ʻO nā mea āpau āu e makemake ai e ʻike e pili ana i kahi Bone Marrow Biopsy

Ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pono ʻoe e hana i kahi biopsy iwi, hopohopo iki paha ʻoe a hoihoi, ʻeā? Nui paha kāu mau nīnau e like me, "He aha ia? No ke aha e hana ʻia ai? E ʻeha anei?" Mai hopohopo, ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau ma ke ʻano maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha ka Biopsy o ka Iwi Moa?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka biopsy iwi he hoʻāʻo kūikawā i hana ʻia e ʻike i nā maʻi e pili ana i kou koko a me ka iwi. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻo ka iwi ka wahi nui i loko o ko mākou kino kahi e hana ʻia ai ke koko. Ua like ia me kahi hale hana. Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, lawe kāu kauka i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana, o kēia iwi mai loko mai o kekahi o kou mau iwi nui. A laila, nānā ke kauka loea i kapa ʻia he pathologist i kēia laʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope a nānā i nā hōʻailona o kekahi maʻi. He mea nui kēia biopsy iwi no ka ʻike pololei ʻana i nā maʻi he nui, ʻoiai nā maʻi e pili ana i ke koko a me kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa.

No laila, he aha kēia iwi ʻiwi?

E noʻonoʻo, i loko o nā iwi nui o ko kākou kino, aia kahi hakahaka, e like me loko o kahi paipu. Aia i loko o kēlā hakahaka ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Bone Marrow". Aia ia i ʻelua ʻāpana: kahi ʻāpana palupalu, ʻūlū, a me kahi ʻāpana wai. ʻO kēia ʻāpana ʻiʻo i loko o ka iwi ka mea e hana ai i ʻekolu mau mea e pono ai no ko kākou kino:

• Nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula : ʻO kēia nā hunaola e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma o ko kākou kino. Ke hanu kākou, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka oxygen e komo ana i loko o nā māmā i kēlā me kēia hunaola o ke kino e kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• Nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo : E like me nā pūʻali pale o ko mākou kino, pale kēia mau hunaola koko keʻokeʻo iā mākou mai nā huakini a me nā maʻi.
• Nā Platelets: ʻIke anei ʻoe pehea ʻoe e hoʻōki ai i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ke ʻeha ʻoe? Kōkua kēia mau platelets i kēlā. Ke haki kahi kīʻaha koko, hui pū lākou e hana i kahi clot a hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko .

Aia i loko o ka ʻāpana wai o ka iwi iwi nā pūnaewele kumu , ʻo ia hoʻi, nā pūnaewele i oʻo ʻole akā hiki ke lilo i mau pūnaewele koko ʻulaʻula, nā pūnaewele koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā huaora e pono ai no ka ulu ʻana o kēia mau pūnaewele ua hana ʻia ma kēia ʻāpana wai. I kēia manawa ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe he nānā ka biopsy iwi iwi i kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo ka bone marrow aspiration , kahi e nānā ai i kēlā ʻāpana wai. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e hana kāu kauka i kēia aspiration i ka manawa like me ka biopsy.

I ka manawa hea e ʻōlelo ai ke kauka i kahi biopsy iwi?

Hiki i kahi biopsy iwi ke hāʻawi i nā kauka i ka nui o ka ʻike waiwai. Hoʻohana lākou i kēlā ʻike e:

• No ka loiloi ʻana a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i kahi maʻi: No ka laʻana, inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli maʻamau ʻole i kāu helu koko (haʻahaʻa loa a kiʻekiʻe paha), hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi biopsy. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me nā maʻi koko, ke kanesa, nā kuni i wehewehe ʻole ʻia, a me nā maʻi.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa, e hoʻoholo i kona pae: ʻO ke pae o kahi maʻi kanesa pehea ka mamao o kona laha ʻana a me kona koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kahi biopsy iwi iwi ke haʻi inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ka iwi iwi a inā paha e ulu ana kahi puʻupuʻu kanesa i loko o ka iwi iwi.
• E nānā i ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau: I kekahi manawa, hana pū nā kauka i kēia biopsy e ʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No ka laʻana, hiki i kahi kanaka e mālama ʻia ana no ka maʻi kanesa ke hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo i kēlā me kēia manawa e ʻike ai inā e hana ana ko lākou iwi iwi i nā hunaola koko olakino ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kēia biopsy e ʻike inā he kūpono ka mea hāʻawi no kekahi e loaʻa ana kahi hoʻoili iwi iwi (allogeneic stem cell transplant ). I kekahi manawa, pono i kahi kanaka me nā pae haʻahaʻa o nā cell koko olakino ke hoʻoili ʻia nā cell kumu olakino mai kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe. I mea e hana ai kēlā, pono e kūlike nā cell o ka mea hāʻawi a me ka mea loaʻa.

He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka biopsy iwi?

Hana pinepine ʻia kēia biopsy e ʻike i nā kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka nui a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o nā hunaola koko. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia e ʻike i nā maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻopilikia ana i kou koko a i ʻole ka iwi iwi. Eia kekahi o nā kūlana e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i kēia:

• Anemia: ʻO ka nele o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Kāhea pū mākou iā ia he " anemia ."
• ʻAneemia aplastic: ʻO kahi kūlana i hiki ʻole ai i ka iwi iwi ke hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets.
• ʻO Leukopenia a me leukocytosis: He haʻahaʻa loa (leukopenia) a kiʻekiʻe loa paha (leukocytosis) ka helu o nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo.
• ʻO ka Thrombocytopenia a me ka thrombocytosis: He helu platelet haʻahaʻa loa (thrombocytopenia) a kiʻekiʻe loa paha (thrombocytosis).
• ʻO Polycythemia vera: He maʻi koko laha ʻole kēia kahi e hana ai ka iwi iwi i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula he nui loa.
• Leukemia: He maʻi ʻaʻai o nā hunaola koko. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hunaola koko ʻē, ʻoiai hoʻi nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻili:He maʻi ʻaʻai e ulu ana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā ʻano ʻē i ka helu ʻana o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula.
• ʻO ka myeloma lehulehu: He maʻi ʻaʻai koko laha ʻole kēia. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā cell plasma, kahi ʻano cell koko keʻokeʻo.
• Nā maʻi ʻaʻai lua: Nā maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino (e.g., umauma, māmā) a laila pālahalaha i kahi lua, e like me ka iwi iwi.
• Myelofibrosis: Ma kēia ʻano, ua pani ʻia ka iwi iwi e ka ʻiʻo ʻili fibrous.
• ʻO ka maʻi Myelodysplastic: He maʻi kēia o ka iwi iwi kahi i oʻo pono ʻole ai nā hunaola kumu .

Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia biopsy ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano ʻē o ka chromosome a me kekahi mau hemahema o ka huaora. Hiki i kēia mau hemahema ke hana i ka iwi iwi e hana i nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea koko nui aʻe.

ʻO wai ka mea e hana nei i kēia biopsy?

Hana pinepine ʻia kēia biopsy iwi iwi e ke kauka loea i nā maʻi pili koko (hematologist) a i ʻole ke kauka loea i ka maʻi kanesa (oncologist) .

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kēia? He aha kāu e pono ai e hana?

E wehewehe kāu kauka i ka hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi no ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana. No ka laʻana, inā hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻomaha e kōkua iā ʻoe e hiamoe i ka lā o ka hoʻāʻo, e noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai i ka pō ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo. Inā ʻo kēia ke ʻano, pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home. Pono kāu kauka e ʻike i kāu mōʻaukala olakino piha a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei. No laila, e hōʻoia e haʻi iā lākou e pili ana i:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e pale ai i kou koko mai ka maʻalahi o ke kāpili ʻana (e like me ka hemophilia)?
• Ke lawe nei ʻoe i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā anticoagulants a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea hoʻokahe koko)?
• Ke lawe nei ʻoe i kekahi mau wikamina a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau maʻi ʻaleka i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau?

Eia kekahi, inā hāpai ʻoe, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka. Ma ka haʻi ʻana iā lākou i kēia mau mea a pau ma mua, hiki i ke kime lapaʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua me ka palekana a me ka ʻoluʻolu.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hana ai i kahi biopsy?

