Ua nānā anei ʻoe i loko o ke aniani a i ʻole ua hoʻopā wale i kou ʻāʻī a ʻike i kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi? A i ʻole ua haʻi aku kekahi iā ʻoe ua pehu iki kou ʻāʻī? Makaʻu ka poʻe he nui ke ʻike lākou i kahi mea e like me kēia. Akā ma mua o ko mākou makaʻu ʻana, e aʻo hou kākou e pili ana i nā nodules thyroid .
He aha nā Nodules Thyroid?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kelepa thyroid he kelepa liʻiliʻi e like me ke ʻano o ka pepeke aia ma ke alo o ko kākou ʻāʻī, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻōpū hanu. ʻO kāna hana nui ka hana ʻana i nā hormones e kāohi ana i ka metabolism o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai i ka ikehu, a me nā mea nui ʻē aʻe e like me ka helu o ka puʻuwai .
No laila, i kekahi manawa, ulu kekahi mau pūnaewele i loko o kēia gland me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia a hana i kahi puʻupuʻu a puʻupuʻu paha. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he nodule thyroid. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke paʻa a i ʻole hiki ke like me kahi ʻeke piha i ka wai (cyst).
He mea weliweli anei kēia mau puʻupuʻu? Hiki paha iā lākou ke lilo i maʻi kanesa?
ʻO kēia ka nīnau e hiki mua mai ana i ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa ʻo ka pane he 'ʻaʻole'.
Hoʻokahi wale nō i loko o ka ʻumi (10%) o nā nodules thyroid i ʻike ʻia he maʻi kanesa paha. ʻO ia hoʻi, ma kahi o 90% o nā nodules he benign.
He liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau puʻupuʻu a ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike aia lākou ma laila. He mea maʻamau lākou i kou wā ʻelemakule. Inā ʻaʻole lākou he maʻi kanesa, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e pono i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. E nānā wale kāu kauka iā lākou. ʻO ia hoʻi, e ʻike lākou inā e nui aʻe lākou a i ʻole e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā ʻano nui o nā nodules thyroid?
Aia nā ʻano puʻupuʻu thyroid like ʻole. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea ʻaʻole ia he maʻi kanesa a hiki ke mālama maʻalahi ʻia.
| ʻAno puʻupuʻu | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka Adenoma Thyroid | He mau puʻupuʻu ʻaʻole kēia no ka maʻi kanesa e ulu ana mai ka ʻiʻo thyroid maʻamau. Inā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona, ʻaʻohe pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E nānā ke kauka iā lākou me nā scan. |
| ʻAdenoma ʻawahia | Hoʻoulu kēia mau nodules i ka nui o ka hormone i ka thyroid gland. Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi he hyperthyroidism. ʻAʻole paha he maʻi kanesa kēia. |
| Nā Cysts Thyroid | Ua like kēia me nā ʻeke piha i ka wai. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole kēia he mau maʻi kanesa. |
| ʻO ka goiter | Ka pehu ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kelepa thyroid. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ka nele o ka iodine a i ʻole nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale. |
| ʻO ka Goiter Multinodular | Hoʻohana ʻia kēia inoa ke pehu ka ʻōpū thyroid a he nui nā nodules. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli. |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid | I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki i kahi puʻupuʻu ke lilo i maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā ʻano e like me ka papillary a me ka follicular e ulu mālie. Aia nā koho lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa. |
He aha nā hōʻailona e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole kēia mau puʻupuʻu e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka puʻupuʻu, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona like ʻole.
Nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu
Inā nui ka puʻupuʻu, hiki ke kaomi i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāʻī, e hana ana i nā hōʻailona e like me:
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
- MeaʻaiPaʻakikī ke ale ʻana
- Manaʻo mau o ka ʻūlū i loko o ka puʻu
- Ka leo haʻalulu a i ʻole ka loli o ka leo
Nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā nodules e hana nui ana i ka hormone ("Hot Nodules")
Hiki i kekahi mau nodules ke hoʻoulu i ka hana nui o ka hormone thyroid ( hyperthyroidism ), hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hōʻailona e like me:
- Ka emi ʻana o ke kaumaha
- Nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo
- ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka wela
- Hoʻomaha pinepine a me ka huhū
- Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai
- Ka nāwaliwali o ka iwi
Nā hōʻailona o ka hana ʻana o ka hormone haʻahaʻa (Hypothyroidism)
I kekahi manawa hiki i ka poʻe me nā nodules thyroid ke loaʻa i nā pae hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona e like me:
- Luhi nui
- ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ke anu
- Ke ālai ʻia
- ʻIli maloʻo
- Piʻi ke kaumaha
- He helehelena pehu
- Ka lahilahi o ka lauoho
- Poho hoʻomanaʻo a me ke kaumaha
He aha ke kumu o nā nodules thyroid?
He paʻakikī ke ʻike i hoʻokahi kumu o nā puʻupuʻu, akā aia kekahi mau kumu.
- Thyroiditis: He mumū mau kēia o ka ʻōpū thyroid. ʻO kahi laʻana o kēia he kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo Hashimoto.
- Ka nele o ka Iodine: He mineral koʻikoʻi ka Iodine i kā mākou meaʻai. Inā nele, hiki ke ulu ka goiter. Eia nō naʻe, ma Sri Lanka, ua kakaikahi loa kēia ʻano i kēia manawa no ka mea ua hoʻohui ʻia ka iodine i ka paʻakai a mākou e ʻai ai.
- Thyroid Adenoma: He ulu ʻino ʻole kēia i wehewehe ʻole ʻia e kū ana i loko o ka ʻiʻo thyroid.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid: He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu e ke kanesa.
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia? (Diagnosis)
Inā kānalua ʻoe he puʻu kou ma kou ʻāʻī, ʻo ka mea mua āu e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka. E nānā ʻo ia iā ʻoe a kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kēia mau hoʻokolohua inā pono.
- Nā Hoʻāʻo Koko: E nānā kāu mau hoʻāʻo koko i nā pae o nā hormones thyroid (TSH, T3, T4) e ʻike ai inā e hana pono ana kāu gland.
- ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana i ka Ultrasound: He hoʻāʻo ʻeha ʻole kēia. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka puʻupuʻu, a inā he paʻa a piha paha i ka wai (he cyst).
- Ke nānā ʻana i kahi hāpana cell (Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy):ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa. Ma kēia, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila lahilahi loa i loko o ka puʻupuʻu, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana iā ia ma ke scan, a lawe ʻia kekahi mau cell mai laila mai a hoʻouna ʻia i ka lab. ʻO kēia ka mea e hōʻoia nui ai inā he maʻi kanesa ka puʻupuʻu a ʻaʻole paha.
- ʻO ke Kānana Thyroid: Pili kēia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka iodine radioactive i ke kino a me ka nānā ʻana pehea e komo ai ke kelepaʻi iā ia.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?
Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā pono ka mālama ʻana i kāu puʻupuʻu, a me ka mea e hana ai inā pono. Aia ia i ke ʻano o ka puʻupuʻu, kona nui, nā hōʻailona, a me ka hōʻike biopsy.
- Nānā: Inā he liʻiliʻi ka puʻupuʻu, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia ana, e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e hana i kekahi mea a e nānā wale i kēlā me kēia manawa.
- Ka hoʻokahe ʻana: Inā he ʻeke piha i ka wai (cyst) ka puʻupuʻu, hiki paha ke hoʻokahe i ka wai me kahi nila maikaʻi.
- Ablation: He ʻano hana e luku ai i nā puʻupuʻu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana e like me nā inikini wela a i ʻole ka waiʻona.
- ʻOki kino: Inā nui ka puʻupuʻu, inā paʻakikī ke ale a hanu paha, a inā ua hōʻoia ʻia a kānalua ʻia paha ke kanesa, hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino e wehe i ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ke kelepa thyroid holoʻokoʻa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻoki kino he thyroidectomy. Inā wehe ʻia ke kelepa holoʻokoʻa, pono ʻoe e lawe i nā pila hormone thyroid no ke koena o kou ola.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi maʻamau loa nā nodules thyroid, ʻoiai hoʻi i ko kākou wā ʻelemakule.
- Ma kahi o 90% o kēia mau mea ʻaʻole ia he maʻi kanesa. No laila, mai hopohopo pono ʻole inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī.
- Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī, pilikia ʻoe i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana, a i ʻole he loli kou leo, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. E ʻike pono i ke kauka.
- E hana kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a e ʻike pono i ke kumu o ka pilikia.
- Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kou kūlana. ʻAʻole pono nā ʻoki kino a pau.
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