Koj puas txham ntau zaus? Koj puas tau qhov ntswg ntws thiab khaus qhov muag thaum koj kov me ntsis hmoov av lossis tsiaj? Lossis koj puas tau liab, khaus tom qab noj ib yam khoom noj, xws li cw? Tej zaum koj kuj tau ntsib cov no thiab. Cov no yog yam peb hu ua cov tsos mob ua xua. Yog li, muaj kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav seb dab tsi ua rau muaj teeb meem no thiab pab koj tus kws kho mob xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau nws. Ntawd yog yam peb tab tom tham txog hnub no.
Cov kev kuaj ntshav no yog dab tsi rau kev ua xua?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov kev kuaj ntshav no ntsuas qhov muaj ib hom 'antibody' tshwj xeeb hauv koj cov ntshav uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua xua. Xav txog nws li no. Thaum ib yam dab tsi uas tsis zoo rau peb lub cev, uas yog, ib yam dab tsi uas ua rau muaj kev ua xua (peb hu qhov no ua allergen), nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsim ib pawg 'tub rog' tshwj xeeb los tawm tsam nws. Peb hu cov tub rog no ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv .
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no mus rau qee cov cell hauv lub cev thiab qhia rau lawv tias, "Nov yog ib tug yeeb ncuab los, tso cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab tawm tsam." Thaum cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawd raug tso tawm peb yuav muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua, xws li khaus, tawv nqaij tawm pob, txham, thiab ua pa nyuaj. Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua xua hu ua Immunoglobulin E (IgE) .
Feem ntau, qhov kev kuaj ntshav no tuaj yeem kuaj tau txog li 10 yam ua xua uas feem ntau pom hauv peb ib puag ncig ib zaug. Piv txwv li suav nrog hmoov av, plaub tsiaj, qee hom ntoo, nyom, nroj tsuag, thiab pwm. Cov kev kuaj ntshav no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev kuaj mob ua xua rau zaub mov .
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog hom twg?
Cov kev kuaj ntshav no kuj hu ua kev kuaj immunoassay. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb:
- Kev ntsuam xyuas enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, lossis EIA): Qhov no yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab niaj hnub tshaj plaws. Nws ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj IgE antibodies tshwj xeeb rau ib qho allergen tshwj xeeb hauv koj cov ntshav.
- Kev kuaj mob Radioallergosorbent (RAST): Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj kev siv yav dhau los. Tam sim no uas kev kuaj ELISA tau los txog, nws tsis siv ntau lawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, thaum koj muaj kev ua xua, tus naj npawb ntawm eosinophils, ib hom qe ntshav dawb hauv koj cov ntshav, tuaj yeem nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, qee zaum koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav xaj kom kuaj xyuas koj cov qe ntshav dawb. Tab sis nco ntsoov, ntau lwm yam kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb nce ntxiv, yog li ntawd ib leeg tsis yog pov thawj ntawm kev ua xua.
Vim li cas ho yuav tsum kuaj ntshav es tsis txhob kuaj daim tawv nqaij?
Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob yuav xub kuaj daim tawv nqaij kom paub txog kev ua xua. Tab sis qee zaum tshwj xeeb, qhov ntawd ua tsis tau. Thaum ntawd qhov kev kuaj ntshav no thiaj li tseem ceeb heev.
Nov yog qee qhov xwm txheej uas tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj ntshav dua li kuaj daim tawv nqaij.
- Qee cov tshuaj uas koj noj (piv txwv li cov tshuaj antihistamines, steroids, qee cov tshuaj antidepressants) yuav ua rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj tawv nqaij tsis raug. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tsum noj cov tshuaj ntawd txawm tias ob peb hnub los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom mus kuaj ntshav.
- Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj tawv nqaij, daim tawv nqaij yuav raug khawb nrog ib pawg koob me me. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem zam lub koob chob .
- Yog koj muaj mob plawv lossis mob hawb pob uas tswj tsis tau zoo .
- Yog tias koj muaj ib yam mob xws li mob eczema hnyav, dermatitis, lossis psoriasis , nws yuav nyuaj rau ua qhov kev kuaj tawv nqaij.
- Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua xua hnyav (anaphylaxis) rau kev kuaj tawv nqaij, lossis yog tias koj tau muaj ib qho yav dhau los, kev kuaj ntshav muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
- Nws yooj yim dua los kuaj ntshav dua li kuaj daim tawv nqaij rau cov menyuam mos me thiab cov menyuam yaus me heev .
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kuaj ntshav yog dab tsi?
Ib yam li lwm yam kev kuaj mob, qhov no muaj ob qho zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cia peb saib nws hauv daim ntawv teev.
| Cov txiaj ntsig | Qhov tsis zoo |
|---|---|
| Koj ua tau qhov kev kuaj no txhua lub sijhawm, txawm koj noj tshuaj dab tsi los xij. | Nws kim dua li kev kuaj tawv nqaij me ntsis thiab tej zaum qee cov phiaj xwm pov hwm yuav tsis them. |
| Tsis zoo li kev kuaj tawv nqaij, koj tsis tau txais ntau koob. Koj tsuas tau txais ib koob xwb los kos ntshav. Qhov no yooj yim rau cov neeg uas ntshai koob. | Nws yuav tsis rhiab heev li kev kuaj tawv nqaij. |
| Zoo tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus. | Vim tias cov ntshav yuav tsum tau xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj , nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub lossis ib lub lim tiam kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig (cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj tawv nqaij muaj tam sim ntawd). |
Yuav nkag siab li cas txog cov txiaj ntsig?
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Kev nkag siab txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev xeem no tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis.
- Qhov tshwm sim zoo (+): Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tshuaj IgE antibodies tshwj xeeb rau cov allergen uas tab tom kuaj tau pom nyob rau hauv koj cov ntshav. Qhov no feem ntau yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj muaj kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov ua tau tias koj yuav kuaj pom zoo rau qee yam tab sis tsis muaj cov tsos mob ua xua.
- Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo (-): Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tsis tau ua xua rau cov tshuaj ntawd. Nws txhais tau tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis teb rau cov allergen ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, nws muaj peev xwm ua xua txawm tias qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob sim txhais daim ntawv qhia kev kuaj no ntawm koj tus kheej. Koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob, nrog nws tham, thiab muab piv rau koj cov tsos mob kom tau qhov xaus lus tseeb.
Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo?
Qhov kev kuaj ntshav no muaj kev nyab xeeb heev. Cov kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim yog me me xwb.
- Kev o thiab liab ntawm qhov chaw uas cov ntshav ntws
- Mob me ntsis
- Los ntshav me ntsis ntawm qhov chaw kos ntshav
- Ib yam li lwm yam kev kuaj ntshav, qee tus neeg yuav xav tias tsaus muag.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov kev kuaj ntshav no pab nrhiav seb dab tsi ua rau koj cov tsos mob ua xua.
- Qhov no yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsis tuaj yeem kuaj tawv nqaij.
- Qhov no muaj ob qho zoo (muaj peev xwm mus ncig teb chaws kom tau tshuaj, ua tiav txoj haujlwm hauv ib zaug xwb) thiab qhov tsis zoo (kim heev, siv sijhawm ntev kom pom cov txiaj ntsig).
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:Tom qab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob, tsis txhob sim txhais lawv ntawm koj tus kheej, tab sis nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob (kws kho mob), uas paub txog koj cov tsos mob, thiab tau txais cov lus qhia zoo.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus