Ke luhi mau nei ʻoe? He keʻokeʻo kou helehelena a he melemele kou helehelena? A i ʻole he maʻi koko hoʻoilina ko kekahi o kou ʻohana? I nā manawa e like me kēia, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻāʻo koko kūikawā. ʻO kekahi hoʻāʻo koko koʻikoʻi loa a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā ua kapa ʻia ʻo Hemoglobin Electrophoresis. ʻOiai paha he paʻakikī iki ka inoa, he maʻalahi loa kāna hana. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o ia mea, no ke aha e hana ʻia ai, a me nā mea hiki iā kākou ke aʻo mai ia mea.
He aha ka Hemoglobin Electrophoresis?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Hemoglobin Electrophoresis kahi hoʻokolohua lab kūikawā e nānā ana i nā ʻano hemoglobin i loko o kou mau ʻulaʻula koko, a me ka nui o kēlā me kēia ʻano i loko o lākou.
ʻAe, ke nīnau nei ʻoe, "He aha kēia hemoglobin?" E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua like nā ʻulaʻula koko i loko o kou kino me nā kalaka lawe liʻiliʻi. A laila ʻo ka hemoglobin ke 'kanaka lawe' e noho ana i loko o kēlā kalaka, e ʻohi ana i nā ʻeke o ka oxygen mai nā māmā a hāʻawi iā lākou i nā cell ʻē aʻe o ke kino . Ke hana pono kēia 'kanaka lawe' hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ka oxygen lawa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ko mākou kino.
Akā i kekahi manawa, ma muli o nā kumu hoʻoilina, loaʻa i kēia protein i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoglobin kekahi mau loli a kīnā paha. A laila hoʻomaka kēia 'mea lawe' e hana i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa iki. Ma muli o kēia hemoglobin hemahema, hiki ke loli ke ʻano o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hiki ke haki koke, a ʻaʻole paha e loaʻa i ke kino ka nui kūpono o ka oxygen. Hana mākou i kēia hoʻāʻo Hemoglobin Electrophoresis e ʻike pono inā he mau ʻano hemoglobin like ʻole a hemahema.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia a me kahi hoʻāʻo hemoglobin maʻamau?
He mea kēia e huikau ai nā kānaka he nui. Inā ʻoe e nānā i kahi hōʻike FBC (Full Blood Count), loaʻa iā ia kahi waiwai i kapa ʻia ʻo Hemoglobin (Hb).
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hemoglobin maʻamau (i loaʻa ma FBC): Ana wale kēia i ka nui o ka hemoglobin i loko o kou koko. Ua like ia me, ma kā mākou laʻana, ke nānā nei i ka nui o nā 'kāne lawe' i loko o kou kino.
- Hoʻāʻo Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: He hoʻāʻo hohonu loa kēia. Nānā ia i nā ʻano hemoglobin i loko o kou koko a me ka nui o kēlā me kēia ʻano . ʻAʻole ia e like me ka nānā wale ʻana i ka nui o nā 'kāne lawe', akā ke nānā pū nei hoʻi inā he mau mea "maikaʻi", nā mea "ʻokoʻa iki", a me nā mea "hemahema" , a inā pēlā, ehia.
He mea nui loa kēia hoʻāʻo no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi koko hoʻoilina e like me ka anemia cell sickle a me ka thalassemia.
E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā ʻano nui o ka hemoglobin.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano hemoglobin e nānā nui ʻia e kēia hoʻāʻo. E nānā i ka papa ma lalo no kahi hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi o kēia mau mea.
| ʻAno hemoglobin | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia... |
|---|---|
| Hemoglobin A (HgbA) | ʻO kēia ke ʻano hemoglobin "maʻamau" loa i loko o ke koko o kahi pākeke olakino. ʻOi aku ia ma mua o 95% o ka hemoglobin holoʻokoʻa i loko o kahi pākeke olakino. |
| Hemoglobin F (HgbF) | Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "fetal hemoglobin." E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo ia ke ʻano nui o ka hemoglobin i loko o nā fetuses a me nā pēpē hānau hou. I ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, emi ka nui o HgbF a piʻi ka nui o HgbA. ʻO kahi pae kiʻekiʻe loa o kēia i loko o kahi pākeke hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi. |
| Hemoglobin S (HgbS) | ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hemoglobin kīnā e hoʻoulu ai i ka anemia cell sickle . Ke hana ʻia kēia, lilo nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ma kahi o ko lākou ʻano poepoe maʻamau, i ke ʻano sickle a hiki ke paʻa i loko o nā kīʻaha koko. |
| Hemoglobin C (HgbC) | ʻO kēia kekahi ʻano hemoglobin kīnā. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopau i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ka wā ʻōpiopio, e alakaʻi ana i ka anemia (ka nele o ke koko i loko o ke koko). |
Pehea ʻoe e huki ai i ke koko no kēia hoʻāʻo? He mea anei ia e makaʻu ai?
ʻAʻole loa. Ua like kēia me kahi hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ke koko ma muli o ka makahiki a me ka pono.
| Ke ʻano hōʻiliʻili koko | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Ka huki koko venous | ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pākeke a me nā keiki makua. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi aʻa koko ma ke kūlou o kou kuʻekuʻe lima a huki ʻia kahi koko liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha iki, e like me ke nahu ʻia e kahi ʻanuʻu, akā he mau kekona wale nō ia. |
| Lāʻau manamana lima | Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana no nā keiki liʻiliʻi a i ʻole i ka wā e pono ai kekahi mau kulu koko. Hōʻiliʻili ʻia kekahi mau kulu koko ma ke hou ʻana i ka piko o ka manamana lima me kahi nila liʻiliʻi. |
| Lāʻau kuʻekuʻe wāwae | Hana ʻia kēia no nā pēpē hānau hou . I loko o 48 mau hola o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē, ua hou ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi ma ko lākou kuʻekuʻe wāwae a hōʻiliʻili ʻia kekahi mau kulu koko ma kahi kāleka kūikawā. ʻO kēia kekahi hapa o ka moʻo hoʻāʻo "newborn screening" i hana ʻia ma aneane kēlā me kēia pēpē hānau hou ma Sri Lanka. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia e like me Sickle Cell Anemia inā ʻike mua ʻia. Mai hopohopo e pili ana i ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka pēpē, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻoiai e paʻa ana ka makuahine i ka pēpē. |
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ana i kēia hāpana koko i loko o ka lab?
Ke hele kāu hāpana koko i ka lab, hahai nā loea ma laila i kahi kaʻina hana kūikawā.
E noʻonoʻo e like kēlā me kēia ʻano hemoglobin me nā kānaka i kaupaona ʻokoʻa a hiki ke holo i nā wikiwiki like ʻole.
1. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hemoglobin mai kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
2. A laila kau ʻia kēia hui hemoglobin ma luna o kahi gel kūikawā a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana pepa.
3. I kēia manawa ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi au uila i kēia.
4. Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka uila, neʻe kēlā me kēia ʻano hemoglobin i mua ma o kēia gel ma nā wikiwiki like ʻole , ma muli o kona kaumaha a me ka uku uila.E like me ka heihei holo, e hele ana ka poʻe wikiwiki i mua a e waiho ʻia ana ka poʻe lohi ma hope.
5. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻano hemoglobin ma ke ʻano he mau kāʻei kala kaʻawale .
6. ʻO ka mea hope loa, hoʻohālikelike nā limahana lab i kāu ʻano band i ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kanaka olakino. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e haʻi pololei i nā ʻano hemoglobin i loko o kou koko, a inā he maʻamau a ʻano ʻē paha ka nui.
He aha ke ʻano o kaʻu hōʻike?
E loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻike i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka hoʻāʻo. E papa inoa ia i nā pakeneka a me nā waiwai no kēlā me kēia ʻano hemoglobin. No ka laʻana, inā hōʻike ia i ke alo o HgbS a i ʻole HgbC, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi Sickle Cell a i ʻole kahi maʻi like. Inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae HgbF i kahi pākeke, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o kahi maʻi e like me Thalassemia.
Akā, e hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻokahi mea nui loa. Mai huki i kāu mau hopena ponoʻī ma muli o nā helu a me nā leka ma kēia hōʻike, a mai hana i kahi hōʻailona ma muli o ka pūnaewele. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i ka makaʻu pono ʻole i loko o kou manaʻo.
ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke wehewehe i ke ʻano kikoʻī o kēia hōʻike, e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. No laila, i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe ka hōʻike, e hālāwai me ke kauka nāna i kauoha a kamaʻilio e pili ana.
He mea maʻamau i nā mākua ke makaʻu a hopohopo inā hōʻike ka hōʻike a kāu pēpē i kahi mea ʻē. Akā, mai hopohopo. ʻO ia hoʻi, he manawa kūpono kou e hoʻomaka ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka mālama e pono ai kāu pēpē i ka wā mua. E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau āu e pono ai.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Hemoglobin Electrophoresis kahi hoʻāʻo kūikawā e ana ʻole i ka nui o ka hemoglobin i loko o ke koko, akā ʻo kona mau ʻano pū kekahi.
- He kōkua nui kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi koko hoʻoilina e like me ka sickle cell anemia a me ka thalassemia.
- He mea maʻalahi loa a palekana hoʻi ke huki ʻia ʻana o kou koko no kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻAʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai.
- ʻO ka mea nui loa: Mai ho'āʻo e hoʻomaopopo i ka hōʻike iā ʻoe iho. E hōʻike mau i kāu kauka a nīnau iā ia no nā kikoʻī.
- ʻAʻole ka hopena o ka honua kahi hōʻike kūpono ʻole. ʻO ia wale nō ka hana mua ma ka huakaʻi i kahi hōʻoia pololei a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai.
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