Ke luhi pinepine nei ʻoe a me ka palaualelo? Ke paʻakikī nei ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana i kou hele wikiwiki ʻana a i ʻole ke piʻi ʻana i nā alapiʻi? Manaʻo paha ʻoe ua ʻoi aku ka mae o kou ʻili ma mua o ka maʻamau. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o ka nele o ke koko i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he anemia. Akā i kekahi manawa ʻo ke kumu o kēia anemia he maʻi paʻakikī a kakaʻikahi ma mua o ko mākou manaʻo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kekahi maʻi kakaʻikahi, akā he mea nui loa e pili ana i ke koko. ʻO ia ka Pure Red Cell Aplasia, a mākou e kapa nei ʻo PRCA no ka pōkole.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia PRCA?
E noʻonoʻo i ka iwi iwi i loko o ko kākou kino e like me kahi hale hana koko. Hana kēia hale hana i nā ʻano ʻekolu o nā cell e pono ai ko kākou kino: nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, nā cell koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets. ʻO ka hana nui o nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen e komo mai ana i loko o ko kākou mau māmā i ka wā e hanu ai kākou i nā cell ʻē aʻe a pau o ko kākou kino. Ua like ia me kahi lawelawe kalaka e hāʻawi ana i ka oxygen.
I kēia manawa, ma ke ʻano o PRCA, ʻo ka hale hana koko, ʻo ia hoʻi ka iwi iwi, e hōʻemi nui a hoʻōki loa paha i ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula wale nō . Hana maʻamau ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano hunaola ʻē aʻe (nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets). No laila, i ka wā e emi ai ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen i ke kino, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā ʻōpū o ko mākou kino ka oxygen e pono ai. ʻO ka anemia koʻikoʻi e loaʻa mai ana mai kēia ka pilikia nui o PRCA.
He aha nā hōʻailona e hiki i kekahi me PRCA ke ʻike?
Hoʻokumu ka PRCA i nā hōʻailona like me ka anemia koʻikoʻi, akā ʻoi aku paha ko lākou koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka anemia maʻamau. He mea nui iā ʻoe e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Luhi | Ke manaʻo nei he ola ʻole a luhi mau, me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o kāu hiamoe ʻana. |
| Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea) | Pau ka hanu ʻana ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kahi hana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka hele wāwae ʻana ma kahi pōkole. |
| Pōʻino | Ke poniuniu nei, ʻoiai ke ala aʻe mai kahi noho. |
| ʻIli keʻokeʻo | Lilo keʻokeʻo ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a ma lalo o nā kui ma mua o ka maʻamau. |
| ʻEha poʻo pinepine | ʻO ke poʻo ʻeha pinepine ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka oxygen e pono ai ka lolo. |
| Ke lohe nei i ke kani ʻana o nā pepeiao (Pulsatile tinnitus) | Lohe ʻia ke kani ʻūlū i loko o nā pepeiao e like me ke kuʻina o ka puʻuwai. |
| ʻEha umauma (Angina) | ʻEha ka umauma ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo o ka puʻuwai. |
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hopohopo a manaʻo he PRCA ia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea i ka anemia maʻamau. Akā inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻike ʻana i ke kauka a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
No ke aha i kū mai ai kēia kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo PRCA?
ʻAʻole he maʻi hoʻokahi ka PRCA. Nui nā kumu hiki ke loaʻa. I kekahi manawa hiki ke lilo i hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe.
1. Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale (Nā maʻi Autoimmune)
ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka PRCA. I ka pōkole, hoʻomaka hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pale, e hoʻouka i nā hunaola kumu i loko o ko mākou iwi ponoʻī e hana ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ia mau kūlana:
- Ka maʻi Lupus (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī rheumatoid
- Maʻi ʻōpū mumū
2. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
Hiki i kekahi ʻano maʻi kanesa ke hana i ka PRCA.
- Nā maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ke koko: ʻO ka Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) a me ka Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia (LGL) nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai koko ʻelua e pili nui ana me kēia.
- ʻO nā puʻupuʻu: ʻO Thymoma, kahi maʻi ʻaʻai o ka thymus gland, ʻo ia ka puʻupuʻu maʻi nui e pili ana me PRCA.
3. Nā maʻi viral a me bacteria
Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi lele ke hana i ka PRCA, no ka manawa pōkole a mau loa paha.
- Nā maʻi: ʻO Parvovirus B19 ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia o kēia. Hoʻouka pololei kēia maʻi i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka iwi iwi e kokoke ana e lilo i mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Hiki i ka maʻi HIV, ka maʻi Epstein-Barr, a me nā maʻi hepatitis ke kumu.
- Bacteria: ʻO nā kūlana e like me Group C Streptococcus, Tuberculosis, a me Bacterial Sepsis hiki ke hana i kēia.
4. Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau
Hiki i ka PRCA ke hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā Erythrocyte-Stimulating Agents (ESA), ʻo ia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, hiki i kekahi manawa ke hana i kēia maʻi.
5. Hāpai keiki
He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kekahi mau wahine ke loaʻa i ka PRCA i ka wā hāpai. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hoʻopau pinepine ke ʻano ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē.
6. Nā kūlana genetic i loaʻa i ka wā hānau
He maʻi anemia hānau laha ʻole ka Diamond-Blackfan Anemia. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi. Hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke loaʻa iā lākou ka PRCA.
Pehea e ʻike pololei ai nā kauka i kēia maʻi?
