Yog tias, thaum koj tus menyuam mus kuaj mob txhua xyoo, tus kws kho mob mam li hais tias, "Koj tus menyuam cov ntshav siab zoo li siab me ntsis, cia peb kuaj dua?" Ib yam li ntau tus niam txiv, koj yuav ntshai thiab txhawj me ntsis. " Auj , ntshav siab thaum tseem hluas? Ua li cas?" Tej zaum koj yuav xav. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog ntshav siab, lossis ntshav siab ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis yog cov neeg laus xwb tab sis kuj yog cov menyuam yaus.
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov kev nyuaj siab no yog dab tsi?
Peb txhua tus muaj ntshav ntws los ntawm peb lub cev. Xav txog nws zoo li dej ntws los ntawm cov kav dej. Thaum cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov leeg, nws ua rau muaj kev nyuaj me ntsis rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov leeg. Qhov kev nyuaj ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua "ntshav siab." Yog tias qhov kev nyuaj no siab dua li qub, peb hu nws tias ntshav siab . Thaum qhov mob no tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas, peb hu nws tias ntshav siab rau menyuam yaus .
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no, kwv yees li ib ntawm 25 tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 12-19 xyoo muaj ntshav siab. Thiab kwv yees li ib ntawm 10 tus menyuam yaus muaj ntshav siab.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ntshav siab ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov kab ke tseem ceeb xws li lub plawv, lub raum, thiab qhov muag ntawm tus menyuam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov mob no thaum ntxov thiab nrhiav kev kho mob tsim nyog.
Cov tsos mob dab tsi qhia tias ib tug me nyuam muaj ntshav siab?
Qhov no yog qhov ua rau ntau tus niam txiv xav tsis thoob. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav siab tsis qhia cov tsos mob dab tsi. Lawv ua si, khiav, thiab ua lawv cov haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv li qub. Qhov no yog vim li cas ntshav siab feem ntau pom thaum lawv mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab ntsuas lawv cov ntshav siab thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas niaj hnub.
Hauv cov mob hnyav, cov tsos mob xws li mob taub hau, mob hauv siab, thiab ua pa nyuaj yuav tshwm sim, tab sis qhov no tsis tshua muaj.
Vim yog qhov xwm txheej ntsiag to no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum coj koj tus menyuam mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua, txawm tias tsis muaj mob los xij. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj ntshav siab.
Vim li cas cov menyuam yaus thiaj muaj ntshav siab? Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Muaj ob hom ua rau menyuam yaus muaj ntshav siab. Cia peb sim nkag siab txog cov no kom yooj yim.
| Hom mob ntshav siab | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kev Mob Ntshav Siab Thawj Zaug | Qhov no yog hom mob uas pom ntau tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam yaus. Tsis muaj ib qho laj thawj uas ua rau ntshav siab nce siab uas tuaj yeem hais tias yog vim tus kab mob no. Nws tuaj yeem yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam ua rau. |
| Ntshav Siab Thib Ob | Ntawm no, qhov kev nyuaj siab nce ntxiv vim yog lwm yam mob uas ua rau muaj. Qhov ntawd yog, qhov kev nyuaj siab nce ntxiv ua ib qho kev phiv los ntawm lwm yam kab mob. |
Muaj lus qhia ntxiv txog Primary Hypertension...
Qhov no yog hom mob uas pom ntau tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus mob no muaj ntau yam ntxwv zoo sib xws:
- Muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 6 xyoo.
- Muaj ntshav siab hauv tsev neeg (niam, txiv, pog, phauj). Qhov no yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam los ntawm noob caj noob ces.
- Rog dhau los yog rog dhau heev. Yog tias ib tug me nyuam rog dhau rau lawv qhov siab, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lawv cov ntshav siab nce siab. Cov kws kho mob ntsuas qhov no siv tus nqi hu ua BMI (Body Mass Index) .
Muaj lus nug ntxiv txog Secondary Hypertension...
Ntawm no peb hais tias qhov siab nce vim yog lwm yam kab mob. Qhov ua rau muaj ntshav siab theem ob hauv cov menyuam yaus yog cov kab mob raum. Tej yam xws li cov leeg ntshav uas muab ntshav mus rau lub raum nqaim, kab mob raum (Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov no.
Ntxiv rau kab mob raum, muaj ntau lwm yam ua rau:
- Kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los: Piv txwv li, ib qho mob hu ua '(Aortic Coarctation)'.
- Kev tsis sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones: cov mob xws li hyperthyroidism.
- Ua pa nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog thaum pw tsaug zog: Peb hu qhov no tias '(Obstructive Sleep Apnea)'.
