Ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea kokoke iā ʻoe me ka maʻi Tuberculosis (TB) a ua hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana no ia mea? Inā pēlā, ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau 'Isoniazid' (INH). ʻOiai paha he mea paʻakikī iki ka inoa, mai hopohopo. He lāʻau koʻikoʻi loa kēia a he mana hoʻi e hakakā ana i ka maʻi tuberculosis. No laila, no ka hoʻopau ʻana i kou mau kānalua a me kou mau makaʻu, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia lāʻau ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a maopopo i kēia lā.
He aha maoli kēia lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Isoniazid (INH)?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Isoniazid kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia e mālama a pale aku paha i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu (TB). He maʻi ka maʻi puʻupuʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria. Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria TB i loko o ke kino.
I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kumu ʻē aʻe e like me ke aʻo a ke kauka. Akā, e hoʻomanaʻo mau, pono e hoʻohana wale ʻia e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka.
Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike pono kāu kauka i kou kūlana olakino. E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana:
| Kou kūlana olakino | No ke aha ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kauka? |
|---|---|
| Maʻi diabetes | Hiki i ka Isoniazid ke hoʻololi i nā pae kō koko. |
| Ke kūlana HIV | Aia paha he pilina ma waena o ka mālama ʻana iā HIV a me Isoniazid. |
| Ka inu pinepine ʻana i ka waiʻona | He kiʻekiʻe loa ka pilikia o ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ke akepaʻa. |
| Maʻi puʻupaʻa | Pono paha e hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| Maʻi akepaʻa | He mea nui loa kēia no ka mea hiki i ka isoniazid ke hoʻopilikia i ke ake. |
| Ka ʻai ʻole ʻana | Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ke ʻano hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino. |
| Nā maʻi neurological e like me ka numbness i nā lālā | Loaʻa i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau kahi pilikia o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka neuropathy peripheral. |
| Ke hāpai nei, ke ho'āʻo nei e hāpai, a i ʻole ka hānai waiū | Pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena hiki ke loaʻa i ke pēpē. |
| Nā maʻi ʻaleka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, nā meaʻai, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe | No ka ʻike ʻana inā he maʻi ʻoe i ka Isoniazid a i ʻole kekahi o kāna mau mea hoʻohui. |
Pehea pololei kaʻu e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana āu e pono ai e makaʻala nui . I mea e loaʻa ai ka pono nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana pono.
- E lawe i ka ʻōpū ʻole: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Pono e lawe ʻia nā papa Isoniazid i ka ʻōpū ʻole. ʻO ia hoʻi, e lawe iā lākou ma ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole 2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana . Mai lawe i kēia lāʻau me ka meaʻai. E hōʻemi kēia i ka omo ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o ke kino.
- Me ke aniani wai: E lawe i ka pila me ke aniani wai piha.
- I ka manawa: E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Mai hōʻalo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Ua like kēia me ke kaua ʻana me ka ʻenemi. Inā e hoʻōki kākou i ke kaua no hoʻokahi lā, e ikaika hou ka ʻenemi. Pēlā nō, inā e hala kākou i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i nā germs TB ke ikaika hou a kūʻē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (Drug Resistance). No laila , mai hōʻalo i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi kumu.
- Mai ho'ōki ʻoiai inā maikaʻi:ʻOiai inā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu ma hope o kekahi mau lā, mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e ʻōlelo aku ai kāu kauka iā ʻoe. He mea nui e lawe i ka lāʻau no ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau (6 mahina a ʻoi aku paha).
He aha kāu e hana ai inā e hala ʻoe i kahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Inā ʻoe e poina i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e lawe koke iā ia i kou hoʻomanaʻo ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā kokoke ka manawa no kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe, e kāpae i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i poina a lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe i ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau pālua e hoʻopiha no kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i poina.
