Inā he makuahine hāpai ʻoe, ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kahi 'NT scan', a i ʻole 'first-trimester screening'. ʻO ka lohe ʻana i kēia inoa hiki iā ʻoe ke hopohopo iki a hoihoi. Akā he hoʻāʻo maʻalahi loa ia, a ʻaʻohe mea e makaʻu ai. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia NT scan.
He aha maoli ka NT scan?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he scan ultrasound kūikawā kahi NT scan i hana ʻia i nā mahina ʻekolu mua o kou hāpai ʻana, ma waena o nā pule 11 a me 14. ʻO ka inoa piha o kēia ʻo ka Nuchal Translucency scan. Nānā nui ia i ka pilikia o kāu pēpē e loaʻa ana kekahi mau kūlana genetic, e like me Down syndrome.
I ka manawa pinepine, hele pū ʻia kēia scan me kekahi mau hoʻokolohua koko ʻē aʻe. Nānā kēia mau hoʻokolohua koko i nā pae o kekahi mau hormones a me nā protein i loko o kou koko. Eia kekahi laʻana:
- Beta manuahi- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (b-hCG)
- ʻO ka protein plasma-A e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana (PAPP-A)
- ʻAlepa-fetoprotein (AFP)
Aia kēia mau hormones a me nā protein i loko o ke kino o kēlā me kēia wahine hāpai. Akā inā loaʻa i ka pēpē kahi maʻi e like me Down syndrome , hiki ke haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha ko lākou mau pae ma mua o ka maʻamau. Ke hana pū ʻia ka NT scan a me kēia mau hoʻāʻo koko, kapa mākou ia he 'hui pū ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka trimester mua' . ʻOi aku ka pololei o nā hopena ke hana pū ʻia.
He aha maoli ka mea e nānā ai kēia scan?
He mea hoihoi loa kēia. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pēpē e ulu ana i loko o ka ʻōpū kahi membrane lahilahi ma lalo o ka ʻili ma ke kua o ko lākou ʻāʻī, i piha i kahi wai liʻiliʻi. Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo ka 'nuchal fold'. He mea kēia i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pēpē olakino.
Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā pēpē me kekahi mau kūlana hoʻoilina, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ma mua o ka maʻamau e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o kēia 'nuchal fold'. A laila lilo kēlā membrane i mānoanoa iki. Ana ka NT scan i kēlā mānoanoa.
Ma muli o kēia mānoanoa, hiki ke koho i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi genetic i ka pēpē.
| Nānā ʻia ke Kūlana | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka maʻi Down (Down syndrome / Trisomy 21) | He kūlana kahi i loaʻa ai i ko kākou mau pūnaewele kahi kope keu o ka chromosome 21, a i ʻole ʻekolu kope, ma kahi o nā mea ʻelua i loaʻa mau i loko o ko kākou mau pūnaewele. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino. |
| ʻO Trisomy 13 a me 18 | Ua like kēia me ka Down syndrome. Maanei, aia kahi kope keu o ka chromosome 13 a i ʻole 18. ʻO kēia nā kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i nā kīnā hānau koʻikoʻi loa. |
| ʻO ka maʻi Turner | He kūlana e hoʻopilikia wale ana i nā pēpē wahine nona ka chromosome X. I kēia hihia, ua nalowale kekahi hapa a i ʻole nā mea āpau o ka chromosome X. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā pilikia ulu a me nā pilikia puʻuwai. |
| Maʻi puʻuwai hānau | Loaʻa kekahi mau kīnā puʻuwai i ka wā hānau. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, aʻo kekahi paha ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia iki. |
Akā he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia: He hoʻāʻo nānā ka NT scan, ʻaʻole he hoʻāʻo diagnostic . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoia 100% ua loaʻa i kāu pēpē kēia mau maʻi. Hōʻike wale ia inā kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ia ʻano maʻi.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia kumu nui, e hoʻolohe ke kauka i kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hana ai i kēia scan.
- Ke ulu pono nei kāu pēpē ?
- ʻEhia mau pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū?
- Inā he māhoe lāua, e kaʻana like anei lāua i ka placenta hoʻokahi?
- E hōʻoia i kou ʻike pono i ka lōʻihi o kou hāpai ʻana .
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o kahi scan NT?
He scan maʻamau kēia e like me nā scan ʻē aʻe āu i loaʻa ai ma mua. ʻAʻohe mea kūikawā. E noi ʻia ʻoe e inu i 2 a 3 mau kīʻaha wai ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ke scan. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike maopopo ʻana i ka pēpē ke piha kou ʻōpū mimi. No laila, mai mimi ma mua o ke scan. ʻOiai paha he ʻoluʻolu ʻole iki, e kōkua ia i ka holo pono ʻana o ke scan.
Ke komo ʻoe i loko o ka lumi scan, e noi ʻia ʻoe e moe i lalo ma kahi moe. A laila e hoʻopili ke loea i kahi gel liʻiliʻi i kou ʻōpū haʻahaʻa a hoʻokomo i kahi mea hana liʻiliʻi (wand/probe) ma o ia mea e kiʻi i nā kiʻi. E ʻike ʻoe i kahi kaomi iki i kēia manawa, akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻeha . Ke lawe ʻia nā kiʻi e pono ai, ua pau ka scan. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home e like me ka maʻamau.
He mea pono anei kēia scan?
ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole he hoʻāʻo koi ʻia ka NT scan. He koho wale nō ia. ʻO ia hoʻi, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuleana piha e hoʻoholo ai inā e loaʻa a ʻaʻole paha.
Makemake kekahi mau mākua e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua a ʻike mua i nā pilikia olakino o kā lākou pēpē. Ma kēlā ʻano, inā he keiki me nā pono kūikawā, loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa e hoʻomākaukau ai noʻonoʻo a ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e mālama ai i kēlā keiki.
Eia kekahi, manaʻo kekahi mau mākua e hiki i kēlā hoʻokolohua ke hoʻoulu i ke kaumaha pono ʻole. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoholo ʻaʻole e hana i ka hoʻokolohua inā ʻaʻole hoʻololi nā hopena i ke ʻano o kā lākou mālama ʻana i kā lākou keiki. Pololei nā hoʻoholo ʻelua. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ʻoe a me kāu hoa e hana i ka hoʻoholo kūpono loa iā ʻoe, me kāu kauka inā pono.
Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā hopena scan?
I ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū, e piʻi mālie ana ka mānoanoa o ka pelu nuchal a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua. No laila, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke ana i loaʻa i ka wā o ke scan me ke ana awelika o nā pēpē olakino ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki like.
| Hopena | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Ka hopena awelika (Pōpilikia Haʻahaʻa) | He mea maʻamau ke ana ʻana a hiki i 2 millimeters (2mm) i ka 11 mau pule a hiki i 2.8 millimeters (2.8mm) i ka 13 mau pule a me 6 mau lā. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ua emi ka pilikia o ka pēpē i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi hoʻoilina. |
| Hopena maʻamau ʻole (Pilikia Kiʻekiʻe) | Inā ʻoi aku ke ana ma mua o ka pae maʻamau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua manaʻo ʻia he hopena "pilikia kiʻekiʻe". ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo he maʻi ko ka pēpē, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia ma mua o ka maʻamau. |
ʻAʻole wale kēia ana scan e hoʻohana ai kāu kauka, akā, ʻo kou makahiki a me nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo koko hoʻi e hana i kahi hōʻailona hope loa. Ke hui pū ʻia, hiki i ka scan NT a me ka hoʻāʻo koko ke wānana i ka pilikia o nā kūlana genetic me kahi pololei o 85% .
Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi manawa kūpono o ka hopena "wahaheʻe maikaʻi". ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka pēpē, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe pilikia.
He aha ka mea e hana ai inā ʻano ʻē nā hopena o ka scan NT?
ʻO ka mea mua, mai hopohopo . ʻAʻole manaʻo ka hopena 'kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia' he pilikia me ka pēpē. ʻO ia hoʻi, pono e hoʻāʻo hou ʻia.
E kuhikuhi aku kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hiki iā ʻoe ke hana. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke hana i kahi hōʻailona pololei 100%.
- Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Maanei, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka placenta a nānā ʻia.
- Amniocentesis: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai amniotic i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻāʻo iā ia.
- Nānā ʻana i ka DNA ʻole cell prenatal (cfDNA): He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi kēia e kālailai ana i nā ʻāpana o ka DNA o kāu pēpē i loko o kou koko e nānā no nā kūlana genetic . (He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi kēia e kālailai ana i nā ʻāpana o ka DNA o kāu pēpē i loko o kou koko e nānā no nā kūlana genetic.)
E wehewehe kāu kauka i nā pono, nā pōʻino, a me nā pilikia o kēlā me kēia o kēia mau hoʻokolohua iā ʻoe, i hoʻopilikino ʻia i kou kūlana. A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo inā e hana a ʻaʻole paha.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He hoʻāʻo ultrasound palekana loa a ʻeha ʻole ka NT scan i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana.
- ʻAʻole ia he mea koi ʻia e hana i kēia. Aia wale nō iā ʻoe.
- Hoʻāʻo kēia no ka pilikia o nā kūlana genetic e like me Down syndrome, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoia i ke alo o ka maʻi.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena 'kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe', mai hopohopo, akā e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka no ka hoʻāʻo hou aku.
- Mai kānalua e kūkākūkā a wehewehe i kāu mau pilikia a me nā kānalua me kāu kauka.
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