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi biopsy iwi ma ke keʻena o ke kauka a i ʻole ma ka haukapila. ʻO ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa he 30 mau minuke ka lōʻihi.E ala ana ʻoe i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, akā e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka anesthesia kūloko e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu. Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi lole haukapila. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻomaha e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu maʻamau penei: 1. Ma muli o kahi e hana ʻia ai ka biopsy, e hoʻohuli ʻia ʻoe ma kou ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka ʻōpū. Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā biopsies iwi ma ke kua o kou iwi ʻūhā (posterior iliac crest) . 2. A laila, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe kāu kauka i ka ʻili ma ia wahi me kahi antiseptic a hoʻokomo i kahi lāʻau hoʻomānoino ma o ka ʻili a hiki i ka iwi. 3. E hana lākou i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi a hoʻokomo i kahi nila biopsy kūikawā i loko o kou iwi. 4. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi syringe liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka nila, lawe ʻia kahi wai liʻiliʻi mai kou iwi ( ka ʻimi ʻana o ka iwi a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua). 5. A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila hakahaka, e like me ka paipu a lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo spongy i loko o ka iwi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he biopsy koʻikoʻi . ʻO kēia no ka mea ua wehe ʻia kahi "core" cylindrical o ka ʻiʻo mai ka nila. 6. Wehe ʻia ka nila e loaʻa ana ka hāpana, kau ʻia ke kaomi ma ka ʻili e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a kau ʻia kahi kāʻei ma luna o ka ʻeha. A laila hoʻouna ke kauka i ka hāpana i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. Ma laila, hoʻāʻo ʻia no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

He ʻeha anei kēia?

He nīnau kēia a ka poʻe he nui e nīnau ai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke lilo i mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Ke hana ʻoe i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka iwi iwi, ʻo ia ka manawa e lawe ʻia ai ka ʻāpana wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha ʻoi . Ke hana ʻoe i ka biopsy koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia ka manawa e lawe ʻia ai ka ʻāpana ʻiʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha palupalu a ʻeha no kekahi manawa . Minamina, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopāʻālua ʻia ka iwi. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā mea e like me ke kaomi ʻana, ka paʻi ʻana, ka huki ʻana, he mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole ia.

Akā, mai hopohopo. Inā he mau hopohopo a nīnau paha kāu e pili ana i ka ʻeha, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu, me ka hoʻomāʻū ʻana i ka wahi e hana ʻia ai ka biopsy.

He aha ka mea e hana ma hope o ka biopsy?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi me ka hoʻāʻo. Eia nō naʻe, inā ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻomaha, pono ʻoe i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home. Ke hoʻi ʻoe i ka home, pono ʻoe e hahai pololei i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo i nā mea e like me:

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻeha a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha, e lawe i kahi lāʻau hoʻomaha ʻeha i hiki ke loaʻa mai ka hale kūʻai lāʻau me ke kauoha ʻole ʻia e ke kauka.
• Mai hoʻoikaika kino a hana paha i ka hana kaumaha no 24 mau hola ma ka liʻiliʻi.
• E mālama i ka ʻāpana ʻeha i maloʻo no 24 mau hola ma ka liʻiliʻi.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia i loko o kēia?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea kakaikahi loa nā pilikia mai ka biopsy iwi iwi.Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, hiki ke kahe nui ke koko a i ʻole ka maʻi ma kahi o ka biopsy. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ke kaomi ʻana i ka wahi e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. Inā loaʻa kahi maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi kirīmi antibiotic e kau ai.

He aha nā hopena? He aha kā lākou e haʻi mai ai iā mākou?

Nānā ʻia kāu hāpana iwi ma lalo o kahi microscope e kahi loea i kapa ʻia he pathologist . Ke loaʻa i kāu kauka kāna mau ʻike, e kūkākūkā ʻo ia me ʻoe a haʻi iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai ma hope. Ma muli o kāu mau hopena, hiki i kāu kauka ke hōʻoia i kahi hōʻailona, ​​​​kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua hou aku, a ʻōlelo paha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a hana paha i nā hoʻololi i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia manawa. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke nīnau i kāu kauka i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena iā ʻoe. No ka mea, ʻokoʻa ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia kanaka, ʻo kāu kauka ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike koke ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona o nā pilikia ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka. ʻO ia mau hōʻailona:

• Inā he nui ke kahe koko a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ka wai mai ka wahi biopsy.
• Inā he pehu ma kahi i hana ʻia ai ka biopsy.
• ʻUlaʻula ka ʻāpana (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā pālahalaha ka ʻulaʻula).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻeha .

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi koko a i ʻole kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia ai i ka iwi iwi, he mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi biopsy iwi iwi. Inā he mau nīnau kikoʻī kāu e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo a hopohopo paha e pili ana i nā manaʻo i ka wā o ka biopsy, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau hōʻeha e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu a hoʻomaha. Hiki iā lākou ke wehewehe i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu o ka hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe. E kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e ʻike hou aku a hilinaʻi hoʻi i ka wā e loaʻa ai kāu biopsy. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kou olakino ka mea nui loa, no laila mai makaʻu e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau.

---