Koj tus me nyuam puas tsis tig rov qab thaum lawv hu nws lub npe? Nws puas tsis xav ua si nrog lwm tus menyuam? Los yog nws puas ua tib yam li qub tas li? Thaum koj pom tej yam zoo li no, tej zaum koj yuav txhawj thiab ntshai me ntsis. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho teeb meem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo li no, uas ua rau ntau tus niam txiv txhawj xeeb. Ntawd yog autism, lossis hauv kev kho mob, autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Autism yog dab tsi tiag tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, autism yog ib qho teeb meem kev loj hlob uas cuam tshuam rau txoj kev uas ib tus neeg sib txuas lus, coj tus cwj pwm, thiab sib cuag nrog lwm tus. Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias autism tsis yog ib yam kab mob. Nws kho tsis tau, tab sis nrog kev txhawb nqa thiab kev kho mob zoo, ib tug menyuam uas muaj tus mob no tuaj yeem ua neej zoo thiab zoo siab.
Lo lus "spectrum" yog siv vim tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj tus mob no zoo ib yam. Ib txhia neeg muaj cov tsos mob me me xwb, thaum lwm tus neeg yuav muaj cov tsos mob uas ua rau lawv nyuaj rau ua tej haujlwm txhua hnub. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj ob tug menyuam uas muaj tus mob no zoo ib yam.
Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj autism?
Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau pom ib lo lus teb tseeb 100 feem pua rau lo lus nug no, tab sis ntseeg tias muaj kev sib txuas loj ntawm caj ces .
- Keeb Kwm Tsev Neeg: Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg, xws li niam, txiv, kwv tij, lossis muam, muaj tus mob no, muaj feem yuav ua rau tus menyuam mob thiab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm.
- Lwm yam mob caj ces: Kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism muaj lwm yam mob caj ces, xws li Down syndrome lossis fragile X syndrome.
- Hnub nyoog ntawm cov niam txiv: Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov niam txiv laus dua thaum lub sijhawm xeeb tub, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntau dua.
- Cov tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub: Muaj qee cov pov thawj tias kev siv cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg thaum cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj opioid tua kab mob, kuj tseem yuav yog qhov ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias cov no tsuas yog cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo xwb. Nws tsis tau txhais hais tias ib tug me nyuam yuav muaj autism tsuas yog vim lawv muaj cov no xwb. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab autism.
Muaj ib txhia menyuam pib muaj cov tsos mob no hauv ob peb lub hlis tom qab yug los. Lwm tus yuav loj hlob li qub rau thawj ob peb lub hlis lossis xyoo thiab tom qab ntawd pib muaj cov tsos mob no. Cov niam txiv feem ntau pom qee qhov kev hloov pauv thaum muaj ib xyoos, thiab thaum muaj ob xyoos, kwv yees li 80%-90% ntawm cov niam txiv paub tias muaj teeb meem.
Kuv yuav paub li cas yog tias kuv tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob ntawm autism?
Hauv tus mob autism, muaj peb qhov tseem ceeb uas pom tau qhov sib txawv: kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog, kev sib txuas lus, thiab tus cwj pwm. Cia peb saib cov no sib cais.
| 1. Cov yam ntxwv uas pom tau hauv kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog | |
|---|---|
| Tsis teb rau lub npe | Txawm tias muaj ib xyoos los, nws tsis tig rov qab thaum luag hu nws lub npe. |
| Nyiam nyob ib leeg | Tsis xav tham, ua si, lossis sib qhia tej yam nrog lwm tus. |
| Tsis nyiam kov lub cev | Tsis kam los yog tsis kam kom ib tug neeg khawm los yog tuav. |
| Kev Sib Txuas Qhov Muag Tsis Zoo | Tsis txhob ntsia qhov muag thaum tham lus lossis lwm lub sijhawm. |
| Nyuaj rau kev nkag siab txog kev xav | Tsis nkag siab txog kev tu siab thiab kev zoo siab ntawm ib tus neeg thiab lwm tus. Tsis xav tau kev nplij siab thaum muaj kev tu siab. |
| 2. Cov yam ntxwv uas pom tau hauv kev sib tham thiab kev sib txuas lus | |
|---|---|
| Kev ncua sij hawm hais lus | Tsis hais lus uas haum rau lawv lub hnub nyoog, lossis tsis hais lus li. Ib txhia menyuam yaus yuav hais lus tau ib ntus ces poob qhov peev xwm ntawd. |
| Kev rov ua dua (Echolalia) | Rov hais dua ib yam dab tsi uas koj hnov lossis hais dua thiab dua, zoo li lub suab rov qab los. |
| Lub suab txawv txawv | Hais lus hauv lub suab monotone, zoo li tus neeg hlau, tsis muaj kev xav. |
| Kev hais lus nrog cov lus hloov pauv | Tej yam zoo li tham txog koj tus kheej ua "koj" es tsis yog "Kuv". |
| Tsis siv cov lus piav tes | Tsis qhia ib yam dab tsi nrog koj txhais tes, tsis hais 'tata', thiab tsis nkag siab thaum lwm tus ua li ntawd. |
| 3. Kev hloov pauv pom tseeb hauv cov qauv kev coj cwj pwm | |
|---|---|
| Kev coj cwj pwm rov ua dua | Tej yam zoo li tes co, co, thiab tig ib ncig. |
| Kev kho | Kev txaus siab rau ib yam khoom ua si, duab kos, lossis lub ntsiab lus ntau dhau. |
| Ua raws li kev coj ua niaj hnub | Sim ua txhua yam tib yam, tib lub sijhawm. Txawm tias hloov ib yam me me li lub phaj los xij, kuv chim heev. |
| Kev rhiab heev | Ua siab mos siab muag dhau los yog tsis quav ntsej txog qee yam, xws li suab, teeb, lossis kov khaub ncaws. |
| Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo | Nyiam noj ob peb hom zaub mov xwb. Xaiv cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov zaub mov kom zoo. |
| Kev coj cwj pwm tsis xav ua thiab ua nruj ua tsiv | Tej yam zoo li ua ib yam dab tsi yam tsis xav, ntaus koj tus kheej lossis lwm tus, pov khoom, thiab lwm yam. |
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?
Thaum koj paub qhov teeb meem no sai npaum li cas, koj yuav pab tau koj tus menyuam ntau npaum li ntawd. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum saib xyuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis tau mus txog cov theem tseem ceeb hauv qab no, lossis yog tias lawv pib poob qee yam ntawm lawv cov txuj ci, nco ntsoov tham nrog kws kho mob.
| Hnub nyoog | Tej yam yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog |
|---|---|
| 6 lub hlis | Yog koj tsis luag |
| 9 lub hlis | Yog tias tsis muaj kev ua raws li lub ntsej muag lossis lub suab |
| 12 lub hlis | Yog koj tsis hais lus nrog kev sib cav sib ceg |
| 14 lub hlis | Yog koj tsis ua tes taw xws li taw tes lossis hais tias 'tata' |
| 16 lub hlis | Yog koj tsis hais ib lo lus |
| 18 lub hlis | Tshwj tsis yog tias koj koom nrog kev ua si ua txuj (piv txwv li, pub zaub mov rau menyuam roj hmab) |
| 24 lub hlis | Yog koj tsis hais ob kab lus |
Yog koj muaj lus nug txog qhov no, thov tsis txhob khaws cia rau koj tus kheej thiab txhawj. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus lossis kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg tam sim ntawd thiab tham txog qhov no. Lawv yuav qhia koj meej.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Autism tsis yog ib yam kab mob, nws yog ib yam mob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb . Tsis tas yuav ntshai lossis txaj muag txog qhov no.
- Txhua tus menyuam txawv. Yog li ntawd, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob autism tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib tus menyuam mus rau lwm tus. Tsis txhob muab koj tus menyuam piv rau lwm tus menyuam.
- Thaum koj paub txog qhov teeb meem no thaum ntxov thiab muab kev kho mob rau tus menyuam kom zoo thiab kho kev hais lus, koj tuaj yeem pab tau lawv ua neej nyob li qub.
- Yog tias koj tseem muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog kev loj hlob ntawm koj tus menyuam, thov mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau rau koj tus kheej thiab koj tus menyuam.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus