He ʻōkana kupaianaha nā puʻupaʻa i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like ia me kahi ʻōnaehana kānana nui i loko o ko kākou kino. Akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i ko lākou waiwai, a hiki i ka wā e hewa ai kekahi mea. Manaʻo paha ʻoe i kekahi manawa ua pehu kou mau wāwae, luhi mau ʻoe, a ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e ʻai? Malia paha he mau hōʻailona kēia e hele mai ana mai kou mau puʻupaʻa . No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa ma ke ʻano maʻalahi.
He aha maoli ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi puʻupaʻa ka wā hiki ʻole i kou mau puʻupaʻa ke hana i kā lākou hana nui, ʻo ia ke kānana i ke koko. Aia kēia mau puʻupaʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o kou kua, ma luna pono o kou pūhaka.
Ke hōʻino ʻia nā puʻupaʻa , ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoneʻe i nā huahana ʻōpala a me ke kahe keu mai ke kino. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā hōʻailona e like me ka pehu ʻana i nā wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae , ka nausea , ka luhi , ka hiamoe ʻole , a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana . Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia kēia ʻano, hiki i ka hōʻino ke hoʻomau i ka ʻino a hiki i ka hāʻule piha ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. He ʻano koʻikoʻi loa kēia, a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
He aha ka lawelawe a kahi puʻupaʻa olakino e hāʻawi ai?
E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā mea a nā puʻupaʻa olakino e hana ai no ko kākou kino.
- Mālama ia i ke kaulike o ka wai a me nā minela e like me ka sodium, potassium, a me ka phosphorus i loko o ke koko.
- Hoʻokānana a hoʻohemo ia i nā ʻōpala e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o ke koko ma hope o ko mākou ʻeli ʻana i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, ma hope o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻiʻo, a ma hope o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a mākou e lawe ai.
- Hoʻopuka ia i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo renin, kahi e kōkua ai i ka kaohi ʻana i ke koko.
- Hoʻopuka ia i kahi kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo erythropoietin, kahi e hōʻailona ai i ke kino e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Hoʻopuka ia i ke ʻano hana o ka huaora D, he mea nui ia no ke olakino o ka iwi.
- E noʻonoʻo, i kēlā me kēia 30 mau minuke, ua kānana ʻia ke koko a pau o ko kākou kino holoʻokoʻa e kēia mau puʻupaʻa.
He aha nā ʻano nui o nā maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi puʻupaʻa. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau.
| Inoa Maʻi | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi… |
|---|---|
| Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa (CKD) | ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka nalowale mālie o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe nā kumu nui. |
| Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Polycystic | He maʻi hoʻoilina kēia e hoʻoulu ai i nā cysts piha i ka wai i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, e keakea ana i kā lākou hana. |
| Lupus Nephritis | I loko o ka maʻi autoimmune i kapa ʻia ʻo lupus, hoʻouka ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino ponoʻī i nā puʻupaʻa. |
| ʻO ka Glomerulonephritis | Ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kānana liʻiliʻi (glomeruli) i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. Hiki nō hoʻi kēia ke hana ma hope o kekahi mau maʻi ʻāʻī (nā maʻi strep). |
| ʻO ka pyelonephritis | He maʻi ʻaʻai mimi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā puʻupaʻa. Inā hana pinepine ʻia kēia, hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa. |
He aha nā kumu o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumu o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui.
Nā kumu o ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa (Acute Kidney Injury)
I kekahi manawa, ua pau koke ka hana ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e:
- Ua nui kahi ulia pōpilikia a ua nui ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
- Ka maloʻo nui o ke kino.
- Ua komo ke kino i ka haʻalulu ma muli o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi (sepsis).
- Ke ālai ʻia nei ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi ma muli o nā pōhaku mimi a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka prostate gland i nā kāne.
- Ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā mea ʻawahia.
- Nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai.
Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa (CKD)
ʻO kēia ka pilikia i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui. Inā maikaʻi ʻole ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa no nā mahina ʻekolu a ʻoi, kapa mākou iā ia he CKD. ʻO ka mea weliweli loa ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona i nā pae mua.
ʻO nā kumu nui ʻelua o CKD ma Sri Lanka he maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
Hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Pēlā nō, hiki i ke koko kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu e hoʻolako koko i nā puʻupaʻa.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i nā ʻehaʻeha (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā NSAID e like me Ibuprofen lāua ʻo Diclofenac) me ke kumu ʻole hiki ke hōʻeha mau loa i nā puʻupaʻa.
Pehea e ʻike ai inā he maʻi puʻupaʻa koʻu? - Nā hōʻailona
ʻO ka pilikia nui ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole hōʻike pinepine ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i kekahi mau hōʻailona a hiki i ka wā e holomua loa ai. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mea a hiki i ka 50% o ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa. Akā i ka holomua ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me kēia:
- Ke koko kiʻekiʻe
- Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
- Makemake nui
- Ke manaʻo nei i kahi ʻono metala i loko o ka waha
- Luhi mau a me ka nāwaliwali
- Paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana
- Nā pilikia hiamoe
- ʻŌwiliwili ʻiʻo a me ka ʻeha
- Ka pehu ʻana o nā wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae
- ʻO ka ʻili mau loa
- ʻEha umauma (inā hōʻiliʻili ka wai a puni ka puʻuwai)
- Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (inā hōʻiliʻili ka wai i loko o nā māmā)
Pehea e ʻike pono ai ke kauka i ka maʻi?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei, a laila e hana ʻo ia i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke kauoha i kēia mau hoʻokolohua.
| Hoʻāʻo | He aha kāu e nānā nei? |
|---|---|
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko | Ua helu ʻia ka hana puʻupaʻa (eGFR) ma ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o nā huahana ʻōpala (e like me ka creatinine) i loko o ke koko. |
| Nā hoʻāʻo mimi | Nānā ʻia ka mimi no ka protein (ʻoi aku ka albumin). ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu nā puʻupaʻa olakino i ka protein. |
| ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana o ka ultrasound | E nānā i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā puʻupaʻa a inā he mau mea e ālai ana e like me nā pōhaku mimi. |
| Biopsy o ka puʻupaʻa | Lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupaʻa a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu kikoʻī o ka maʻi. |
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
ʻO ka mea nui a kākou e pono ai e hoʻomaopopo ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD). Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka holomua o ka maʻi a me ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona.
1. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā ACE inhibitors a i ʻole ARBs e kāohi i kou koko. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa kēia i kou koko a pale i kou mau puʻupaʻa ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka protein āu e nalowale ai i loko o kou mimi. Eia kekahi, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, pono ʻoe e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha.
Nā Lāʻau Lapaʻau e Pale aku ai: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, mai lawe i nā lāʻau ʻeha (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā NSAID - Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac) me ke kūkākūkā ʻole me ke kauka. Mai kūʻai i kēia mau mea mai kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, ʻoiai nā huaora.
2. ʻAi
He mea nui loa kēia. Ke hōʻino ʻia nā puʻupaʻa, he paʻakikī ke wehe i nā mea e like me ka sodium (paʻakai), potassium (i loaʻa i loko o ka maiʻa, nā ʻalani, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a me ka phosphate (i loaʻa i loko o ka waiū, ka tīhi, a me nā nati) mai ke koko. No laila, ke aʻo aku nei ke kauka iā ʻoe e hele i kahi papaʻai kūikawā i haʻahaʻa i loko o kēia mau mea. He mea nui loa ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kōkua o kahi meaʻai meaʻai no kēia.
3. Dialysis
Ke nāwaliwali loa nā puʻupaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hāʻule lākou, ʻo ka hana a nā puʻupaʻa e hana ai, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko, pono e hana ʻia me ke kōkua o kahi mīkini. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he dialysis. ʻElua mau ʻano nui no kēia:
- Hemodialysis: Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke koko ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi mīkini ma ka haukapila a i ʻole ma ka home.
- ʻO Peritoneal Dialysis: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā ma o kahi ʻōmole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū e wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ke koko.
4. Hoʻololi ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa he hoʻoili puʻupaʻa. Hoʻoili ʻia kahi puʻupaʻa mai kahi kanaka olakino (e ola ana a make paha) ma ke ʻoki kino. Ma hope o ka hoʻoili holomua ʻana, ʻaʻole pono hou ka dialysis. Eia nō naʻe, pono ka mea maʻi e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koena o ko lākou ola e pale aku ai i ke kino mai ka hōʻole ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa hou.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD) kahi maʻi e holomua mālie ana, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona .
- ʻO ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe nā kumu nui o ka pilikia. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau maʻi, e mālama pono i kou mau puʻupaʻa.
- Inā he pilikia, he mea nui loa e ʻike pinepine i ke kauka a e hoʻāʻo ʻia kou mimi a me ke koko.
- Mai hoʻohana i nā lāʻau ʻeha (NSAID) no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka, no kekahi kumu.
- Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe he maʻi puʻupaʻa, ʻaʻole ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻōla iā ia, akā , e kāohi i ka maʻi mai ka ʻino ʻana. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
Maʻi Pūpū, CKD, Maʻi Diabetes, Koko Kiʻekiʻe, Dialysis, Hoʻoili Pūpū
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