Yu dɔn ɛva si pɔsin na di intensiv kia yunit (ICU) ɔ pɔsin we dɛn dɔn briŋ kam na di imejensi rum (ETU) wit siriɔs prɔblɛm fɔ blo, ɛn di dɔktɔ dɛn rɔsh fɔ tɛl dɛn fɔ "du ABG"? Dis na rili impɔtant ɛn sɔm spɛshal blɔd tɛst. Tide, wi go tɔk bɔt am simpul wan, di we we yu go ɔndastand.
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin na dis ABG tɛst?
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) na wan tɛst we de tek smɔl blɔd frɔm wan at we de na wi bɔdi. Naw yu kin de tink se, "Ɔda blɔd tɛst dɛn kin tek blɔd frɔm wan vein, wetin na di difrɛns?"
Tink bɔt am dis we. Wi bɔdi tan lɛk siti.
- Di at dɛn tan lɛk big big rod dɛn we de briŋ impɔtant tin dɛn lɛk ɔksijɛn ɛn it to wan siti.
- Vein dɛn tan lɛk ol rod dɛn na di siti we de kɛr dɔti tin dɛn lɛk kabon dayɔgzayd bak na di siti.
So, if wi want fɔ no ɔmɔs ɔksijɛn de go na wi bɔdi in ɔgan dɛn, mɔ di bren ɛn at, wi nid fɔ tɛst di blɔd we de na da "hayway," nɔto so? Na dat mek dɛn kin tek blɔd frɔm wan at fɔ di ABG tɛst.
Dis tɛst de mɔ fɔ no di ɔksijɛn ɛn kabon dayɔgzayd we de na yu blɔd. I de mɛzhɔ bak di asid-base balans, ɔ pH, na yu blɔd. Dis balans impɔtant fɔ ɔl di tin dɛn we de apin na wi bɔdi.
Wetin ɛksaktɔli ABG tɛst kin mɛzhɔ?
We yu luk ABG ripɔt, yu go si sɔm lɛta dɛn we at fɔ ɔndastand smɔl. Bɔt di minin rili simpul. Lɛ wi si wetin ɛni wan pan dɛn valyu dɛn de min.
| Di we aw dɛn de mɛzhɔ | Simpul minin |
|---|---|
| pH | Dis de tɛl yu aw yu blɔd gɛt asid. Dis valyu fɔ de bitwin 7.35 ɛn 7.45. Ɛnitin we smɔl pas dat min se yu blɔd gɛt asid, ɛn ɛnitin we ay min se i gɛt alkaline. |
| PaO2 (Partial prɛshɔn fɔ ɔksijɛn) . | Di ɔksijɛn we dɔn sɔlv na di blɔd. Dis de sho aw ɔksijɛn de go insay di blɔd fayn fayn wan frɔm yu lɔng. |
| PaCO2 (Partial prɛshɔn fɔ kabɔn dayɔgzayd) . | Di bɔku bɔku kabon dayɔgzayd we de na yu blɔd. Dis de sho aw yu bɔdi de pul di kabon dayɔgzayd fayn fayn wan. |
| HCO3 (Bikabɔnɛt) . | Dis na bays insay wi blɔd. Na di kidni dɛn de kɔntrol am. I rili impɔtant fɔ balans di pH na di blɔd. |
| O2Sat (Oksijɛn sɛtyureshɔn) . | I de sho aw bɔku pan di prɔtin ɛmoglobin we de na di blɔd de kɛr ɔksijɛn, as pasɛnt. Pul ɔksimita we yu put na yu finga de mɛzhɔ di sem valyu. |
Ustɛm dɛn nid fɔ du ABG tɛst?
Dis nɔto tɛst we dɛn kin du fɔ chɛk-ap ɔltɛm. Bɔku tɛm dɛn kin du am we tin nɔ izi fɔ dɛn ɛn fɔ wach aw di sik pipul dɛn we dɔn ɔlrɛdi de na ɔspitul de . Na sɔm pan di men rizin dɛn we mek dɔktɔ ɔda fɔ du dis tɛst:
- Sivεr difεlεns fכ brith: Insay kes dεm lεk asma εksayz εn wata we de kכmכt na di lכng (akyu respiratory failure).
- Sivεr infεkshכn kכndishכn dεm: Na infεkshכn dεm we de mek yu layf de pan denja lεk sepsis כ sεptik shכk.
- Di prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin we pɔsin gɛt dayabitis: Na tin dɛn we di blɔd kin bi asid, lɛk dayabitik ketoacidosis (DKA).
- Hat atak ɔr at pwɛl: We di at stɔp fɔ wok wantɛm wantɛm (Acute heart failure) ɔ we di at stɔp (Cardiac arrest).
- Kidni we nɔ de wok fayn: We di kidni dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ pul di asid dɛn na di blɔd fayn fayn wan, di blɔd kin bi asid. Lan bɔt dis sik.
- Pɔyzin: We dɛn it sɔm pɔyzin dɛn, di pH na di blɔd kin chenj.
- Bifo ɛn afta big ɔpreshɔn: Wach di pɔsin in respiratory status we dɛn de anestez am ɛn afta di ɔpreshɔn.
- Krכnik lכng sik dεm: Si if di tritmεnt de wok fayn fכ pipul dεm we gεt sik lεk COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
Aw dɛn kin du dis tɛst? Yu tink se i de mek pɔsin fil bad?
Fɔ gɛt ABG tɛst difrɛn smɔl frɔm fɔ du blɔd tɛst ɔltɛm.
Bifo di tɛst
Sɔntɛnde, if dɛn de gi yu ɔda ɔksijɛn, dɛn kin stɔp am lɛk 20 minit bifo di tɛst. Dis na fɔ si aw yu bɔdi de wok we yu nɔ gɛt ɔksijɛn. Bɔt if yu nɔ ebul fɔ du am atɔl if yu nɔ gɛt ɔksijɛn, sɔntɛm yu nɔ go ebul fɔ du dat. If dɛn de tek blɔd na yu an, di dɔktɔ ɔ di ɔfisa we dɛn tren kin du wan simpul tɛst we dɛn kɔl ‘Allen test’ fɔ si if blɔd de go fayn fayn wan na yu an.
We yu de tek di tɛst
1. Dɔktɔ ɔ pɔsin we dɛn dɔn tren go fɛn wan at we de insay yu an (radial artery), nia yu ɛlbo (brachial artery), ɔ na yu groin (femoral artery).
2. Klin di say fayn fayn wan ɛn put disinfɛktant.
3. Dɔn, dɛn kin put wan rili smɔl nidul insay di at ɛn pul smɔl blɔd insay sirinj.
4. Fɔ tɔk tru , dis kin mek yu fil pen smɔl pas fɔ pul blɔd na yu vein. dis na biכs di at de dip sכmtεm כnda wi skin εn i gεt mכr nεv dεm we de rawnd am. Bɔt di pen na di tɛm nɔmɔ we dɛn put di nidul.
5. Afta dɛn dɔn gɛda di blɔd we yu nid, pul di nidul ɛn put prɛshɔn pan di say wit wan kɔtɔn ɔ goz fɔ stɔp di blɔd fɔ lɛk 5 to 10 minit . If yu de tek mɛrɛsin we de mek yu blɔd tan, yu go nid fɔ prɛs yu fɔ lɔng tɛm.
Afta di tɛst
Di say we dɛn put di nidul kin brus smɔl ɔ blu. Dis na nɔmal tin. Yu dɔktɔ go tɛl yu fɔ avɔyd fɔ es ebi ebi tin wit da an de fɔ 24 awa afta dɛn dɔn pul di blɔd.
Di rizulyt fɔ di ABG tɛst kin de kwik kwik wan, bɔku tɛm insay 10-15 minit, bikɔs dɛn rizɔlt ya rili impɔtant fɔ mek pɔsin disayd kwik kwik wan pan imejensi.
Aw di avrej valyu dɛn de na di ripɔt?
Dɛn valyu ya kin difrɛn smɔl frɔm wan lab to ɔda lab, bɔt na dɛn avɛrej valyu ya fɔ big pɔsin we gɛt wɛlbɔdi na di si lɛvɛl. I bɛtɛ fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ fɔ ɛksplen di valyu dɛn we de na yu ripɔt kɔmplit wan.
| Di we aw dɛn de mɛzhɔ | Nɔmal Rɛnj |
|---|---|
| pH | 7.35 - 7.45. Di wan dɛn we de wok |
| PaO2 | 75 - 100 mmHg |
| PaCO2 | 35 - 45 mmHg |
| HCO3 | 22 - 26 mEq/L |
| O2Sat | 95% - 100% . |
If dɛn valyu ya de ausayd di nɔmal rɛnj, i kin min se yu bɔdi nɔ de gɛt inof ɔksijɛn , ɔ se kabon dayɔgzayd nɔ de kɔmɔt na yu sistɛm fayn fayn wan , ɔ yu blɔd in asid/bɛs balans nɔ de balans . Yu dɔktɔ go yuz dis ripɔt, yu sayn dɛm, ɛn ɔda tɛst dɛm fɔ no wetin de apin to yu.
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- ABG nɔto blɔd tɛst we dɛn kin du ɔltɛm frɔm vein, bɔt na spɛshal tɛst we dɛn kin du frɔm at, we na wan big blɔd vesel we de gi ɔksijɛn to di bɔdi.
- Dis kin mɔs mɛzhɔ ɔksijɛn, kabon dayɔgzayd, ɛn asid (pH) we de na di blɔd.
- Dis impɔtant fɔ no kwik kwik wan bɔt di mɛrɛsin kɔndishɔn dɛn we i gɛt imejensi ɛn siriɔs tin lɛk fɔ blo, bad bad infɛkshɔn, ɛn at sik.
- Pan ɔl we i kin mek pɔsin fil pen smɔl pas fɔ tɛst pɔsin in blɔd ɔltɛm, di tin dɛn we i kin gi kin ɛp fɔ sev pɔsin in layf.
- Ɔltɛm tɔk to yu dɔktɔ we de trit yu bɔt di rizɔlt fɔ yu ABG tɛst ɛn wetin dɛn min.
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