Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa ua hewa kekahi mea me kou kino, me he mea lā ua hewa kāu mau hormones? Malia paha no kahi gland liʻiliʻi i loko o kou lolo. Ke lilo kēia gland i mea hana nui, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o kou kino, e like me ka ulu ʻana, ka metabolism, a me ka hānau hou ʻana. I kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi gland pituitary hana nui, a i ʻole hyperpituitarism.
He aha ka Pituitary Gland?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ka pituitary gland me kahi kikowaena mana nui e kāohi ana i ka hana o ko mākou kino. He gland nui ia e like me ka pī ma ke kumu o ko mākou lolo. ʻO ia ke poʻo o kā mākou ʻōnaehana endocrine. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai i kekahi manawa ʻo "master gland". Kāohi ia i ka hana o nā glands koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka thyroid gland, adrenal gland, a me nā gonadal glands.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka thermostat i loko o ko mākou hale. Nānā mau ia i ka mahana i loko o ka hale a hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i ka mea hoʻomehana a me ka mea hoʻoluʻu e mālama iā ia ma ka pae like, ʻeā? Hana pū ka pituitary gland ma ke ʻano like. Nānā mau ia i ka hana o ko mākou kino a hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i nā ʻōpū a me nā glands e pili ana i ka hana e hana ai, i ka manawa hea, a me ka nui. ʻO kēia mau hōʻailona ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he hormones .
Ua pili ka ʻōpū pituitary i kahi ʻāpana o ko kākou lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hypothalamus. Ke haʻi aku nei ka lolo i ka ʻōpū pituitary inā e hoʻopuka nui a emi mai paha i kahi hormone.
He aha nā hormones nui i hana ʻia e ka pituitary gland?
ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana nui o ka pituitary gland. Hoʻopuka kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i nā hormones like ʻole. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano a me nā mea e hana ʻia iā lākou.
| ʻĀpana o ka ʻōpū | Hormone | Hana nui |
|---|---|---|
| Lobe mua (Ma kahi o 80% o ka gland) | ʻO ka hormone Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) | Hoʻoulu ia i nā kelepa adrenal, ʻoi aku ka hana ʻana o ka hormone stress cortisol, ka mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ke koko a me ka pale ʻana. |
| Hormone ulu (GH) | Hoʻomalu ia i ka ulu ʻana o ke kino (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā keiki), ka metabolism, a me ke ʻano o ke kino (momona, ʻiʻo). | |
| ʻO ka Hormone Hoʻoulu Thyroid (TSH) | Hoʻoulu ia i ka ʻōpū thyroid a kōkua i ka hana ʻana i nā hormones thyroid, nā mea e kaohi ai i nā pae ikehu o ke kino. | |
| Nā Gonadotropins (LH a me FSH) | Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ovaries a me nā testicles e hana i nā hormones wahine e pono ai no ka hana hou ʻana. | |
| ʻO Prolactin | Hoʻoulu i ka hana ʻana o ka waiū umauma ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. | |
| Lobe Waena | ʻO ka hormone hoʻouluulu Melanocyte | Hoʻopilikia i ka pigmentation o ka ʻili. |
| Lobe Hope | ʻO ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH) | Hoʻoponopono i ke kaulike wai a me ka electrolyte o ke kino. |
| ʻOkitokina | Hoʻomalu ia i nā ʻūlū ʻōpū a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka waiū umauma i ka wā hānau. |
He aha nā maʻi e kū mai ana ke hana nui ka pituitary gland?
Ke lilo ka pituitary gland i mea hana nui loa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hana nui ia i kahi hormone, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia he puʻupuʻu ʻaʻole cancerous (benign) e ulu ana i loko o ka gland. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he pituitary adenoma .
Eia kekahi o nā maʻi nui e hiki ke hana ma muli o kēia:
- ʻO ka maʻi Cushing: Inā hoʻopuka nui ka pituitary gland i ka ACTH, hana nui nā kelepa adrenal i ka cortisol, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka metabolism o ke kino a me ka ʻōnaehana pale.
- ʻAcromegaly: He kūlana e kū mai ana i ka wā e kiʻekiʻe loa ai nā pae o ka hormone ulu (GH) o ke kino. Hoʻoulu kēia i nā iwi a me nā ʻiʻo e ulu ma ke ʻano ʻē.
- Hyperthyroidism: Inā hana nui ka TSH i kahi puʻupuʻu pituitary (he mea kākaʻikahi kēia), lilo ka ʻōpū thyroid i mea hana nui. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā mea e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka metabolism, ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai, a me ka hopohopo.
- Prolactinoma: He puʻupuʻu i loko o ke kelepa pituitary e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokuʻu nui ʻana o ka hormone prolactin. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i ke kaʻina hana hānau i nā wahine a me nā kāne.
No ka mea hiki ke koʻikoʻi kēia mau kūlana, he mea nui loa e ʻike koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona.
He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia mau kūlana?
He ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona e pili ana i kēlā me kēia maʻi. E nānā kākou i kēia mau mea. E nānā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona pū kekahi.
| Kūlana | Nā Hōʻailona Hiki |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka maʻi Cushing |
|
| ʻAcromegali |
*Ke hana ʻia kēia i nā keiki, ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'gigantism.' Hiki iā lākou ke ulu kiʻekiʻe loa. |
| Hyperthyroidism |
|
| ʻO ka Prolactinoma | No nā wāhine:
No nā kāne:
*No nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua: Hiki ke loaʻa nā poʻo ʻeha a me nā pilikia ʻike (ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu a me ke kaomi ʻana i ke aʻalolo optic). |
ʻO ka Hyperpituitarism i nā keiki
He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia ʻano i nā keiki. Ke hana ʻia, hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia e kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pituitary microadenoma. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i ʻike ʻia i nā keiki he prolactinoma.
- No nā kaikamāhine: Hiki ke lohi ka wā ʻōpiopio a me ka pau ʻana o ka menstruation (amenorrhea).
- No nā keikikāne: I ka ulu ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu a kaomi ʻana i nā aʻalolo, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻeha poʻo, nā pilikia ʻike, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka lohi o ka wā ʻōpiopio a i ʻole nā pilikia ulu.
He aha nā kumu no kēia?
Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka hyperpituitarism e kahi puʻupuʻu i loko o ka pituitary gland. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu o kēia mau puʻupuʻu.
- Nā puʻupuʻu maikaʻi ʻole: ʻO kēia ke kumu maʻamau. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kelepona i hana ʻia ai ka puʻupuʻu, hoʻomaka ia e hūnā i ka nui o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau hormones.
- Nā kūlana hoʻoilina: I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau puʻupuʻu e nā kūlana hoʻoilina e like me ka Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) .
- Carcinoma: He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kahi maʻi kanesa a maʻi paha o ka hypothalamus ke hana i kēia.
Pehea e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?
I kēia manawa, ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka me kēia mau hōʻailona, e lawe ʻo ia i kahi mōʻaukala kikoʻī a hoʻolohe i kāu mau hōʻailona. Ma hope o kēlā, e kauoha paha lākou i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona.
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka mimi: Ke ana kēia mau hoʻāʻo i nā pae o nā hormones i loko o kou koko a i ʻole ka mimi. No ka laʻana, nānā lākou i nā pae o ka prolactin, cortisol, a me ka hormone ulu.
- Nā Kiʻi Kiʻi: Inā hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua lab i kahi puʻupuʻu, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi scan e hōʻoia iā ia. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻike pololei i kahi o ka puʻupuʻu a me kona nui.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): ʻO kēia ke ʻano i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.
- CT (Computed Tomography) Scan: Inā he pacemaker kāu, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi CT scan no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia kahi MRI.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
Ma muli o kou kūlana, hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia kekahi a ʻoi aku paha mau ʻano lapaʻau.
Lāʻau lapaʻau
I kekahi mau hihia, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i nā pae hormone. No ka laʻana, i ke ʻano o ka prolactinoma, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i nā pae prolactin a hoʻemi i ka puʻupuʻu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi manawa e hoʻemi i nā puʻupuʻu nui ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana.
ʻoki kino
I nā kūlana e like me ka acromegaly a i ʻole Cushing's syndrome, wehe ʻia ka puʻupuʻu ma ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ke ʻoki maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo transsphenoidal adenomectomy . Ma kēia, hana ke kauka ʻoki i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ihu a i ʻole ka lehelehe luna, hiki i ka pituitary gland, a wehe i ka puʻupuʻu. ʻOiai he hana akahele loa kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka holomua ma mua o 80% ke hana ʻia e ke kauka ʻoki akamai.
Hoʻōla radiation
No ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke hana ʻoki kino, a inā paha e koe ana nā ʻāpana o ka puʻupuʻu ma hope o ke ʻoki kino, hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation therapy. Pili kēia i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kahi kukuna o ka radiation ikehu kiʻekiʻe ma ka puʻupuʻu a me ka luku ʻana i nā cell.
Pehea ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana?
No nā kānaka he nui, maikaʻi ka manaʻo no kēia maʻi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia, me ka mālama pono ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana, hiki i nā kānaka he nui ke kāohi i ko lākou mau hōʻailona a ola i ke ola olakino, hauʻoli, a me ka huahua. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole e noho ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka noho mau ʻana me kāu kauka a e hoʻomaopopo iā ia e pili ana i nā loli i kāu mau hōʻailona.
Leka Lawe-Home
- Ua like ke kelepa pituitary me ke "luna hoʻomalu" o ko mākou kino. ʻO nā hormones āna e hoʻokuʻu ai ke kāohi i nā hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ko mākou kino.
- Inā hana nui kēia kelepa, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi like ʻole e like me ka hyperpituitarism, Cushing's syndrome, a me ka acromegaly.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli koke a ʻano ʻē i nā mea e like me ke kaumaha o ke kino, ke ʻano o ka helehelena, ke ʻano o ka ʻili, a i ʻole ke kaʻina hana menstrual, e hoʻolohe pono iā ia.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hopohopo. E ʻike mua i ke kauka a e kiʻi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
- Me ka hōʻoia kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke kaohi maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau kūlana he nui a hiki i nā kānaka ke ola maʻamau.
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