Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea ʻoe e loaʻa ai ʻaʻole wale ke kala o kou mau maka, ke ʻano o kou lauoho, kou kiʻekiʻe, akā kekahi mau maʻi? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, akā ʻo ka mea ikaika loa i loko o ko mākou kino nāna e kuleana no kēia mau mea āpau. ʻO ia ka DNA. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia inoa i nā manawa he nui, ma nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ma ke TV, ma nā puke kula. Akā i kēia lā e kamaʻilio maʻalahi a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i kāna hana maoli.
He aha ka DNA maʻalahi?
E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e kūkulu ana ʻoe i hale nui. Pono ʻoe i kahi hoʻolālā, kahi palapala hoʻolālā, no kēlā, ʻeā? Ma ke ʻano like, ʻo ka DNA ka hoʻonohonoho piha o nā kuhikuhi, ka hoʻolālā piha, e pono ai e "kūkulu" iā ʻoe. Ua kākau ʻia nā ʻike āpau e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpū o kou kino, pehea lākou e hana ai, a me ke ʻano o kou ʻano i loko o kēia DNA.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ka DNA me kahi waihona puke nui e loaʻa ana nā ʻike āpau e pili ana iā ʻoe, i kākau ʻia ma kahi ʻōlelo e hiki ai i nā cell i loko o ko mākou kino ke heluhelu. Aia kēia DNA i loko o nā cell o nā mea ola āpau. Loaʻa iā ʻoe kāu DNA mai kou mau mākua mai. Hoʻoilina ʻoe i ka hapalua pololei mai kou makuahine a ʻo ka hapalua ʻē aʻe mai kou makuakāne .
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo DNA ke kū nei no ka Deoxyribonucleic acid . He ʻano paʻakikī iki ke kani ʻana o ka inoa, ʻeā? Akā, he maʻalahi loa kona manaʻo. He ʻano waikawa kūikawā ia i loaʻa i loko o ka "lolo" o kā mākou mau cell, i loko o ka nucleus.
ʻO kā mākou DNA holoʻokoʻa - ʻo ia hoʻi, ka Genome
ʻO ka hui piha o ka DNA i loko o kou kino ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka genome . Ua like ia me ka hale waihona puke nui aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia hale waihona puke penei.
| ʻĀpana | ʻO ke ʻano maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Nā Chromosome | Ua like kēia me nā puke nui i loko o kāu waihona DNA. Ua māhele ʻia kā mākou DNA i nā ʻāpana hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia, a i ʻole nā puke, e kēia mau chromosomes. |
| Nā Genes | Ua like kēia me nā mokuna i loko o kēlā mau puke.E like me. Hoʻoholo kēlā me kēia gene i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ʻoe. Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo ke gene e hoʻoholo ai i ke kala o kou mau maka, ʻo ke gene e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o kou lauoho. |
| DNA ʻaʻole hoʻopili | ʻO kēia nā ʻāpana DNA ma waena o nā genes. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e kuhikuhi pololei i kahi ʻano, he mea nui loa lākou. Ua like lākou me nā māka kiko (nā kū, nā koma) i loko o kahi puke. Kōkua lākou i kēlā mau genes e hana pono a kōkua pū me nā kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe i loko o nā cell. |
He aha ka mea e hana maoli ana i ka DNA?
ʻO ka hana nui o ka DNA, ʻo ia ke hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi no ka hana ʻana i nā protein, he mea nui ia no ko kākou kino. Hana kēia mau protein i nā mea āpau i loko o ko kākou kino - kōkua lākou i nā mea āpau mai ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ko kākou mau ʻōpū a hiki i ko kākou ʻano.
Hoʻohana ka DNA i kāna ʻōlelo kūikawā ponoʻī e kākau i kēia mau kuhikuhi. ʻEhā wale nō leka o kēia ʻōlelo. ʻO A, C, G a me T. E like me kā mākou pīʻāpā Sinhala, hui pū kēia mau leka ʻehā, e hana ana i nā piliona o nā kuhikuhi like ʻole. E noʻonoʻo i ka hui pū ʻia ʻana o nā leka 'ல', 'ம', 'ய' e hana i ka huaʻōlelo 'லமா'. Inā ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā leka, loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe e like me 'மலா'. Pēlā kēia mau leka A, C, G, T e hui pū kekahi, e hana ana i nā kuhikuhi like ʻole e pono ai kou kino. ʻO ia ke kumu he kū hoʻokahi ka DNA o kēlā me kēia kanaka.
ʻO kēia mau leka ʻehā ke kū nei no nā kumu kemika ʻehā : ʻo Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, a me Thymine . Heluhelu nā ʻāpana i loko o ko kākou kino i kēia mau leka a hana i nā protein i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu.
1. Ka Hoʻololi ʻana: Hele mai kekahi mole kūikawā ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo RNA (e like me ka mea lawe leka) a kope i nā kuhikuhi i loko o ka DNA. A laila lawe ia i kēlā kope mai loko mai o ka nucleus.
2. Unuhi: ʻO ka mea aʻe, heluhelu nā ʻano hale hana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ribosomes i ka leka RNA a, e like me nā kuhikuhi i loko, hōʻuluʻulu i nā waikawa amino e hana i kahi protein.
3. Ka hana hope loa: A laila hoʻololi hou ʻia ka protein i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, pelu pono ʻia, a hoʻouna ʻia i kahi i makemake ʻia i loko o ke kino.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo DNA ka hoʻolālā nui. ʻO RNA ke kanaka nāna e lawe i kope o kēlā hoʻolālā a lawe mai i ka wahi hana. ʻO Ribosomes nā limahana e hahai ana i kēlā hoʻolālā a hana i ka hana. ʻO ka protein ka huahana hope loa.
He aha ke ʻano a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka DNA?
He nani loa ke ʻano o ka DNA. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he helix pālua.ʻO ia hoʻi, ua like ia me ʻelua alapiʻi wili i wili ʻia. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo maʻalahi, ua like kona ʻano me ke alapiʻi wili .
Hana ʻia ka DNA me nā poloka hale liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo nucleotides . ʻEkolu ʻāpana o kēlā me kēia nucleotide.
| ʻĀpana o ka nucleotide | Hana (maʻalahi) |
|---|---|
| Kumu Naikokene | ʻO kēia nā leka A, C, G, T a mākou i kamaʻilio ai. Hoʻopili lākou i waena, e like me nā ʻanuʻu o ke alapiʻi wili. Aia kekahi lula kūikawā ma ʻaneʻi. Hoʻopili mau ʻo A me T, a hoʻopili mau ʻo C me G. |
| Molekala kō (Deoxyribose Sugar) | Hana ʻia kēia e hoʻohui i ke kumu (ke kāʻei) i ka lima o ke alapiʻi. |
| Pūʻulu Phosphate | ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻopili ai i nā molekula kō e hana i ke kuamoʻo o ke alapiʻi wili. |
Aia i hea ka DNA?
Aneane kēlā me kēia cell i loko o kou kino he DNA i loko o kona nucleus. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe nucleus o kekahi mau cell, e like me nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, a no laila ʻaʻohe DNA. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mitochondria, ʻo ia nā hale mana o kā mākou mau cell, he DNA ponoʻī ko lākou. ʻO ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia DNA mitochondrial, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana mai o ko mākou mau makuahine .
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia inā hana ʻia nā hewa i loko o ka DNA?
Inā he hewa, pōʻino, a kuhihewa paha i ka ʻike i loko o ka DNA, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā pilikia olakino. Loaʻa i ko kākou kino kā lākou mau ʻōnaehana ponoʻī e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe hewa i ka hana ʻana i nā kope o kā kākou DNA. Ua like ia me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kahi leka. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke hāʻule kēia kaʻina hana. A laila hiki ke hana ʻia nā loli i loko o ka DNA, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mutations .
Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau mea a mākou e hana ai i ko mākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā ke hōʻino i ka DNA.
- Ka nui o ka lā
- Ka hanu ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me ka uahi a me ka ʻōpala o ke kaʻa
- Puhipaka
- Ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona
Hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi like ʻole ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia a i ʻole nā loli i ka DNA e like me kēia.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Nā maʻi o nā māmā, ka puʻuwai a me nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe
- ʻEleʻele wikiwiki o ka ʻili
- Nā pilikia hānau keiki
- ʻO kekahi mau kūlana hānau
ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ke ola i kahi nohona olakino, e pale i ka puhipaka a me ka waiʻona. Kōkua pū kēia mau mea i ka pale ʻana i kā mākou DNA. Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka .
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka DNA ka hoʻonohonoho piha o nā kuhikuhi, ka palapala hoʻolālā, e pono ai ke kūkulu a hoʻokele i kou kino.
- Ua hoʻoilina ʻoe i ka hapalua o kāu DNA mai kou makuahine a ʻo kekahi hapalua mai kou makuakāne mai.
- ʻO ka hana nui o ka DNA ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi no ka hana ʻana i nā protein e pono ai ke kino.
- Ua like ke ʻano o ka DNA me ke alapiʻi wili (helix pālua).
- Hiki i nā hewa a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i ka DNA ke hana i nā maʻi like ʻole, e like me ke kanesa.
- Kōkua ke ʻano ola olakino i ka pale ʻana i kāu DNA mai ka hōʻino ʻia.
💬 Comments (0)
ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.
Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo