Aia kekahi pilikia me ke poʻo o ke pēpē, ka ʻāʻī, a i ʻole ke kua? - E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana iā Iniencephaly

ʻAuē, i kekahi manawa ua kaumaha a pūʻiwa mākou i nā mea a mākou e lohe ai, ʻeā? ʻOi loa aku hoʻi i ka wā e pili ana i kahi pēpē hou e hiki mai ana i kēia ao. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi laha ʻole i ʻano koʻikoʻi iki, akā he mea nui loa ia no mākou e makaʻala. Kāhea mākou i kēia he Iniencephaly.

No laila, he aha ka Iniencephaly?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi hānau paʻakikī ʻo Iniencephaly. Hoʻopilikia nui ia i ke poʻo o ka pēpē, ka ʻāʻī, a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Hiki i nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me kēia maʻi ke loaʻa ka ʻāʻī pōkole loa, a ʻaʻohe ʻāʻī iki paha. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ke poʻo kua kūlou a me nā kīnā o ka iwi kuamoʻo. E noʻonoʻo i ka paʻakikī o kēia. I ka manawa pinepine, ma waho aʻe o kēia mau pilikia nui, aia paha nā ʻano ʻē i nā ʻōnaehana ʻē aʻe o ke kino o ka pēpē, e like me ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā.

ʻO ka hapa pinepine, make nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me kēia maʻi ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ma loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kahi pēpē me kahi maʻi ʻoi aku ka ʻino ke ola no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "Iniencephaly". ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia. Ua hōʻike mua nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia maʻi i ka makahiki 1836. Wahi a ka ʻikepili o kēia manawa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia hiki ke loaʻa kēia maʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi haneli mau pēpē mai kēlā me kēia haneli tausani i hānau ʻia. Eia naʻe, he ʻokoʻa iki kēia mau helu ʻana. ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi he mea maʻamau iki kēia maʻi i waena o nā pēpē wahine.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka iniencephaly?

E nānā kākou pehea e hiki mai ai kēia Iniencephaly. He kīnā hānau maoli kēia o ka ʻōnaehana nerve . Ua kapa nā kauka i kēia he "Neural Tube Defect". Ua ʻike anei ʻoe he mea nui loa nā pule mua ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana? I loko o kēia manawa e hoʻomaka ai ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka "neural tube", kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka lolo o ka pēpē, ke kaula spinal, a me ke kaula spinal (ke aʻalolo nui e holo ana ma ke kaula spinal). ʻO ka maʻamau, i ke kolu a i ʻole ka hā o ka pule o ka hāpai ʻana, ua pani piha ʻia kēia neural tube, a pono e ulu pono ka ʻōnaehana nerve. Eia nō naʻe, i ke ʻano o Iniencephaly, no kekahi kumu ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia kaʻina hana, a ʻaʻole ulu pono ka ʻōnaehana nerve.

He aha nā kumu o ka iniencephaly?

He mea paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo pololei i ke kumu . Manaʻo nā kauka he hui pū ʻana ia o nā kumu genetic (ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻoilina) a me ke kaiapuni. I kekahi mau hihia, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano chromosomal, e like me `(Monosomy X)`, `(Trisomy 13)` a me `(Trisomy 18)`, e pili ana me ia.

Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau mea pili i ke kaiapuni i ka wā hāpai ke hoʻonui i kēia pilikia. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Ka nele o ka waikawa Folic:He mea nui loa kēia. E kamaʻilio hou aku kākou e pili ana i kēia.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona: Ke inu ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka wā hāpai.
• Puhipaka: ʻO ia hoʻi nā mea e like me ka puhipaka ʻana i nā cigarette.
• Maʻi Diabetes Mellitus: Loaʻa i ka makuahine ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia.
• Momona: ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka makuahine ma mua o ka nui i ʻōlelo ʻia.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai i ka wā hāpai mua. ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me nā lāʻau sulfa, nā lāʻau antiseizure, nā diuretics, a me nā antihistamines.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā he kīnā neural tube ko kāu pēpē i ka hāpai ʻana ma mua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia i kou hāpai ʻana aʻe.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Iniencephaly?

I ka wā e hānau ʻia ai ke pēpē, hiki i nā kauka ke ʻike i ke kūlana o ka iniencephaly ma ka nānā ʻana i ke poʻo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo o ke pēpē. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ma o nā hōʻailona o waho . Inā ola ke pēpē no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka ultrasound, CT scan, a me MRI e loiloi maikaʻi i ke kūlana a hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa.

ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ke pēpē?

ʻAe, he nīnau koʻikoʻi loa kēia. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hiki ke ʻike i nā hemahema neural tube, e like me ka iniencephaly, ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā hāpai . Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka nānā maʻamau, a i ʻole inā manaʻo lākou ua pilikia kou hāpai ʻana.

• ʻO ka ultrasound prenatal: ʻO kēia ke scan a mākou i kamaʻāina ai. Hoʻohana ia i nā nalu kani e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohana ke kauka i kēia scan e nānā pono i ke poʻo o ka pēpē, ka ʻāʻī, a me ka iwi kuamoʻo e nānā i nā mea ʻē.
• Pale māka ʻehā: He hoʻāʻo koko kēia i hana ʻia ma ka makuahine. Ke nānā nei ia i kekahi mau hormones a me nā protein. ʻO kahi protein koʻikoʻi e nānā ʻia ʻo ia ka alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Hana ʻia kēia AFP e ka pēpē. A laila hele ia i loko o ke koko o ka makuahine. Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae o ka AFP i loko o ke koko o ka makuahine, hiki ke hōʻike he kīnā neural tube paha ka pēpē.
• ʻAmniocentesis:Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻohana ke kauka i kahi nila lahilahi e wehe i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai amniotic e hoʻopuni ana i ka pēpē. Ana ke keʻena hoʻokolohua i ka pae o AFP i loko o kēia wai amniotic, a hana pū i kahi hoʻāʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo "Karyotype testing" e nānā i nā ʻano chromosomal. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ʻelua ke hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo inā he pilikia neural tube a he aha ke kumu.
• MRI Fetal: He ʻano scan nō hoʻi kēia. Hoʻohana ia i nā nalu lekiō a me kahi kahua magnetic ikaika e hana i nā kiʻi maopopo loa a kikoʻī o nā iwi a me nā ʻiʻo o ka pēpē. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole e hōʻike ka scan MRI i ka pēpē i ka radiation.

He mea nui loa ka ʻike ʻana i kēia maʻi i ka wā hikiwawe loa . Ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā mua, hiki i nā kauka ke wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka pēpē i ka ʻohana a hāʻawi i nā mākua i ke kākoʻo noʻonoʻo e pono ai. Inā hoʻomau ka hāpai ʻana, hiki i kēia mau ʻano ʻē ke hoʻopilikia i ka makuahine i ka wā hānau.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka Iniencephaly?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no kēia maʻi, ʻo Iniencephaly. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pēpē me kēia maʻi e make ana i ka wā hāpai, i loko o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole i loko o kekahi mau hola o ka hānau ʻana. He kūlana kaumaha loa kēia. Hāʻawi nā kauka a me nā limahana olakino i ke kākoʻo e pono ai i ka ʻohana e hoʻomanawanui i kēia kaumaha a hoʻomanawanui iā ia.

He mea kākaʻikahi loa, ʻo ia hoʻi he kakaikahi loa nā pēpē e ola no ka wā lōʻihi, mālama nā kauka i kēlā me kēia pēpē ma ke ʻano pākahi, ma muli o nā hōʻailona e kū mai ana i kēlā manawa.

Hiki i ka waikawa folic ke pale i kēia?

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa e pono ai kākou a pau e makaʻala . ʻO ka mea nui loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i nā kīnā neural tube, me ka anencephaly, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka folic acid ma mua a i ka wā hāpai . He huaora B ka Folic acid. He mea nui ia no ka hana ʻana o nā cell hou i loko o ko kākou kino.

Ua ʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻana e hiki i ka lawe ʻana i 400 micrograms (mcg) o ka waikawa folic i kēlā me kēia lā ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā kīnā neural tube ma kahi o 70% . He mea nui loa ia no nā wahine āpau o ka makahiki hānau keiki e lawe i kēia nui i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻElua kumu no kēia:

• ʻAʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia nā hāpai ʻana he nui.
• ʻIke ʻia nā kīnā ʻōpū neural i nā pule mua o ka hāpai ʻana, i ka wā e ʻike ʻole ai ka poʻe he nui ua hāpai lākou.

No laila, inā ʻoe e hāpai ana i kahi pēpē, a i ʻole he makahiki hānau keiki, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka waikawa folic. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai, e noi i kāu kauka e ʻōlelo aku i kahi huaora prenatal i hana kūikawā ʻia me ka waikawa folic.

ʻO nā wahine i loaʻa mua kahi pēpē me kahi kīnā neural tube a ke hāpai nei i kahi pēpē ʻē aʻe e pono paha i ka waikawa folic hou aʻe. Manaʻo nā kikowaena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka Manaʻo a me ka Pale ʻana i nā maʻi (CDC) e lawe i 4,000 micrograms (4 milligrams) o ka waikawa folic i kēlā me kēia lā, e hoʻomaka ana i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana a hoʻomau i nā mahina ʻekolu mua o ka hāpai ʻana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi e lawe nui i ka waikawa folic . No laila, e ʻoluʻolu e nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu lawe ʻana i ka waikawa folic.

He aha hou aʻe e hiki ke hana ʻia e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia?

Ma waho aʻe o ka lawe ʻana i ka waikawa folic, aia kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka anencephaly:

• Ke pale ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia e hoʻoulu ai i nā kīnā neural tube. (E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.)
• Ke hoʻōki loa nei i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• Ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha o ke kino olakino nou.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, he mea nui e kaohi pono iā ia.
• Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki.

He aha ke kūlana no ka iniencephaly?

He maʻi hoʻoilina paʻakikī loa ka Iniencephaly. No laila, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka hopena o kēia maʻi . Hoʻopau ka hapa nui o nā hāpai ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka pēpē a i ʻole ka hānau make ʻana. ʻOiai inā hānau ola ʻia ke pēpē, nui ka manawa e make ai i loko o kekahi mau hola.

I ka makahiki 2019, ʻewalu wale nō pēpē ma ka honua i ola i ka wā lōʻihi me ke ʻano iniencephaly. ʻEhā o kēia mau mea i hana ʻia i ke ʻoki kino, a ua hōʻike ʻia ua holomua ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia.

Pehea e hoʻolālā ai i kahi hāpai olakino?

Inā ʻoe i ka makahiki hānau keiki, he mea nui e lawe i 400 micrograms o ka waikawa folic i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻāʻo nei e hāpai. No ka mea, ʻo ka hapalua o nā hāpai āpau he mea i hoʻolālā ʻole ʻia, hiki mai nā hemahema neural tube, me ka anencephaly, ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe he nui ua hāpai lākou, a hiki i ka waikawa folic ke pale i kēia mau mea.

Pono ka poʻe e hoʻolālā ana i ka hāpai ʻana e ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana . I loko o kēia hālāwai, e nānā kāu kauka i kāu mau mea pilikia a pau a hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hāpai olakino.

ʻO nā mea nui a mākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai kēia moʻolelo, ʻo ia

ʻAe, ke lana nei ko mākou manaʻo he manaʻo kou e pili ana i ka Iniencephaly a mākou i kamaʻilio ai. ʻOiai he maʻi kakaikahi a paʻakikī kēia, he mea nui loa ia no mākou e makaʻala i ia mea.

E hoʻomanaʻo, he mea nui loa ia no nā wāhine a pau e hāpai ana i nā keiki e loaʻa i ka waikawa folic kūpono ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana a i nā mahina ʻekolu mua o ka hāpai ʻana.

Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o nā kīnā neural tube e like me ka iniencephaly. He mea nui loa hoʻi ke alakaʻi i kahi nohona olakino, pale i ka waiʻona a me ka puhipaka, a kāohi i nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi diabetes. Inā he mau nīnau a kānalua paha kāu, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pono ai.

ʻIniencephaly , kīnā hānau, kīnā neural tube, waikawa folic, hāpai keiki, hānau ʻana