He aha ka Histoplasmosis? E ʻike pono kākou!

Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe anei ʻoe i kahi wahi kahiko a lepo e like me ka ʻatikika kahiko, kahi ana, a i ʻole kahi hale moa? A i ʻole hana ma kahi hale kahiko e wāwahi ʻia ana? I nā manawa e like me kēia, hiki i nā maʻi a mākou e noʻonoʻo ʻole ai ke komo i loko o ko mākou kino ma o ka ea a mākou e hanu nei. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ke kūlana weliweli a mākou e kamaʻilio nei ma kēia ʻatikala i kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole i kamaʻilio nui ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Histoplasmosis?

He maʻi ka Histoplasmosis i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi fungus. ʻO ka pololei, ʻo ka fungus e hoʻoulu ai ua kapa ʻia ʻo `(Histoplasma capsulatum)`. Noho pinepine kēia fungus i ka lepo. Akā, ʻaʻole i nā lepo āpau. Ulu maikaʻi kēia fungus i nā lepo i loaʻa ka nui o nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻōpala manu .

E noʻonoʻo i ka lepo i loko o kahi hale kahiko, kahi ana ʻōpeʻapeʻa, kahi me nā hale moa, a i ʻole ma lalo o ke alahaka kahi e hele pinepine ai nā manu e like me nā manu nūnū. Ke ʻeli ʻia ka lepo, kahili ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia ma kēia mau wahi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia mau spores fungal i loko o ka lepo i ka lewa. A laila, ke hanu mākou i kēlā ea, hiki i kēlā mau spores fungal ke komo i loko o ko mākou mau māmā a hoʻoulu i ka maʻi .

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia fungus ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Hiki i ke kanaka me kahi ʻōnaehana pale olakino ke hakakā i kēia fungus a kāohi iā ia me ka ʻole o nā pilikia. Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi kekahi mau hui, hiki i ka maʻi ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka pilikia nui loa:

• Nā pēpē ʻōpiopio loa a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule: No ka mea, he nāwaliwali ko kēia mau kānaka ʻelua i nā ʻōnaehana pale kino .
• Nā kānaka me nā maʻi māmā mau loa: Hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻonui i ke kūlana o ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD .
• ʻO ka poʻe i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ko lākou palekana:Pono kekahi mau kūlana olakino i ka mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale. No ka laʻana, ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi hoʻoili kino a i ʻole ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā mea pale TNF (e.g. infliximab (Remicade)).
• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale: ʻOi aku ka pilikia o ka poʻe maʻi kanesa (ʻoi aku ka poʻe e hana ʻia ana i ka chemotherapy), nā poʻe maʻi AIDS, a me ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā steroids no ka manawa lōʻihi.

He aha nā hōʻailona? Pehea mākou e ʻike ai i kēia?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka ma waena o 3 a me 17 mau lā ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka fungus (ma kahi o 10 mau lā). ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi. E nānā kākou i ka papa ma lalo nei e hoʻomaopopo pono i kēia.

Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuni a me ke kuni a ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ʻoe i kahi wahi kahiko a lepo, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka.

E nānā ke kauka iā ʻoe, e hoʻolohe i kou mau māmā, a kauoha i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua inā manaʻo lākou i ka maʻi.

• X-ray o ka umauma: No ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i loko o nā māmā.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko a mimi paha: E nānā i nā antibodies a i ʻole antigens e pili ana i ka fungus.
• Nā hoʻāʻo sputum a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​laʻana o nā ʻiʻo: Ua nānā ʻia kahi laʻana sputum a i ʻole, inā pono, kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo i lawe ʻia mai nā māmā ma lalo o kahi microscope e hōʻoia i ke alo o ka fungus.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi.

• ʻO ka Histoplasmosis ʻĀkiʻoki ʻAʻole pono ka mālama kūikawā i kahi maʻi ʻākiʻoki i loko o ke kanaka olakino. E like me ke anu, e hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kekahi mau pule me ka nui o ka hoʻomaha a me nā wai .
• Nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, mau loa, a laha paha: Pono maoli kēia mau hihia i ka mālama ʻana. E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i nā lāʻau antifungal. Hiki i kēia lāʻau ke mau mai kekahi mau pule a i kekahi mau mahina. Inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā dosis haʻahaʻa no ke koena o kou ola. Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka i kauoha ai.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e pale aku iā mākou iho mai kēia maʻi?

I mea e pale aku ai i kēia maʻi, pono ʻoe e pale i ka hanu ʻana i nā spores fungal. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua.

• Inā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻōpala manu (nā hale kahiko, nā ana, nā hale moa), e ʻaʻahu i kahi pale maka maikaʻi. Inā hiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pale maka me ka mana kānana kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka N95 .
• No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lepo, e kāpīpī i kahi wai liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpala. Ke pulu, hoʻemi ia i ka nui o ka lepo i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa.
• Inā ʻoe i loko o kahi hui pilikia (me kahi ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali), e noho mamao aku mai kēia mau hana i ka hiki.
• Ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma kahi e like me kēia, e holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale kino,E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pilikia nui o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, mai kānalua e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.