Ua kuhikuhi ʻia anei ʻoe e ke kauka i kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau "Sulfa" i kou ola? Malia paha ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, a ua lohe paha ʻoe iā ia. Ke lohe ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka huaʻōlelo "sulfa," manaʻo lākou he lāʻau like ia. Akā he inoa maʻamau ia no kahi hui nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau sulfonamides, kā lākou hana, a me nā mea nui e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana iā lākou.
He aha maoli kēia mau sulfonamides?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā sulfonamides kahi hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hana ʻia ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e nā kānaka (synthetic). ʻAʻole lākou i kūlohelohe. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ke ʻano kemika o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, loaʻa iā lākou āpau kahi ʻāpana like e loaʻa ana ka mea sulfur. Maanei mai ka inoa "sulfonamide".
No laila pehea e hana ai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau? E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, pono nā bacteria e komo i loko o ko kākou kino i ka meaʻai e ola ai a laha. ʻO kekahi o nā meaolaola e pono ai kēia mau bacteria, ʻo ia ka folate, a i ʻole ka huaora B9 . ʻO ka hana a kēia mau lāʻau sulfa, ʻo ia ke ālai i ka hiki o ka bacteria ke hana i kēia folate. Ua like ia me ka pōloli me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai. Ke nele ka bacteria i ka folate, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke māhele a ulu a make mālie.
I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "Pono mākou i ka folate, no laila ʻaʻole anei e hōʻino iā mākou?" He nīnau maikaʻi kēlā! Akā, ʻo mākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kānaka, loaʻa iā mākou ka folate a mākou e pono ai mai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai. ʻAʻole mākou e hana i ka folate i loko o ko mākou kino. No laila, ʻaʻole pili pololei kēia mau lāʻau i kā mākou mau cell ma ia ʻano. ʻO ia ke kumu he ala maikaʻi loa lākou e pepehi ai i ka bacteria.
He mea nui nā lāʻau sulfa i kēia lā e like me ia i kēlā manawa.
ʻAʻole ʻo Sulfonamides nā lāʻau antibiotic mua i ʻike ʻia. Akā ma hope o ko lākou ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā makahiki 1930, ʻo lākou ka papa lāʻau antibiotic maikaʻi loa a ikaika loa i loaʻa no kahi o ʻumi makahiki. Ma mua o ka lilo ʻana o ka penicillin i mea kaulana, ua kōkua nui kēia mau lāʻau sulfa i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā make mai nā maʻi bacteria.
Akā i kēia lā, ʻaʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia nā sulfonamides no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi bacteria. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi HIV, a me kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa.
He aha nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hui sulfonamide?
He lōʻihi iki kēia papa inoa, akā e hāʻawi ia iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo no ka nui o nā hoʻohana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. E wāwahi kākou i kēia i ʻelua ʻāpana.
| Inoa Lāʻau Lapaʻau | Nā Hoʻohana Maʻamau |
|---|---|
| 1. Nā sulfonamides antibiotic | |
| Sulfacetamide | Ma ke ʻano he ʻaila poni no ka ʻākena a i ʻole he kulu maka no nā maʻi maka (conjunctivitis) |
| Sulfadiazine (Silvadene®) | No ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻana o nā ʻeha kuni |
| Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine®) | ʻO ka colitis ulcerative a me ka rheumatoid arthritis |
| Sulfamethoxazole (aia i loko o Bactrim™) | Nā maʻi bacteria like ʻole e like me nā maʻi urinary tract, nā maʻi hanu |
| 2. Nā sulfonamides ʻaʻole antibiotic | |
| ʻO Furosemide (Lasix®), Bumetanide (Bumex®) | ʻO nā diuretics e hōʻemi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai (pehu ʻana) i loko o ke kino a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe |
| ʻO Celecoxib (Celebrex®) | No ka ʻeha o nā hono e like me ka arthritis |
| ʻO Sumatriptan (Imitrex®) | No nā ʻeha poʻo migraine |
| Tolbutamide, Chlorpropamide | No ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2 |
| ʻO Tamsulosin (Flomax®) | No nā pilikia mimi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nui o ka prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia) |
| ʻO Darunavir (Prezista®) | Lāʻau antiretroviral no ka maʻi HIV |
Mai kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ʻoiai ua kapa ʻia ʻo "sulfa" he "sulfa", ʻaʻole ia he mea like, a he ʻano ākea loa ia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
He ʻoiaʻiʻo anei ka moʻolelo o ka 'sulfa allergic'?
ʻAe, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi allergies i nā lāʻau sulfonamide. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ma waena o 3 a me 8 mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia 100 he maʻi allergies i kahi lāʻau sulfa. Akā ua like kēia me ka nui o nā maʻi allergies i nā lāʻau antibiotic maʻamau ʻē aʻe, e like me ka penicillin.
Akā ʻo ka mea nui ma ʻaneʻi , ʻoiai ua maʻi ʻoe i hoʻokahi lāʻau sulfa, ʻaʻole ʻoe e maʻi i nā lāʻau sulfa ʻē aʻe a pau . No ka laʻana, ʻo ka mea maʻi i ka antibiotic Bactrim, ʻaʻole paha ia e maʻi i ka lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha ʻo Celebrex. No ka mea, he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano kemika o nā lāʻau ʻelua.
No laila, inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi allergy i kahi lāʻau sulfa, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka i hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi i kahi koho ʻē aʻe palekana.
Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā pilikia me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i ka sulfonamides kekahi mau hemahema a me nā pilikia.
- Ke Kūʻē ʻana i ka Bacteria: I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kekahi mau bacteria ke lilo i 'addicted' i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a lilo i kūʻē iā lākou. A laila pau ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o kēlā bacteria.
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi: He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson a me ka toxic epidermal necrolysis ʻelua mau kūlana koʻikoʻi, akā he mea kākaʻikahi loa. Ma mua o kou hopohopo e pili ana i kahi mea e like me kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei.
He sulfonamide anei ʻo Bactrim?
ʻAe, ma kahi ʻāpana. Loaʻa i ka lāʻau Bactrim™ ka sulfamethoxazole, kahi sulfonamide, a me kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo trimethoprim, kahi hana like.
He lāʻau sulfa nō hoʻi ʻo Celebrex?
ʻAe. He lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha ʻo Celecoxib (Celebrex®) no ka papa sulfonamide.
Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana i nā kristal i loko o ka mimi?
Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau sulfa ke hana i nā kristal i loko o ka mimi. ʻAʻole kēia he hopena maʻamau. Inā kuhikuhi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i hoʻokahi, e haʻi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai e pale aku i kēia (no ka laʻana, inu nui i ka wai). No laila, mai hopohopo no ia mea.
He papa lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻia a hōʻoia ʻia nā Sulfonamides me ka mōʻaukala i ʻoi aku ma mua o 90 mau makahiki. I hoʻohana mua ʻia no nā maʻi bacteria wale nō, i kēia manawa ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole mai ke poʻo a ka wāwae.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole nā Sulfonamides, a i ʻole "sulfa," he lāʻau hoʻokahi. He hui nui lākou o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, nā maʻi, a me ka ʻeha.
- Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi allergy i kekahi lāʻau sulfa, e hoʻomaopopo pono i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau.
- He ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia lāʻau sulfa. No ka mea he maʻi ʻoe i kekahi, mai hopohopo e maʻi ʻoe i nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.
- E lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka wale nō. Inā he mau hopohopo a makaʻu paha kou e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.
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