- Qee cov tshuaj: Qee cov tshuaj tswj kev yug me nyuam, cov tshuaj steroids (Corticosteroids).
- Cov kab mob caj ces: Cov mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj xws li '(Neurofibromatosis hom 1)'.
- Tej yam ib puag ncig:Kev raug cov hlau hnyav xws li cov hlau txhuas.
Cov yam uas ua rau muaj ntshav siab yog dab tsi?
Yog koj tus menyuam muaj cov no, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav siab yuav siab dua me ntsis.
- Rog dhau los yog rog dhau: Thaum cov rog hauv lub cev nce ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem tso siab rau lub raum thiab ua rau cov ntshav siab ntxiv.
- Keeb kwm tsev neeg: Yog tias koj niam, txiv, pog, lossis yawg koob tau mob ntshav siab ua ntej hnub nyoog 60 xyoo, koj tus menyuam txoj kev pheej hmoo yuav mob ntshav siab ob npaug.
- Cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev ntau: Ntshav (sodium) yog ib yam khoom uas ua rau lub cev khaws dej. Yog tias cov khoom noj uas peb noj ntsev dhau, cov dej hauv cov ntshav yuav nce ntxiv thiab qhov siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha yuav nce ntxiv. Cov khoom noj xws li ncuav qab zib, hnyuv ntxwm, cheese, cov khoom noj uas khaws cia, thiab cov txiv lws suav muaj ntsev ntau.
- Tsis Muaj Kev Tawm Dag Zog: Yog tias ib tug me nyuam zaum hauv ib qho chaw thoob plaws hnub (saib xov tooj, ntsiav tshuaj, thiab saib TV), lub plawv yuav qaug zog. Thaum lub plawv tawm dag zog, nws yuav muaj zog dua thiab siv zog tsawg dua los tso ntshav.
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib: Cov ntshav qab zib ntau dhau mus ntev tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha thiab lub raum puas tsuaj thiab ua rau ntshav siab ntxiv.
- Yug ntxov thiab qhov hnyav tsawg thaum yug los: Kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau pom tias yog tias tus menyuam yug ntxov lossis muaj qhov hnyav tsawg thaum yug los, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nce ntshav siab yav tom ntej.
Tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim li cas yog tias tus menyuam cov ntshav siab?
Tsis zoo li kev kuaj xyuas cov ntshav siab ntawm cov neeg laus, kev kuaj xyuas cov ntshav siab ntawm cov menyuam yaus nyuaj me ntsis vim tias cov ntshav siab ib txwm muaj sib txawv nyob ntawm tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, thiab qhov siab .
Tus kws kho mob tsis kuaj mob los ntawm kev kuaj lub siab ib zaug xwb. Nws ntsuas lub siab ob peb hnub, ob peb zaug. Muaj ib qho laj thawj rau qhov ntawd. Qee tus menyuam yaus (thiab cov neeg laus) ntshai me ntsis thiab ntxhov siab thaum lawv mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis tuaj rau tsev kho mob. Lub sijhawm ntawd, lub siab yuav nce ntxiv ib ntus. Peb hu qhov no ua White Coat Syndrome . Yog vim li ntawd lawv thiaj ntsuas nws ob peb zaug.
Yog tias paub tseeb tias qhov siab siab, tus kws kho mob mam li sim nrhiav qhov ua rau. Ua li no:
- Nug tus me nyuam thiab niam txiv txog lawv cov zaub mov noj, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev mob hauv tsev neeg .
- Kev kuaj ntshav yog ua los xyuas tej yam xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum thiab cov tshuaj hormones.
- Yuav ua qhov kev kuaj EKG (Electrocardiogram) los xyuas seb lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas.
- Yog tias tsim nyog, koj yuav raug xa mus rau kev kuaj duab ntawm lub plawv lossis lub raum.
Cov ntshav siab li cas rau cov menyuam yaus yog cov ntshav siab ib txwm muaj thiab cov ntshav siab tsis zoo li qub?
Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 13 xyoos thiab laus dua, cov nqi raug txiav txim siab tib yam li cov neeg laus.
| Qib siab | Cov nqi (rau cov hnub nyoog 13+) |
|---|---|
| Ib txwm | Systolic tsawg dua 120 thiab Diastolic tsawg dua 80. (Tsawg dua 120/80 mm Hg) |
| Siab dua me ntsis (Nce siab) | Qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws yog 120-129 thiab qhov txwv qis tshaj plaws yog tsawg dua 80. |
| Ntshav Siab - Theem 1 Ntshav Siab | Tus nqi siab tshaj 130-139 los yog tus nqi qis dua 80-89. |
| Ntshav Siab - Theem 2 Ntshav Siab | Tus nqi siab ntawm 140 lossis siab dua lossis tus nqi qis ntawm 90 lossis siab dua. |
Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 12 xyoos thiab qis dua, qhov ntau thiab tsawg ib txwm muaj yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab qhia feem pua uas piv rau lawv lub hnub nyoog thiab qhov siab. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia qhov no rau koj.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tswj tau tus menyuam cov ntshav siab?
Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias cov menyuam yaus muaj ntshav siab tswj tau zoo. Cov kev xaiv kho mob yuav txawv ntawm ib tug menyuam mus rau ib tug menyuam.
1. Kev Hloov Pauv Txoj Kev Ua Neej
Feem ntau cov no yog thawj yam uas cov kws kho mob pom zoo. Yog tias tag nrho tsev neeg koom nrog rau cov no, cov txiaj ntsig yuav zoo heev.
- Kev noj zaub mov zoo: Muaj ib qho kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb hu ua DASH Diet . Hais yooj yim xwb, nws yog kev noj zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, taum pauv, txiv ntoo qhuav, thiab cov nplej tag nrho. Thiab txo cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev, qab zib, thiab roj ntau (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov roj saturated).
- Kev ua ub ua no ntau ntxiv:Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov menyuam yaus kom khiav thiab ua si kom txog thaum lawv tawm hws thiab tsaug zog. Yog tias lawv koom nrog hom kev tawm dag zog no tsawg kawg 40-60 feeb hauv ib hnub, 3-5 hnub hauv ib lub lim tiam, nws yuav pab tau zoo heev rau kev txo qhov siab.
- Kev Tswj Kev Ntxhov Siab: Yog lawm, txawm tias cov menyuam yaus kuj muaj kev ntxhov siab vim yog tej yam xws li kev xeem thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Qhov kev ntxhov siab no kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav siab ntxiv. Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev ua pa thiab kev xav.
2. Tshuaj
Yog tias kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub neej ib leeg xwb tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau koj cov ntshav siab, lossis yog tias koj cov ntshav siab heev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj.
Kev kho mob feem ntau pib nrog qhov koob tshuaj qis tshaj plaws.
- Cov tshuaj ACE inhibitors
- Cov tshuaj Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
- Cov tshuaj calcium channel blockers
- Cov tshuaj beta-blockers
- Cov tshuaj diuretics (tshuaj dej)
Cov tshuaj xws li: Tag nrho cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog lawv ua ntej pib noj tshuaj twg los tau.
Peb puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv peb tus menyuam kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav siab?
Yog, muaj ntau yam uas peb ua tau los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- Tswj kom qhov hnyav noj qab nyob zoo rau qhov siab ntawm koj tus menyuam.
- Ua ib tsev neeg, txo cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev, qab zib, thiab rog ntau. Tsis txhob noj cov khoom noj uas yuav hauv khw, dej qab zib, thiab khoom noj txom ncauj.
- Txhawb koj tus menyuam kom ua ub ua no tsawg kawg yog ib teev hauv ib hnub.
- Pw tsaug zog zoo. Ua kom nws yog ib qho kev coj ua mus pw rau lub sijhawm teem tseg thiab sawv rau lub sijhawm teem tseg.
- Tsis txhob cia koj tus menyuam haus luam yeeb kiag li. Yog tias muaj ib tug neeg hauv tsev haus luam yeeb, nws kuj yuav cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam (haus luam yeeb thib ob).
Nco ntsoov tias, peb hloov tsis tau cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces xws li keeb kwm tsev neeg, tab sis peb tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawd los ntawm kev ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv.
Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas koj yuav tu siab thiab ntshai thaum koj pom tias koj tus menyuam muaj ntshav siab. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog, qhov no yog ib qho mob uas koj tswj tau. Koj tus kws kho mob thiab pab neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv nyob ntawm no los pab thiab coj koj, koj tus menyuam, thiab koj tsev neeg hla txoj kev no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Ntshav siab hauv cov menyuam yaus yog ib qho mob uas feem ntau tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob.
- Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xa tus menyuam mus kuaj mob kom raug , txawm tias tsis muaj tsos mob los xij.
- Kev rog dhau, keeb kwm tsev neeg, kev noj zaub mov uas muaj ntsev ntau, thiab tsis tawm dag zog yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo no.
- Thaum xub thawj, kev kho mob uas pom zoo yog kev ua neej noj qab haus huv thiab kev hloov pauv zaub mov. Nws yuav zoo tshaj plaws thaum tag nrho tsev neeg koom nrog rau qhov no.
- Yog tias tsis tswj tau zoo, ntshav siab tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov kabmob xws li lub plawv thiab lub raum yav tom ntej.
- Yog koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb lossis kev tsis ntseeg txog qhov no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham tam sim ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus