Koj puas tau xav txog seb cov kua liab no uas ntws tas li hauv peb lub cev, hu ua ntshav, ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus li cas tiag? Ib yam li lub tsheb thauj khoom mus rau hauv nroog, ntshav nqa cov khoom uas peb xav tau mus rau txhua qhov ntawm peb lub cev thiab tshem tawm cov khoom uas peb tsis xav tau. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb lub neej. Hnub no, cia peb tham txog cov kua uas muab txoj sia no.
Ntshav yog dab tsi? Vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb rau peb?
Hais yooj yim xwb, ntshav yog ib yam kua tseem ceeb uas nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham mus rau hauv peb lub cev cov nqaij, thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov nqaij ntawd. Hauv lwm lo lus, ntshav tseem khiav mus thoob plaws peb lub cev, pab kom peb lub cev noj qab nyob zoo.
Nov yog qee lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav:
- Cov pa oxygen uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub ntsws thaum peb ua pa thiab cov as-ham uas peb tau txais los ntawm cov khoom noj uas peb noj raug nqa mus rau txhua lub cell me me hauv peb lub cev.
- Nws pab nqa cov khoom pov tseg, xws li carbon dioxide, uas tsim tawm hauv cov cell rov qab mus rau lub ntsws thiab lub raum thiab tshem tawm lawv ntawm lub cev.
- Lawv tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev.
- Thaum peb raug mob , cov ntshav yuav txhaws kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
- Nws tswj thiab sib npaug qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub cev thiab ntshav siab.
Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav. Plaub yam no ua haujlwm ua ke los ua txhua yam haujlwm no.
| Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav | Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim? |
|---|---|
| Plasma | Qhov no yog cov kua ntawm cov ntshav. Cov plasma no nqa lwm cov qe ntshav thoob plaws lub cev. |
| Cov Qog Ntshav Liab | Cov hlwb no nqa cov pa oxygen mus rau cov hlwb ntawm lub cev. |
| Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb | Lawv tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab tiv thaiv peb ntawm kev kis kab mob. |
| Cov ntshav platelets | Thaum koj raug mob, cov ntshav yuav txhaws kom tsis txhob los ntshav. |
Cov ntshav nyob qhov twg? Nws tsim los li cas?
Ntshav ntws thoob plaws hauv peb lub cev cov ntshav ncig. Xav txog peb lub plawv zoo li lub twj tso dej. Lub twj tso dej no xa ntshav mus thoob plaws lub cev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
- Cov hlab ntsha: Cov no yog cov hlab ntsha uas nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau, huv si los ntawm lub plawv mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.
- Cov leeg ntshav: Cov no yog cov hlab ntsha uas nqa cov ntshav siv lawm, tsis muaj oxygen los ntawm cov nqaij ntawm lub cev rov qab mus rau lub plawv.
- Cov hlab ntsha me me: Cov no yog cov hlab ntsha me me uas txuas cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg ntshav. Cov as-ham thiab cov pa oxygen raug pauv ntawm cov cell los ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me no.
Tam sim no cia peb saib qhov twg cov ntshav raug tsim tawm. Lub Hoobkas tseem ceeb uas cov ntshav raug tsim tawm yog nyob hauv peb cov pob txha . Peb hu qhov no ua pob txha pob txha . Hauv cov pob txha pob txha no muaj ib hom cell tshwj xeeb, uas hu ua cov hlwb noob. Tag nrho cov hlwb hauv peb cov ntshav, xws li cov hlwb ntshav liab, cov hlwb ntshav dawb thiab cov platelets, yog tsim tawm los ntawm cov hlwb noob no. Tom qab lawv loj hlob, lawv koom nrog cov hlab ntsha.
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb cov ntshav muaj dab tsi.
Ib tug txiv neej laus muaj li ntawm 5 liv ntshav hauv nws lub cev. Ib tug poj niam muaj li ntawm 4 liv. Ntshav yog li ntawm 8% ntawm peb qhov hnyav hauv lub cev. Yog tias peb saib cov ntshav no:
- Plasma: Qhov no tsuas yog 55% ntawm cov ntshav.
- Cov Qog Ntshav Liab: Cov no tsim txog li 44% ntawm cov ntshav.
- Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb thiab Cov Platelets: Ob qho no ua ke muaj me ntsis xwb, kwv yees li 1%.
Plasma
Qhov no yog ib qho kua daj. Nws yog ntau tshaj 90% dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov protein thiab cov ntsev kuj yaj rau hauv nws. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav yog nqa lwm cov qe ntshav thiab cov tshuaj tsim nyog thoob plaws lub cev.
Cov Qog Ntshav Liab
Qhov xim liab yog vim muaj ib hom protein hu ua hemoglobin . Hemoglobin yog yam uas nqa oxygen mus thoob plaws lub cev. Lub neej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab yog li 120 hnub. Thaum cov qe ntshav qub tuag, cov qe ntshav tshiab raug tsim tawm hauv cov pob txha.
Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb
Cov no yog cov tub rog ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Lawv zoo li tub ceev xwm hauv peb lub cev. Thaum cov yeeb ncuab xws li cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob thiab cov qe ntshav dawb tuaj, cov qe ntshav dawb no mus tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv peb. Muaj ntau hom ntawm cov no.
Cov ntshav platelets
Cov no yog cov cell fragments uas zoo li cov phaj fragments. Thaum koj txiav koj txhais tes, qhov ntshav yuav tsum tsis txhob los tom qab ib pliag vim yog cov platelets no. Lawv yog cov uas tuaj sai sai thiab kaw qhov txhab thiab muab ib daim 'plaster' rau nws kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
Cov kab mob dab tsi feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav?
Ib yam li txhua yam, peb cov ntshav tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kab mob. Cov no feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg.
Mob qog ntshav
Mob qog ntshav tshwm sim thaum cov qe ntshav tsis zoo pib loj hlob sai vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob caj noob ces uas tsim cov qe ntshav.
- Kab mob ntshav dawb (leukemia)
- Lymphoma
- Mob qog nqaij hlav
Lwm Yam Kab Mob Ntshav
Cov no yog cov mob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav uas cov qe ntshav tsis tuaj yeem ua lawv txoj haujlwm kom zoo.
- Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus: Qhov no yog kab mob ntshav uas feem ntau tshwm sim. Hais yooj yim xwb, kab mob ntshav tsis txaus yog thaum lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab txaus. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog kab mob ntshav tsis txaus hlau . Qhov ntawd yog hom kab mob ntshav tsis txaus uas feem ntau tshwm sim.
- Kev Mob Ntshav Txhaws: Cov no yog teeb meem nrog cov platelets, lossis cov protein uas pab cov ntshav txhaws.
- Kev Mob Ntshav: Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas cov ntshav tsis khov li qub. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav ntau dhau txawm tias raug mob me me los xij. Hemophilia yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm tus mob no.
Koj yuav paub li cas yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog koj cov ntshav?
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los paub tseeb tias puas muaj teeb meem nrog koj cov ntshav yog mus kuaj ntshav . Txawm li cas los xij, koj lub cev kuj muab qee cov cim rau koj.
Cov tsos mob feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem ntshav yog:
- Qaug zog thiab qaug zog heev: Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntshav tsis txaus.
- Mob nkeeg ntau zaus: Thaum cov qe ntshav dawb txo qis, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav qaug zog thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob nkeeg yuav nce ntxiv.
- Kev mob nqaij tawv uas tsis paub meej lossis los ntshav ntau dhau los ntawm kev raug mob me me: Qhov no yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias cov ntshav platelet tsawg.
Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob tsuas yog tso tseg lawv li "lwm yam." Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau kom tau txais lus qhia.
Lwm yam yog tus po loj . Tus po yog ib lub cev uas lim thiab ntxuav peb cov ntshav. Thaum muaj teeb meem nrog cov qe ntshav, nws yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua thiab tuaj yeem o.
Peb cov ntshav yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis heev. Nws zoo li roj uas muab txoj sia rau peb lub cev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntshav.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Ntshav yog ib qho kua tseem ceeb uas nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham mus rau peb lub cev, tiv thaiv cov kab mob, thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
- Muaj plaub feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav: cov ntshav plasma, cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets.
- Cov qe ntshav yog tsim los ntawm cov pob txha hauv peb cov pob txha.
- Qhov qaug zog ntau zaus, muaj mob ntau zaus, lossis raug mob qhov muag uas tsis paub meej yuav yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsig txog ntshav.
- Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej lawv thiab nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus