Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo ' Stem Cells ' i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā ʻatikala nūhou, a i ʻole ma ka pūnaewele. Ke ʻōlelo nei kekahi hiki iā lākou ke ho'ōla i kekahi maʻi, aʻo kekahi e ʻōlelo nei he mea weliweli paha lākou. No laila, he aha nā stem cell? Ke hoʻololi maoli nei lākou i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau? E wehewehe maʻalahi kākou.
I nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha nā cell stem?
E noʻonoʻo i kahi puʻu lepo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoheheʻe iā ia i loko o kahi pēpē, ipuhao, a i ʻole he kiʻi kālai ʻia. Hana like nā cell kumu; ʻo lākou nā cell 'kumu' a i ʻole 'haku' o ke kino. Loaʻa i kēia mau cell ʻelua mau hiki kupaianaha:
1. Hoʻoulu hou ʻana iā ia iho: Hiki i kahi cell kumu ke māhele a hana i nā mea hou aku o kona ʻano ponoʻī.
2. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana: ʻO kēia ko lākou hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha loa. Hiki i nā pūnaewele kumu ke hoʻololi i nā pūnaewele kūikawā e pono ai ke kino. No ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mau pūnaewele koko , nā pūnaewele lolo ( neurons ), nā pūnaewele ʻiʻo puʻuwai, nā pūnaewele ʻili , a i ʻole nā pūnaewele iwi .
ʻAʻohe pūnaewele ʻē aʻe i loko o kou kino i loaʻa kēia ʻano hana maʻalahi, ʻo ia ke kumu e hauʻoli nui ai nā kauka a me nā ʻepekema i ko lākou hiki.
No ke aha he mea nui nā pūnaewele kumu?
Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema he mau hunaola kumu ke kī i kahi hoʻololi i ka mālama ola kino e hiki mai ana. He mea nui lākou no ʻekolu mau kumu nui:
| Koʻikoʻi | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ke kelepona | E noʻonoʻo i ka puʻuwai i hōʻino ʻia o kekahi. Inā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i nā pūnaewele kumu e ulu i nā pūnaewele ʻiʻo puʻuwai olakino a hoʻoili iā lākou i loko o ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia, he mea hoʻololi kēlā. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Regenerative Medicine - ʻo ia ka ʻepekema o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻōpū i hōʻino ʻia. |
| Ke Hoʻomaopopo nei i ka Holomua o ka Maʻi | Ma ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka lilo ʻana o kahi cell kumu i cell kanesa a i ʻole cell maʻi i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, hiki i nā kānaka noiʻi ke hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi. He mea nui kēia ʻike no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou. |
| Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou | Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou ma luna o kānaka, pono mākou e hōʻoia i ko lākou palekana a me ka pono. Hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hana i nā pūnaewele maʻi (e like me nā pūnaewele ate) i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pūnaewele kumu e hoʻāʻo ai pehea e pane ai kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kiʻi maopopo ma mua o nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau. |
He aha nā ʻano nui o nā cell kumu?
Ma keʻano laulā, hoʻokaʻawale mākou i nā pūnaewele kumu i ʻelua mau ʻano nui:
1. Nā Kelepona Kumu Embryonic
ʻO kēia nā pūnaewele 'super' i loaʻa ka hiki ke loaʻa. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ua loaʻa lākou mai nā embryos, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea i koe mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau hānau (e like meIVF ) a hoʻohana ʻia no ka noiʻi me ka ʻae piha a nā mākua.
Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he mau pūnaewele 'pluripotent', ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i aneane kekahi ʻano pūnaewele i loko o ke kino. Ma muli o kēia, he mea hoʻohiki nui lākou no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻiʻo, ʻoiai ʻo ko lākou hoʻohana ʻana he kumuhana ia o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa pono ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
2. Nā Kelepona Kumu Pākeke
ʻOiai ka inoa, loaʻa kēia mau pūnaewele i nā kānaka a pau—nā pēpē, nā keiki, a me nā mākua. ʻAʻole lākou ikaika ma mua o nā pūnaewele embryonic a loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā helu liʻiliʻi i loko o nā ʻiʻo e like me ka iwi iwi, ka ʻili, ka lolo, a me ke akepaʻa.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ua kaupalena ʻia nā pūnaewele kumu makua i ka hana ʻana i nā pūnaewele kikoʻī i nā ʻiʻo kahi e noho ai lākou. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā pūnaewele kumu ʻili e hana pinepine i nā pūnaewele ʻili hou, ʻaʻole nā pūʻuwai.
