ʻO ka hāpai ʻana he manawa ia e loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia makuahine ka nui o nā manaʻolana a me kekahi mau makaʻu. No laila, i loko o kēia manawa, noʻonoʻo mau mākou i ke olakino o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi laha ʻole i lohe ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe he nui, akā he mea nui e ʻike. ʻO ia ʻo Triploidy. He ʻano kēia e hiki ke hoʻopilikia ma waena o 1% a me 3% o nā hāpai ʻana.
He aha ka triploidy ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi?
ʻAe, e hoʻomaka kākou ma ka wehewehe maʻalahi ʻana i kēia. Aia i loko o kēlā me kēia cell i loko o ko kākou kino kā kākou ʻike genetic, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kaula liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike e hoʻoholo ai i nā mea āpau mai ko kākou kiʻekiʻe a i ke kala o ko kākou ʻili a i ke kala o ko kākou maka. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau chromosomes .
ʻO ka maʻamau, he 46 mau chromosome ko ke kanaka olakino i loko o ko lākou kino. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou i 23 mau pālua. Loaʻa iā mākou he 23 o kēia mau mea mai ko mākou makuahine a ʻo ke koena he 23 mai ko mākou makuakāne. ʻO kēia ke kaʻina hana maʻamau.
Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo triploidy , ma kahi o kēia mau chromosomes 46, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi set keu o nā chromosomes , e lawe mai ana i ka helu holoʻokoʻa i 69. E noʻonoʻo, ua like ia me ka hoʻohui ʻana i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa manawa o ka helu maʻamau. Hiki i kēia ʻike genetic ke hoʻopilikia nui i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki.
He aha ke kumu o kēia kūlana?
He nui nā mākua e noʻonoʻo nei inā he hewa ko lākou ke hana ʻia kekahi mea e like me kēia. Akā, pono ʻoe e ʻike ʻaʻole hewa kekahi i ka triploidy. He mea kupanaha loa ia e hana ʻia i ka manawa i hāpai ʻia ai kahi pēpē.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pēpē ke hui pū ʻia kekahi sperm a me hoʻokahi hua manu. Eia nō naʻe, i ka triploidy, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea:
- Hoʻomohu ʻia kahi hua manu maʻamau e ʻelua sperm i ka manawa like.
- Ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o kahi hua manu maʻamau e kahi sperm me kahi hoʻonohonoho keu o nā chromosomes (hemahema).
- Hoʻomoʻa ka sperm maʻamau i ka hua manu me kahi hoʻonohonoho keu o nā chromosomes (hemahema).
Aia kekahi mau mea pilikia no kēia?
ʻAʻole i hiki i nā loea ke loaʻa i kekahi mau kumu pilikia kikoʻī no kēia. ʻAʻole ia he maʻi hoʻoilina. ʻAʻole hoʻi he kumu ka makahiki o ka makuahine a i ʻole ka makuakāne. Hōʻike ka noiʻi inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe i hoʻokahi manawa, ua haʻahaʻa loa ka manawa e hana hou ai i kāu hāpai ʻana aʻe.
Pehea ka hopena o ka triploidy i ka pēpē a me ka makuahine
I ke kūkākūkā ʻana i kēia kūlana, pono mākou e kālele i ʻelua mau ʻano: ʻo kekahi ka hopena i ke keiki i hānau ʻole ʻia, a ʻo kekahi ka hopena i ka makuahine hāpai.
Nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ke keiki
Inā holomua ka hāpai ʻana me kēia maʻi a hānau ʻia kahi pēpē (he mea kākaʻikahi loa ia), hiki i ka pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi a me nā kīnā hānau he nui.
| ʻĀpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia | Nā pilikia a me nā hōʻailona hiki ke loaʻa |
|---|---|
| Nā ʻōpū o loko o ke kino | Nā pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka puʻuwai, ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo, nā puʻupaʻa, ka iwi kuamoʻo, ke akepaʻa, a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. |
| helehelena | Nā maka i mamao loa aku, kahi alahaka haʻahaʻa o ka ihu, nā pepeiao i haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau a he ʻano ʻokoʻa ko lākou, ka ʻauwae liʻiliʻi, ka lehelehe māwae a me ka palale, nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae i hui pū ʻia, a me nā laina ʻē ma nā poho lima. |
Nā hopena hiki ke loaʻa i ka makuahine hāpai
ʻO ka hapa pinepine, e hāʻule ka hāpai ʻana me ka triploidy i loko o nā mahina mua. Ma muli o kēia ʻano ʻē koʻikoʻi i ke kino, hoʻopau maoli ke kino i ka hāpai ʻana .
Eia nō naʻe, i nā hihia kakaikahi, inā holomua ka hāpai ʻana, ua nui ka pilikia o ka makuahine i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo preeclampsia .
He maʻi koʻikoʻi ka pre-eclampsia i hōʻailona ʻia e ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Pono ʻoe e makaʻala loa e pili ana i kēia mau hōʻailona:
- Ka pehu ʻana o nā lima, nā wāwae, a i ʻole ka maka (edema)
- ʻO ka piʻi koke ʻana o ke kaumaha ma mua o 3-5 paona i loko o kahi manawa pōkole, e like me hoʻokahi pule
- ʻEha poʻo pinepine
- Pōʻino a me nā maka polū
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
- Ua emi ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka mimi
- ʻEha ʻōpū o luna
- Ka luaʻi a i ʻole ka luaʻi
- ʻĀlohilohi i mua o nā maka, ʻike pōwehiwehi
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona i nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe, no laila inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona , pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i kāu kauka. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i ka pre-eclampsia ke make no ka makuahine a me ka pēpē.
Pehea e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?
I ka wā o ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound maʻamau i ka wā hāpai, hiki i ke kauka ke kānalua i kēia. Hiki ke kū mai kēia kānalua ma muli o ka ulu lohi o ka pēpē, ka haʻahaʻa o ka wai amniotic i loko o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē i ke kino o ka pēpē.
No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke kānalua, pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia nā chromosomes o ke keiki. ʻElua mau hoʻāʻo no kēia:
1. Amniocentesis: Pili kēia i ke kau ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi loa ma kou ʻōpū, e lawe ana i kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka wai amniotic e hoʻopuni ana i ka pēpē, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā chromosomes o ka pēpē i loko o nā cell.
2. Ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana villus Chorionic (CVS): Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka placenta a nānā iā ia.
Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana me kēia mau hoʻokolohua ʻelua, he mea nui e kūkākūkā pono i nā pono a me nā pōʻino me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke keiki, hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia kēia ma ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana o ka ʻili o ke keiki a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā chromosomes.
Pehea ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka triploidy. ʻAʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia. Inā hānau ʻia kahi pēpē me kēia maʻi, e hāʻawi wale ke kime lapaʻau i ka mālama kākoʻo ʻoiai e mālama ana i nā hōʻailona o ka pēpē.
Ma muli o kēia, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ka triploidy e make i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau mahina o ka hānau ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa nā hōʻike kakaikahi loa o ka poʻe i ola a hiki i ka wā makua. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi kūlana kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo mosaic triploidy . ʻO ia hoʻi, aia kekahi mau cell i loko o ko lākou kino he 46 mau chromosomes maʻamau, aʻo kekahi he 69 wale nō. Akā hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana, nā pilikia aʻo, a me nā hopu ʻana.
He like anei ʻo Triploidy a me Trisomy?
ʻAe. ʻOiai ke kani like nei kēia mau inoa ʻelua ke lohe ʻoe iā lākou, he mau kūlana ʻokoʻa kēia ʻelua.
- ʻO Triploidy ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o kahi hoʻonohonoho piha o nā chromosomes (23+23+23 = 69).
- ʻO Trisomy ka hoʻohui ʻana o hoʻokahi chromosome i kahi pālua maʻamau o nā chromosome. No ka laʻana, ʻo Down syndrome kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'trisomy 21'. ʻO ke ʻano kēia aia kekahi chromosome keu i hoʻohui ʻia i ka pālua 21, e hana ana i ʻekolu pālua.
He ʻike ʻeha loa ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i kahi kūlana e like me kēia no kekahi makua. No laila, he mea nui loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau e pono ai a me ke kākoʻo noʻonoʻo.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ʻano ʻē ka Triploidy i loaʻa ma ke ʻano chromosome i ka wā hāpai. ʻAʻole ia he hewa o kekahi.
- Hoʻopau pinepine kēia ʻano i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hāpai keiki i nā wā mua.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē i ka wā hāpai (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā hōʻailona o ka pre-eclampsia) , e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
- ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia maʻi, a i ka wā e hānau ai kahi pēpē, hāʻawi wale ʻia ka mālama hōʻailona.
- He mea nui loa ke kākoʻo noʻonoʻo no nā mākua e hele nei i kēia ʻike, no laila mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia me kāu kauka, ʻohana, a me nā mea aloha.
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