kumu waho maopopo. Hana hewa wale ka ʻōnaehana pale.
2. ITP lua: I kēia hihia, kū mai ka ITP ma muli o kekahi maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana:
- Nā maʻi viral e like me ka 'HIV' a i ʻole 'Hepatitis C'.
- Nā maʻi bacteria e like me ka 'H. pylori'.
- ʻO nā maʻi autoimmune ʻē aʻe e like me lupus.
- Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano e kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻIke a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia,ʻO ka mea mua āu e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Mai makaʻu. E nīnau ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino a nānā i kou kino.
A laila, e kauoha lākou i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā he mau kumu ʻē aʻe no kēia mau hōʻailona.
- Helu Koko Piha (FBC/CBC): ʻO kēia ka mea e haʻi pololei iā ʻoe i ka haʻahaʻa o kāu helu platelet.
- ʻO ka ʻikepili koko peripheral: Ma kēia, lawe ʻia kahi kulu koko a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i ke ʻano o nā platelets.
- Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe: Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻoe no nā maʻi e like me ka HIV a me ka Hepatitis C.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
ʻAʻole e hoʻomaka koke ka poʻe a pau me ITP i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ma muli o ka helu o kāu platelet, ke koʻikoʻi o kāu mau hōʻailona, a me kou pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
Inā pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau, aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau nui e hāʻawi ʻia:
- ʻO Corticosteroids: ʻO kēia ke ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau mua i hāʻawi ʻia. Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka kaohi ʻana i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana pale a me ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā platelets.
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG): He lāʻau lapaʻau kēia i hāʻawi ʻia ma o kahi aʻa (e like me ka hopena saline). Inā he kahe koko nui, hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka hoʻonui koke ʻana i kāu helu platelet.
- Ka Hoʻoili ʻAna o nā Platelet: I ka wā o ke kahe koko koʻikoʻi e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola (no ka laʻana, ke kahe ʻana o ka lolo), hāʻawi ʻia nā platelets mai ke kanaka olakino ma ke ʻano he pilikia.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe: Inā ʻaʻole i kaohi ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua i ka maʻi, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka hana platelet (e like me ʻEltrombopag, Romiplostim) a i ʻole e kaohi ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe (e like me ʻRituximab).
- Splenectomy: ʻO ka spleen kahi wahi nui o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā platelet i loko o ko mākou kino. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻōlelo nā kauka i ka wehe ʻana i ka spleen no kekahi poʻe.
Nā mea e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e noho ai me ITP
He maʻi ka ITP mau loa e hiki ke noho pū me ʻoe no ka manawa lōʻihi. No laila, pono ʻoe e mālama i nā mea liʻiliʻi e pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā pōpilikia a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ka wā e ola ana i kahi ola maʻamau.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, mai lawe i nā lāʻau ʻeha a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe me ke kamaʻilio ʻole ʻana me kāu kauka. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me 'Aspirin' a me 'Ibuprofen' e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
- E palekana: E pale i nā haʻuki pili e like me ka rugby a me ka pôpeku. Inā ʻoe e holo paikikala, e hōʻoia e kau i ka mahiole.
- E hoʻohana i kahi palaki niho palupalu: Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka ʻāʻī.
- E makaʻala i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻoi: E noʻonoʻo pono i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea e like me nā pahi a me nā mea ʻoki kui.
- E hōʻemi i ke kaumaha: He mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaha i kou noʻonoʻo ma o nā mea e like me ka yoga a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka ITP kahi kūlana kahi e hoʻopau ai kāu ʻōnaehana ponoʻī i nā platelets, kahi e kōkua ai i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.
- Inā ʻeha ʻoe me ke kumu ʻole a kahe pinepine ke koko, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a e ʻike koke i ke kauka.
- ʻAʻole ka ITP he maʻi ʻaʻai, a ʻaʻole ia he mea laha.
- Hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke mālama pono i kēia kūlana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a alakaʻi i ke ola maʻamau. No kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā keiki, e hoʻoponopono ia ma kāna iho.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ITP, mai lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoiai nā lāʻau ʻeha) me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a kāu kauka.
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