Ke hele ʻoe i ke kauka me nā hōʻailona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e nānā ʻo ia iā ʻoe a, inā kānalua ʻo ia i kēia maʻi, e kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kekahi mau hoʻokolohua.
| Hoʻāʻo | He aha kāu e ʻike nei ma ʻaneʻi? |
|---|---|
| Helu Koko Piha (CBC) | Hoʻāʻo ʻia ke koko e ʻike inā haʻahaʻa loa ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, a inā he maʻamau ka helu o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet. |
| Helu o nā Reticulocyte | Pili kēia i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou i hana ʻia, ʻōpiopio. Ma PRCA, haʻahaʻa loa kēia helu. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻohe hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou e hana ʻia nei. |
| ʻO ka Smear Koko Peripheral | Lawe ʻia kahi kulu koko a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. |
| Ka Hoʻopaʻa ʻana/Biopsy o ka Iwi Moa | ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo nui e hōʻoia i ka maʻi . Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka iwi iwi mai kahi e like me ka ʻūhā ma hope o ka anesthesia. I ke ʻano o PRCA, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā hunaola kumu e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko. |
| Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe | No ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e like me nā hoʻokolohua maʻi Parvovirus B19 a me nā scan CT (e nānā i nā ʻōpū e like me ka thymoma). |
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka PRCA?
ʻO ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana no ka PRCA e pili ana i ke kumu o ka maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia nā kānaka a pau i ka lāʻau like. E nānā pono ke kauka i kou kūlana a koho i ka lāʻau kūpono loa.
- Nā Immunosuppressants: Inā he pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale ke kumu o ka maʻi, hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kaohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale hana nui. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Corticosteroids e like me Prednisone lāua ʻo Cyclosporine no kēia.
- Hoʻoili Koko: Inā koʻikoʻi loa ka anemia, hāʻawi ʻia ke koko i waho e hoʻihoʻi koke i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā hoʻoili koko mau ke hoʻonui i nā pae hao o ke kino me ke kumu ʻole. I kēlā hihia, pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa (chelation therapy) e wehe i ka hao keu.
- ʻOki kino: Inā he thymoma ke kumu o ka maʻi, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka wehe ʻana i ke gland (Thymectomy).
- Lapaʻau Immunoglobulin: Inā hoʻokumu ʻia ka PRCA e kahi maʻi parvovirus B19, hakakā kēia lāʻau i ka maʻi a hoʻōki iā ia mai ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Hoʻoili Kelepona Kumu:No nā poʻe me nā maʻi hānau hou e like me Diamond-Blackfan Anemia, ʻo ka mālama ʻana e pili ana i ke kāpili ʻana i nā cell kumu olakino e pani i ka iwi maʻi.
Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻAe, e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, aia paha nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Akā, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo no lākou. E hōʻike aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia mau mea āpau ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E hāʻawi pū ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pono ai e hoʻokele i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki i nā lāʻau immunosuppressant ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka maʻi, hoʻonui i kou koko, a hoʻonui i kou kaumaha. Hiki i nā hoʻoili koko ke hoʻoulu i ke kuni a me nā maʻi allergies. No laila, he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala pono i nā loli i kou kino i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.
He aha kāu e pono ai e ʻike i ka wā e noho pū ana me PRCA?
Hiki i ka PRCA ke lilo i maʻi mau loa i kekahi manawa. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoiai ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana, hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻi hou mai i kekahi manawa. No laila, he mea nui e noho ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka.
- Ka Lapaʻau Mālama: Pono paha kekahi poʻe e hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau immunosuppressant ma kahi haʻahaʻa e pale ai i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ka maʻi.
- Ka Hoʻomau ʻana i ka Hana: He mea nui e ʻike i kāu kauka i nā manawa maʻamau a e hoʻāʻo ʻia kou koko. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike mua inā e hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi a i ʻole e hoʻomohala i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.
- Ka nohona olakino:
- ʻAi momona: He mea nui e ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike, me nā meaʻai waiwai i ka hao (spinach, ʻiʻo, pi, lentil). E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka ʻai kūpono iā ʻoe.
- E inu i ka wai lawa: E pale i ke kino mai ka maloʻo ʻana.
- E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi: E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima. E makaʻala i nā wahi piha kanaka. E kiʻi i nā lāʻau pale e pono ai.
- Hoʻoikaika Kino: E hoʻoikaika kino ma kahi pae e hiki ai i kou kino ke ʻae. Eia kekahi, e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.
Ke lohe ʻoe e pili ana i ka PRCA, makaʻu paha ʻoe. He mea maʻamau kēlā. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, he maʻi ia e hiki ke mālama ʻia. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻimi koke i ke aʻo lapaʻau a hahai pololei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā hōʻailona.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi koko laha ʻole ka PRCA e kāohi ana i ka iwi iwi mai ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- ʻO kona mau hōʻailona nui ka luhi mau, ka maeʻele, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.
- Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale, ke kanesa, nā maʻi, a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo nui e hōʻoia i ka maʻi he biopsy iwi.
- ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau ma muli o ke kumu o ka maʻi, a hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kaohi i nā hōʻailona.
- Ma muli o ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia kēia i kekahi manawa, he mea nui loa ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa lōʻihi a me nā hoʻokolohua mau.
- Inā hoʻomau ʻoe i nā hōʻailona like me ka anemia, mai hopohopo a e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
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