He aha inā lawe nui wau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua lawe nui ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia kokoke loa (ETU). A i ʻole, e kelepona i ke Kikowaena ʻIke ʻAi ʻona Lahui ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū me Isoniazid
He mea nui loa nō hoʻi kēia. He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Isoniazid i hiki ke launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai (nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, nā lāʻau hoʻomaha ʻeha, nā huaora, nā mea kanu kuʻuna, nā mea hoʻohui). E haʻi pū i kāu kauka inā puhipaka ʻoe a inu waiʻona paha.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau me Isoniazid hiki ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
- ʻAcetaminophen (e like me Panadol): Inā lawe pinepine ʻia, e hoʻonui paha ka hopena ma ke akepaʻa.
- Nā Antacids (e like me Digene, Aludrox): Hoʻemi kēia i ka omo ʻana o Isoniazid i loko o ke kino. No laila, e pale i ka lawe ʻana i nā antacids 2 mau hola ma mua a ma hope paha o ka lawe ʻana iā Isoniazid.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes: Hiki i ka Isoniazid ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hopu ʻana (e like me Carbamazepine, Phenytoin)
- ʻO Theophylline (he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hānō)
ʻAʻole i piha kēia papa inoa, no laila he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe nei.
He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e ʻike ai i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
- Nā hoʻāʻo lapaʻau: E nānā mau kāu kauka iā ʻoe. E kauoha ʻo ia i nā hoʻāʻo koko (Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana Ake - LFT) e nānā i ka hana o kou ake. Mai haʻalele i kēia mau hoʻāʻo a hana mau iā lākou.
- E pale i ka waiʻona: E pale i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana iā Isoniazid. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻelua hiki ke hōʻino nui i ke akepaʻa.
- Nā Wikamina: Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻemi i nā pae o ka wikamina B6 a me ka wikamina D i loko o ke kino. I mea e pale ai i nā hopena hiki ke loaʻa ma nā aʻalolo, e kuhikuhi pinepine kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi pila wikamina B6 (Pyridoxine) . Mai hōʻalo i kēlā. He mea nui hoʻi e ʻai i ka meaʻai momona.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e loaʻa paha iaʻu?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki iā Isoniazid ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao i kekahi poʻe. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ka ʻike i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao a me ke koʻikoʻi o lākou.
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻana o ke kauka | |
|---|---|
| Nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ke akepaʻa | Melemele o nā maka a i ʻole ka ʻili, ka mimi ʻeleʻele, ka luhi nui, ka ʻeha ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o luna o ka ʻōpū, ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka nalowale o ka makemake e ʻai. |
| Nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā aʻalolo | ʻO ka maneʻo, ke kuni, ka ʻeha, a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka ʻūlū ma nā lima a i ʻole nā wāwae. |
| Nā hopena alerika | ʻŌhūhū ʻili, maneʻo, pehu o ka maka, lehelehe a i ʻole ke alelo, paʻakikī ke hanu. |
| Nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe | Nā loli o ka ʻike, ʻeha maka, kuni, hopu ʻana, pilikia hoʻomanaʻo. |
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi pinepine, akā pono e hōʻike i ke kauka inā hoʻomau lākou: | |
| ʻO ka ʻeha iki o ka ʻōpū | Pehu, maʻi pākī. |
| ʻĒ aʻe | ʻEha poʻo, hiamoe ʻole, hoʻonui ʻia ka umauma a ʻeha paha. |
Pehea ʻoe e mālama pono ai i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau?
- E mālama i kahi hiki ʻole i nā keiki.
- E mālama i loko o kahi pahu paʻa i ka mahana o ka lumi (ma waena o 15-30 Celsius), kahi i ʻole e ʻike ʻia mai ka mālamalama a me ka makū.
- E hoʻolei aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i pau ka lā.
Leka Lawe-Home
- E lawe mau i ka Isoniazid (INH) ma ka ʻōpū ʻole (ma mua a i ʻole 2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana).
- E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa piha i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻalo ʻana i kekahi lāʻau . Mai hoʻōki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoiai inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei ua maikaʻi aʻe.
- E hōʻalo loa i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau hopena koʻikoʻi e like me ka melemele o nā maka/ʻili, ka mimi ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ka mae ʻana o nā lālā, e kelepona koke aku i kāu kauka.
- E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei (me nā huaora a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau).
- E hōʻoia e lawe i ka pila wikamina B6 i kauoha ʻia e kāu kauka.
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