Aloha kākou a pau i nā waihoʻoluʻu nani, ʻeā? He manaʻo kupaianaha ia ke hoʻohui ʻia kahi waihoʻoluʻu nani i nā paia o ko kākou home, nā lole a kākou e ʻaʻahu ai, a me nā mea a kākou e hoʻohana ai. Akā e noʻonoʻo, pehea inā ʻo ke waihoʻoluʻu nani āu e makemake ai e hoʻohana e lilo maoli i mea make? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio wau me ʻoukou e pili ana i kahi moʻolelo weliweli a ʻoiaʻiʻo. He moʻolelo kēia e pili ana i kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā i hoʻopio i ka ʻEnelani holoʻokoʻa, akā i ka manawa like ua pepehi malū i nā kānaka.
ʻO kēlā kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo make i nā wahi a pau
Hoʻomaka kēia moʻolelo ma ʻEnelani i ke kenekulia 19. I kēlā manawa, me ka Industrial Revolution, nā hale hana ma nā wahi a pau, a me ka lani piha i ka uahi, makemake nui ka poʻe i ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kūlohelohe. I kēia manawa, ua komo mai kahi kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo nani loa. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'Scheele's Green'. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kala ma hope o ke kemika Suedena nāna i ʻike iā ia i ka makahiki 1778. Ua lilo kēia kala i mea kaulana loa a ua hoʻohana ʻia ma nā mea āpau mai nā paia o ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Buckingham a hiki i nā uhi puke, nā lole, nā mea pāʻani, nā mea hoʻonaninani keke, a me nā mea ʻono. ʻO ia ke kala "it" i kēlā manawa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kala kaulana loa.
Akā ma hope o kēia nani, aia kahi mea huna make. Ua hana ʻia kēia pigment ma ke kāwili ʻana i ke keleawe a me ka oxygen me ka mea ʻawahia loa ʻo arsenic .
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua hoʻopili ka poʻe i kēlā manawa i kēia mea make i ko lākou mau home a me ko lākou kino me ka ʻike ʻole.
He aha maoli ka arsenic?
ʻO ka Arsenic kahi mea i hiki ke loaʻa maoli i loko o ko kākou honua a me ka wai honua. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻohana pū nā kauka i ka arsenic ma nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e mālama i nā maʻi e like me ke kuni, ka hānō,
a me ka eczema . ʻO ka mea kupanaha, a hiki i kēia lā, ua hoʻohana pono ʻia kahi hui i kapa ʻia ʻo arsenic trioxide ma ke ʻano he lāʻau chemotherapy e mālama ai i kahi ʻano leukemia koʻikoʻi loa, ʻo Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Akā i ka manawa like, ua ʻike ka poʻe no nā kenekulia he mea make weliweli ka arsenic. I ka mōʻaukala, ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ia ʻo "ke aliʻi o nā mea make" no ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻia e pepehi malū i nā ʻenemi o nā aliʻi. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe ona ʻala a ʻono paha, hiki ke hoʻohui maʻalahi ʻia i loko o ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu. Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo nā hōʻailona mua o ka lāʻau make arsenic, e like me
ka nausea ,
ka luaʻi ʻana , a me
ka ʻōpū ʻeha , ua like ia me nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi e like me ke cholera, i maʻamau i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe mea i manaʻo he pepehi kanaka ia.
Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ulia
I ka makahiki 1839, ua ʻōlelo aʻo kekahi kemika Kelemania e pili ana i kēia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia inā e kau ʻia ʻo Scheele's Green i loko o nā lumi pulu, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuka i kahi kinoea make. Ma hope koke iho o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o kēlā hōʻike, ua make nā keiki ʻehā ma Ladana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu. Ua kau hou ʻia ko lākou mau lumi me kēia pepa paia ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻana o ka pepa paia ma hope, ua ʻike ʻia he nui ka arsenic make i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi kuea. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi mau make a me nā maʻi e kēia kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ua ʻike kekahi kauka i ka arsenic i loko o kēia mau paia i kāna noiʻi ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e puka mai ana ʻo ia mai loko mai o kona lumi pā ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kēlā me kēia pō me ka ʻeha ʻōpū, ka poniuniu, a me ka makemake e luaʻi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "He nui ka poʻe ma Pelekane e hoʻomake mālie ʻia nei."
He aha ka mea e hana ai ke komo ka arsenic i loko o ke kino?
ʻO ka pōʻino a ka arsenic e hana ai i ke kino e pili nui ana i ka nui (ka nui) i ʻai ʻia. E nānā kākou i nā hopena.
| ʻAno o ka lāʻau make | Nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena |
|---|
| Ka ʻawaʻawa nui ( ʻai ʻana i ka nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi) | - ʻO ka mea mua, loaʻa nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe (nausea, luaʻi, ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū , diarrhea ).
- Hāʻule koke ke koko .
- Loaʻa nā ʻano hewa o ka manawa o ka puʻuwai (arrhythmias).
- ʻO ka nalowale nui ʻana o ka wai mai ke kino e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka haʻalulu, ka hiolo ʻana o ka naʻau , a me ka make i loko o kekahi mau hola.
- Inā hoʻopakele ʻia ke ola, e hāʻule nui ka nui o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula i loko o kekahi mau lā. A laila hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka neuropathy peripheral i nā lima a me nā wāwae, e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū, ka mae ʻana, a me ka make hope loa.
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| Ka lāʻau make mau loa (ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau no ka manawa lōʻihi) | - Hoʻonui ia i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili, ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, a me ke kanesa ʻōpū. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepaʻa a me nā puʻupaʻa.
- Hoʻoulu ia i nā hopena ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa. Ua pili ia i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes, a me nā maʻi vascular o ka lolo.
- Hōʻike nā hōʻike hou e hiki ke hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino hānau hou a hōʻino i ka ulu ʻana o ka neurocognitive o nā keiki.
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I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole maopopo maoli i ka poʻe nā hopena lōʻihi o ka arsenic. Akā ua ʻike lākou i kekahi o ia mea. Ua hōʻike pū lākou iā ia ma nā puke lapaʻau a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma nā nūpepa, e like me ka hyper-pigmentation a me ka emaciation mai ka hanu ʻana i ka arsenic a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana.
Ka hopena o ke kala a me ke aʻo no mākou
ʻOiai kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻo, he ʻoihana nui ka pepa paia ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ia manawa. ʻOiai ʻo William Morris, he mea hoʻolālā pepa paia kaulana, ua hoʻohana i ka pigment. ʻAʻole wale ia, he mea kuleana pū ʻo ia i ka hui arsenic nui loa o ia manawa. Ua hoʻohenehene ʻo ia i ka makaʻu arsenic ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "Ua like ia me ka makaʻu i nā kilokilo." Eia naʻe, i ka makahiki 1879, ua maʻi kekahi malihini aliʻi ma Buckingham Palace ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana i loko o kahi lumi me ka pepa paia ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma hope o kēia hanana, ua kauoha ʻo Queen Victoria
e wehe ʻia nā pepa paia ʻōmaʻomaʻo a pau i loko o ka hale aliʻi . Ma hope o kēia hanana, ua laha mālie ka ʻike o ka lehulehu ma o nā hōʻike nūpepa. Ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ke aupuni ke hana i ke kānāwai, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe e hōʻole i nā huahana i loaʻa ka arsenic. Ua koi kēia i nā mea hana e hoʻomohala i nā pigments palekana.
ʻO ka mea nui a mākou e hoʻomaopopo ai mai kēia moʻolelo, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke hoʻopunipuni ʻia e ka nani o waho o kekahi mea. Hōʻike pū ia i ka ikaika o ka ʻike o ka lehulehu i ka wā e pili ana i ke olakino lehulehu.
ʻOiai i kēia lā, he paʻakikī ke hana hou i ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kūlohelohe. ʻOiai kekahi o nā pigments ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia lā, ʻaʻole ia he mea aloha i ke kaiapuni. He mea weliweli nō naʻe nā hoʻāʻo kanaka e hoʻohālike i ke kūlohelohe.
Leka Lawe-Home
- I kekahi manawa aia nā pōʻino huna ma hope o nā mea nani, no laila e makaʻala, ʻoiai me nā huahana i loaʻa nā kemika.
- He mea make ka ʻarsenic hiki ke make inā e ʻai ʻia i nā nui he nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi, a hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi kanesa a me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe inā e ʻai mālie ʻia.
- Inā kānalua ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu i ʻike ai i kekahi ʻano lāʻau make, e ʻike koke aku i ke kauka a i ʻole e kāhea aku i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lāʻau Make ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo.E kelepona i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Mea ʻawahia o ka Lahui.
- Hiki i ka ʻike o ka lehulehu e pili ana i ke olakino ke mana like me, a ʻoi aku paha ka mana ma mua o, nā kānāwai a me nā lula o ke aupuni.
ʻArsenic, lāʻau make arsenic, Scheele's Green, lāʻau make, nā mea ʻawahia, nā maʻi mōʻaukala, mōʻaukala olakino
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