He Huakaʻi ʻEpekema: Nā Kelepona iPS
Ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i kahi ala e lawe ai i kahi cell makua maʻamau, e like me kahi cell ʻili, a 'hoʻolālā hou' iā ia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hana e like me kahi cell kumu embryonic. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he Induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPS cells) . Ua wehe kēia holomua i nā puka noiʻi hou me ka pale ʻana i nā hopohopo pono e pili ana i nā cell embryonic.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia manawa?
He mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hōʻoia ʻia a me nā noiʻi hoʻokolohua .
Nā Lapaʻau i ʻāpono ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau a holomua hoʻi i kēia lā, ʻo ia ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā cell kumu koko , i ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ka 'bone marrow transplant'.
ʻO kēia ka mālama maʻamau no:
- Nā maʻi ʻaʻai koko (e like me, Leukemia, Lymphoma)
- ʻO kekahi mau maʻi koko (e like me ka anemia cell Sickle)
- Ke hoʻihoʻi nei i ka iwi iwi i luku ʻia e ka chemotherapy.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele kumu mai nā mea hāʻawi olakino a i ʻole mai ke koko o ke kaula umbilical i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka wā hānau.
Nā Manaʻolana o ka Wā E Hiki Mai Ana a me ka Noiʻi Hoʻokolohua
Ke hana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau cell stem no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe he nui. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomanaʻo aia nō kēia mau mea i ka pae hoʻokolohua:
- ka maʻi o Parkinson
- ka maʻi o Alzheimer
- Maʻi diabetes
- Maʻi puʻuwai
- Nā ʻeha o ke kaula kuamoʻo
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī o ke kino
He mea nui: Inā koi kekahi keʻena lapaʻau e hāʻawi i nā 'lāʻau lapaʻau cell stem i hōʻoia ʻia' no kēia mau kūlana, e makaʻala loa. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau. E kūkākūkā mau i kēlā mau koho me kāu kauka mālama mua.
Palekana anei kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
E like me nā ʻenehana lapaʻau hou, loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau cell stem nā pilikia e hana nei nā mea noiʻi e hōʻemi:
- Ka Pōpilikia o ke Kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka Puʻupuʻu: Ma muli o ka māhele wikiwiki ʻana o nā pūnaewele kumu, aia kahi pilikia e ulu hiki ʻole ke kāohi ʻia, e hana ana i nā puʻupuʻu.
- Poino Kino: Hiki i nā pūnaewele i hoʻoponopono ʻia i loko o kahi lab ke loli i nā loli genetic.
- Ka Hōʻole ʻana o ka Palekana: Hiki i ka ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino ke ʻike i nā pūnaewele hāʻawi ma ke ʻano he 'poʻe hoʻouka kaua haole' a hoʻouka iā lākou.
- Nā Pōpilikia o ke ʻoki kino: ʻO nā kaʻina hana e pono ai e ʻohi a hoʻokomo paha i nā cell (e like me nā inikini i loko o ka lolo a i ʻole ka puʻuwai) e loaʻa nā pilikia o ke ʻoki kino.
Hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli loa ka ʻimi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā 'keʻena lapaʻau cell stem' i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia a i ʻole i kūlana ʻole ʻia. E hoʻoikaika mau i ka mālama palekana a hoʻokumu ʻia ma muli o nā hōʻike.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā pūnaewele kumu he mau 'pūnaewele haku' kū hoʻokahi i hiki ke lilo i kekahi ʻano pūnaewele i loko o ke kino a loaʻa iā lākou ka mana nui no ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau cell stem kūleʻa no nā maʻi ʻaʻai koko a me nā maʻi koko kikoʻī.
- Ke hana ʻia nei nā noiʻi no ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi Parkinson, a me ka maʻi puʻuwai a ʻaʻole i ʻāpono ʻia no ka hoʻohana maʻamau.
- Ma mua o ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻana i ka ʻike āu e ʻike ai ma ka pūnaewele e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau cell stem, e ʻoluʻolu e hōʻoia me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi loea lapaʻau kūpono.
- E makaʻala i nā 'keʻena lapaʻau cell stem' i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia e hoʻohiki ana i nā hopena kupanaha. Mai hoʻoweliweli i kou olakino.
nā pūnaewele kumu, noiʻi pūnaewele kumu, lāʻau lapaʻau pūnaewele kumu, lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻoulu hou, noiʻi lapaʻau, hoʻoili iwi iwi
